石漠化地区的生态危机及菌根桑生物修复潜力研究进展

刘代军; 涂波; 施松梅; 杨晓红; 黄先智; 秦俭

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4810.2012.02.012

石漠化地区的生态危机及菌根桑生物修复潜力研究进展

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4810.2012.02.012

1.
南方山地园艺学教育部重点实验室/西南大学园艺园林学院
2.
西南大学蚕学与系统生物学研究所

基金项目: 重庆市科技攻关重点项目(No.CSTC,2011AB1028),现代农业产业技术体系专项(No.CARS-22-ZJ0503)

计量
- 文章访问数: 2691
- HTML浏览量: 435
- PDF下载量: 1517
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2012-02-20
- 发布日期: 2012-06-25

Research progress of the ecological crisis in rocky desertification area and the bioremediation potential of mycorrhizal mulberry

1.
Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountainous Regions, Ministry of Education/ College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University
2.
Institute of Sericulture and Systems Biology, Southwest University

摘要

摘要: 在简要总结出石漠化地区的生态特征、生态威胁及生态恢复存在的主要障碍的基础上,比较系统地分析了桑树在石漠化生境中已表现出的生态适应能力和生态修复潜力。桑树作为喀斯环境的速生造林树种,根系发达,耐干旱耐贫瘠能力极强,对增加植被覆盖率、促进生态环境改善、实现石漠化地区脆弱生态系统的恢复与平衡产生重要作用。尤其是由于丛枝菌根具有对矿质营养和水分吸收能力强的特殊生理生态功能,刚好与石漠化地区贫瘠和干旱这一主要生态障碍相耦合,接种丛枝菌根真菌后能进一步扩大桑树对矿质营养和水分的吸收与运输,减轻贫瘠干旱胁迫,加快土壤微生物群落构建,提高土壤生物活力,促进植被群落正向演替。种植菌根桑可望成为喀斯特石漠化生态修复一种新途径。
- 石漠化 /
- 生态修复 /
- 桑树 /
- 菌根技术 /
- 区域发展
Abstract: Based on briefly summarization of the ecological characteristics, ecological threats and the main ecology restoration obstacles in the rocky desertification region, the present paper systematically analyzes the ecological adaptation ability and potential for ecological restoration of mycorrhizal mulberry. Because of good characters in the developed roots, well drought-resistance and tolerance to barren soil, mycorrhizal mulberry is considered as a fast-growing forestry plant in karst environment. It plays an important role in increasing vegetation coverage, promoting environmental improvement and realizing fragile ecosystem restoration and balance. Especially because of the special eco-physiological function of AM fungi (for example, to increase minerals and water absorption) having good corresponding relations with the main ecological obstacles drought and leanness, mycorrhizal mulberry will be a new try to overcome the barriers of vegetation restoration in rocky desertification area. Mulberry that inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi will be able to further stimulate the absorption and transportation of mineral nutrition and water, alleviate the poor and drought stress, speed up the soil microbial community construction and increase soil biological activity as well as promote the vegetation positive succession. Usage of mycorrhizal mulberry will provide a new approach for ecological restoration in karst rocky desertification area.
- rocky desertification /
- ecological restoration /
- mulberry /
- mycorrhizal biotechnology /
- regional development

HTML

参考文献(42)

[1]	王世杰.喀斯特石漠化概念演绎及其科学内涵的探讨［J］.中国岩溶,2002,21(2):101-105.
[2]	Yuan D X. On the karst ecosystem［J］. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2001,75(3):336-338.
[3]	杨胜天,朱启疆.论喀斯特环境中土壤退化的研究［J］.中国岩溶,1999,18(2):169-175.
[4]	喻理飞.人为干扰与喀斯特森林群落退化及评价研究［J］.应用生态学报,2002,13(5):529-532.
[5]	熊平生,袁道先,谢世友.我国南方岩溶山区石漠化基本问题研究进展［J］.中国岩溶,2010,29(4):355-362.
[6]	王德炉,朱守谦,黄宝龙.贵州喀斯特石漠化类型及程度评价［J］.生态学报,2005,25(5):1057-1063.
[7]	Joong C K, Yun H C, Jae Y M, et al. Growth Stimulation of Mulberry Trees in Unsterilized Soil under Field Conditions with VA Mycorrhizal Inoculation［J］. Korean Journal of Sericultural Science, 1984,26(2):7-10.
[8]	Katiyar R S, Das P K, Choudhury P C, et al. Response of irrigated mulberry (Morusalba L.) to VA-mycorrhizal inoculation under graded doses of phosphorus［J］.Plant Soil,1995,170(2):331-337.
[9]	Bearden B N, Petersen L. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on soil structure and aggregate stability of avertisol［J］. Plant and Soil,2000,218:173-183.
[10]	Miransari M. Contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis to plant growth under different types of soil stress［J］. Plant Biology,2010,12:563-569.
[11]	Kiers E T, Marie D, Yugandhar B, et al. Reciprocal Rewards Stabilize Cooperation in the Mycorrhizal Symbiosis［J］. Science,2011,333,880-882.
[12]	魏源,王世杰,刘秀明,等.丛枝菌根真菌及在石漠化治理中的应用探讨［J］.地球与环境,2012,40(1):84-92.
[13]	王如岩,于水强,张金池,等.菌根真菌在退化喀斯特地区植被恢复中的应用［J］.林业科技开发,2010,24(5):4-7.
[14]	何师意,冉景丞,袁道先,等.不同岩溶环境系统的水文和生态效应研究［J］.地球学报,2001,22(3):265-270.
[15]	郭柯,刘长成,董鸣.我国西南喀斯特植物生态适应性与石漠化治理［J］.植物生态学报,2001,35(10):991-999.
[16]	蒋忠诚,袁道先.表层岩溶带的岩溶动力学特征及其环境和资源意义［J］.地球学报,1999,20(2):302-308.
[17]	张凤太,苏维词.重庆三峡库区岩溶山区乡村生态农业发展模式与对策［J］.农业现代化研究,2007,28(2):214-217.
[18]	秦俭,何宁佳,黄先智,等.桑树生态产业与蚕丝业的发展［J］.蚕业科学,2010,36(6):984-989.
[19]	刘芸.桑树在三峡库区植被恢复中的应用前景［J］.蚕业科学,2011,37(1):93-97.
[20]	韩世玉,姜虹,赖钢.贵州桑树资源及利用概况［J］.西南农业学报,2007,20(4):839-842.
[21]	冀宪领,盖英萍,牟志美,等.干旱胁迫对桑树生理生化特性的影响［J］.蚕业科学,2004,30(2):117-122.
[22]	梅再美,王代懿,熊康宁,等.不同强度等级石漠化土地植被恢复技术初步研究——以贵州花江试验示范区查尔岩试验小区为例［J］.中国岩溶,2004,23(3):253-258.
[23]	韩世玉.桑树的生态价值及其在贵州“东桑西移”中的生态栽培［J］.贵州农业科学,2007,35(5):140-142.
[24]	郭洪荣,买买提依明,吴丽莉.新疆桑种质资源与遗传育种研究进展［J］.中国蚕业,2003,24(4):89-90.
[25]	罗平.蚕桑业对喀斯特地区脱贫致富与环境改善的作用［J］.广西蚕业,2011,48(4):43-46.
[26]	李建平,李涛,赵之伟.金沙江干热河谷(元谋段)丛枝菌根真菌多样性研究［J］.菌物系统,2003,22(4):604-612.
[27]	Li T, Li J P, Zhao Z W. Arbuscular mycorrhizas in a valley-type savanna in southwest China［J］. Mycorrhiza, 2004, 14:323-327.
[28]	魏源,王世杰,刘秀明,等.喀斯特地区丛枝菌根真菌遗传多样性［J］.生态学杂志,2011,30(10):2220-2226.
[29]	叶娇,潘程远,刘代军,等.石漠化生境桑树根围AM真菌多样性研究［C］//第十一届全国菌根学术研讨会,2011.
[30]	史东梅,卢喜平,刘立志.三峡库区紫色土坡地桑基植物篱水土保持作用研究［J］.水土保持学报,2005,19(3):75-79.
[31]	Hallett P D, Feeey D S, Bengough A G, et al. Disentangling the impact of AM fungi versus root on soil structure and water Transport［J］. Plantand Soil,2009,314:183-196.
[32]	Miller R M, Jastrow J D. The Role of Mycorrhizal Fungi in Soil Conservation［J］. ASA Special Publication,1992,29-44.
[33]	Van Breemen N, Lundstr?m U S, Jongmans A G, et al. Do plants drive podsolization via rock-eating mycorrhizal fungi［J］. Geoderma,2000(94):163-171.
[34]	Mamatha G, Bagyaraj D, Jaganath S. Inoculation of field-established mulberry and papaya with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and a mycorrhiza helper bacterium［J］. Mycorrhiza, 2002, 12(6): 313-316.
[35]	舒玉芳,叶娇,潘程远,等.三峡库区桑树菌根发育特征及菌根对桑苗生长的促进作用［J］.蚕业科学,2011,37(6):978-984.
[36]	张光灿,杨吉华,赵新明,等.桑树根系分布及水土保持特性的研究［J］.蚕业科学,1997,23(1):59-60.
[37]	Kashyap S and Sharma S. In vitro selection of salt tolerant Morus alba and its field performance with bioinoculants［J］. Hort. Sci., 2006,33(2):77-86.
[38]	Ruiz-Lozano J M. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and alleviation of osmotic stress. New perspectives for molecular studies［J］. Mycorrhiza, 2003(13):309-317.
[39]	Frey-Klett P, Garbaye J, Tarkka M. The mycorrhiza helper bacteria revisited［J］. New Phytologist, 2007,176:22-36.
[40]	刘润进,陈应龙.菌根学［M］.北京:科学出版社,2007:45-120.
[41]	Newmam E I, Devoy C L N, Easen N J, et al. Plant species that can be linked by VA mycorrhizal fungi［J］. New Phytologist,1994,126:691-693.
[42]	Smith M D, Hartnett D C, Wilson G W T. Interating influence of mycorrhizal symbiosis and competition on plant diversity in tallgrass prairie［J］. Ocologia,1999,121:574-582.