Distribution of the rocky desertification and slope-land use patterns in Nanchuan Region of Chongqing City
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摘要: 利用2004TM遥感影像,并结合地质、水文气象、土地利用图等,研究了重庆南川区石漠化的分布特征。结果表明,南川区石漠化分布具有如下特征:地层岩性上,石漠化集中发育在中生界三叠系嘉陵江、飞仙观、雷口坡组和下古生界奥陶系马家沟组碳酸盐地区的纯灰岩与其他灰岩和白云岩互层分布区中;气象水文上,石漠化集中分布在中部槽坝年均温为10~16℃、年降水量大于1200mm的地区;地形高程上,轻度石漠化和中度石漠化主要分布在海拔800~1200m之间,重度石漠化主要分布在600~800m之间,极重度石漠化主要分布在500~600m之间;土地利用上,轻度和中度石漠化主要分布于灌木林地中,重度以上石漠化则主要见于旱地。根据研究区石漠化的发育和分布特点,建议平缓坡地(<5°)推行稻田保护性耕作和加强无公害农产品基地建设;较缓坡地(5°~15°)发展农耕和种植园区;较陡坡地(15°~25°)种植藤本植物(金银花)、经济林果和生态林草;陡峻坡地(>25°)应长期封山育林,重点发展水源林和景观林。Abstract: Desertification distribution in Nanchuan region of Chongqing City is studied on the basis of 2004 TM and maps of geology, hydrometeorology and land use. The results show that: lithologically, the desert mainly distributes in the areas of pure limestone and the interlayed strata of pure limestone and dolomite, which belonging to the Jialingjiang Group, Fixian’guan Group and Leikoupo Group of the Triassic system in Mesozoic and the Majiagou Group of the lower Paleozoic Ordovician; hydro meteorologically, the desert mainly distributes in the areas of the central flatland with the annual temperature ranges from 10℃ to 16℃ and annual precipitation over 1200 mm; topographically, slightly and moderately deserted deserts mainly in 800~1200 m area, but severely deserted area in 600~800 m, and extremely deserted desert 500~600 m above sea level; in view of land use, slightly and moderately deserted deserts mainly in shrub land, the severely deserted one in non-irrigated farmland. According to the development of desertification and the distribution of the deserts, it is suggested that the gentle land (<5°) be used as paddy field by protective tillage and green food production land; and the gentle slope land (5°~15°) be used as cultivation and plantation areas; the relatively dip slope(15°~25°) as vine(honeysuckle)planting land, fruit planting land and ecologic grass land; the steep slope land (>25°) as water conservation forest and scenery forest by long term close hillsides to facilitate afforestation.
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