喀斯特石漠化治理措施对土壤颗粒有机碳与团聚体有机碳的影响

蓝家程; 王俊贤; 王莎莎; 祁雪; 龙启霞

doi:10.11932/karst20220509

喀斯特石漠化治理措施对土壤颗粒有机碳与团聚体有机碳的影响

doi: 10.11932/karst20220509

贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院/国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心, 贵州贵阳 550001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（41601584，42177446）；贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合基础[2017]1417）；国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0502603）

详细信息

作者简介:
蓝家程 (1986－)，男，博士，教授，研究方向：喀斯特生态环境与土壤生态。E-mail：lanjc2016@163.com

中图分类号: S153.6
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-01
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-02

Impact of controlling karst rocky desertification on soil particulate organic carbon and aggregate-associated organic carbon

School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University/State Engineering Technology for Karst Desertification Control, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China

摘要

摘要: 文章以耕地为对照，分析不同石漠化治理措施（花椒林和次生林）对土壤0~20 cm土层有机碳(SOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、矿物结合有机碳(MOC)和团聚体有机碳的影响，探讨POC、MOC与SOC、团聚体有机碳的关系。结果表明：与耕地相比，花椒林和次生林均不同程度提高SOC、POC、MOC和团聚体有机碳含量。0~10 cm土层次生林SOC含量和各粒径团聚体有机碳含量均显著高于耕地和花椒林，在10~20 cm土层无显著差异；0~20 cm土层花椒林和次生林土壤POC含量显著高于耕地，MOC无显著差异。POC/SOC范围为20.38%~45.27%，花椒林和次生林显著高于耕地。相反，MOC/SOC为耕地显著高于花椒林和次生林。退耕为花椒林和次生林后，SOC含量的增加主要以POC含量增加为主。次生林和花椒林>2 mm粒径对SOC贡献率显著高于耕地，但0.25~2 mm粒径、0.053~0.25 mm粒径和 < 0.053 mm粒径对SOC贡献率显著低于耕地。其相关分析表明：POC、MOC与SOC、团聚体有机碳的关系均呈正相关，表现为次生林 > 花椒林 > 耕地。退耕恢复为花椒林和次生林后，SOC、POC和MOC增加量与团聚体有机碳增加量显著相关，其以次生林的相关性较强。石漠化治理措施改变SOC物理组分及其组成以及它们之间的关系，从而促进有机碳的积累。
- 颗粒有机碳 /
- 矿物结合有机碳 /
- 团聚体 /
- 石漠化 /
- 喀斯特地区
Abstract: The control measures of karst rocky desertification exert important influence on soil organic carbon (SOC) composition, and then affect the accumulation and stability of organic carbon. However, the effects of controlling karst rocky desertification on soil particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC), and their relationship between SOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon are still unclear. Huajiang karst gorge area is one of the most typic demonstration areas of controlling karst rocky desertification in Guizhou Province, Southwest China. Before the 1990s, this area underwent extensive land degradation, which led to the acceleration of SOC emissions. The local people have developed several well-known control measures of rocky desertification, among which we selected two-conversion of cropland to secondary forest and to Zanthoxylum plantation-as study objects. Given cropland as reference, soil was collected in the layers at the depth of 0-20 cm to analyze the impact of the two selected measures on SOC, POC, MOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon as well as their relationship. The results show that compared with cropland, the concentrations of SOC, POC, MOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon at the depth of 0-20 cm increase both in Zanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest. The concentrations of SOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon in secondary forest are significantly higher than those in Zanthoxylumplantation and cropland in the layers at the depth of 0-10 cm (P<0.05), but no significant difference is shown in the layers at the depth of 10-20 cm (P>0.05). The POC concentrations in both segments (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm) significantly increase inZanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest, but the MOC concentrations show no significant changes. POC/SOC ranging from 20.38% to 45.27% is significantly higher in Zanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest than that in cropland ( P<0.05). On the contrary, MOC/SOC in cropland is significantly higher than that inZanthoxylumplantation and secondary forest ( P<0.05). After the conversion of cropland toZanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest, the SOC concentrations have increased mainly due to the increase of POC concentrations. The contribution rate of the particle size bigger than 2 mm to SOC in Zanthoxylum plantation and secondary forest is significantly higher than that in cropland. However, the contribution rate of the particle size between 0.25-2 mm, between 0.053-0.25 mm and smaller than 0.053 mm respectively to SOC is significantly lower than that in cropland. The correlation analysis shows that POC and MOC are positively correlated with SOC and aggregate-associated organic carbon. Their correlations are listed as follows,secondary forest>Zanthoxylum plantation>cropland. After the conversion, the increase of SOC, POC and MOC is significantly correlated with the increase of aggregate-associated organic carbon (P<0.05), with higher correlation in the secondary forest. The control measures of rocky desertification have changed SOC and its physical composition and their relationship, thus promoting the accumulation of organic carbon.
- particulate organic carbon /
- mineral-associated organic carbon /
- soil aggregate /
- karst rocky desertification control /
- karst area

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图 1 团聚体有机碳对土壤有机碳的贡献率

Figure 1. Contribution rate of aggregate-associated organic carbon to soil organic carbon

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图 2 土壤颗粒有机碳、矿物结合有机碳变化量与土壤有机碳变化量的关系

Figure 2. Relationship between change of particulate organic carbon, mineral-associated organic carbon and change of soil organic carbon

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图 3 土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳、矿物结合有机碳变化量与团聚体有机碳变化量的关系

Figure 3. Relationship between change of soil organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, mineral associated organic carbon and change of aggregate-associated organic carbon

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表 1 土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳及矿物结合有机碳变化

Table 1. Changes of soil organic carbon, particulate organic carbon and mineral-associated organic carbon

土层/ cm		SOC/g·kg⁻¹	POC/g·kg⁻¹	MOC/g·kg⁻¹	POC/SOC (%)	MOC/SOC (%)
0~10	耕地	21.50aA	6.05aA	15.45aA	27.92aA	72.08aA
	花椒林	25.20aA	10.57bA	14.63aA	41.47bA	58.53bA
	次生林	31.03bA	14.20cA	16.83aA	45.27bA	54.73bA
10~20	耕地	19.35aA	3.94aA	15.41aA	20.38aA	79.62aA
	花椒林	22.37aA	8.24bA	14.14aA	36.75bA	63.25bA
	次生林	22.79aB	7.26bB	15.53aA	31.48bB	68.52bB
注：不同小写字母表示同一土层不同土地利用间显著差异 (P<0.05)，不同大写字母表示同一土地利用不同土层间显著差异 (P<0.05)。

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表 2 土壤团聚体有机碳含量变化

Table 2. Change of soil aggregate-associated organic carbon

土层		有机碳含量/ g·kg⁻¹
土层		> 2 mm	0.25~2 mm	0.053~0.25 mm	<0.053 mm
0~10	耕地	21.80aA	20.53aA	18.22aA	19.79aA
	花椒林	24.46aA	23.06aA	21.77aA	24.01aA
	次生林	30.45bA	28.88bA	30.52bA	30.63bA
10~20	耕地	19.79aA	19.27aA	18.21aA	18.80aA
	花椒林	21.72aA	21.36aA	20.21aA	21.64aA
	次生林	22.76aB	21.89aB	21.95aB	21.82aB
注：不同小写字母表示同一土层不同土地利用间显著差异 (P<0.05)；不同大写字母表示同一土地利用不同土层间显著差异 (P<0.05)。

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表 3 颗粒有机碳、矿物结合有机碳与土壤有机碳、团聚体有机碳的相关关系

Table 3. Relationship between particulate organic carbon, mineral associated organic carbon and soil organic carbon, and aggregate-associated organic carbon

		有机碳含量/g·kg⁻¹
		> 2 mm	0.25~2 mm	0.053~0.25 mm	<0.053 mm	SOC
耕地	POC	0.421	0.290	0.179	0.111	0.527
	MOC	0.520	0.555	0.591^*	0.685^*	0.495
	SOC	0.919^**	0.824^**	0.748^**	0.773^**	1.000
花椒林	POC	0.558	0.534	0.684^*	0.591^*	0.672^*
	MOC	0.593^*	0.632^*	0.387	0.463	0.536
	SOC	0.944^**	0.954^**	0.897^**	0.873^**	1.000
次生林	POC	0.958^**	0.920^**	0.854^**	0.941^**	0.944^**
	MOC	0.635^*	0.682^*	0.714^**	0.656^*	0.691^*
	SOC	0.991^**	0.978^**	0.937^**	0.985^**	1.000
注：^* 为P<0.05 水平显著差异；^**为P<0.01 水平显著差异。

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