贵州郑家小洞内动物重金属含量及与土壤和水体的关系研究

徐承香; 黎道洪; 梅 杰

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-4810.2010.01.009

贵州郑家小洞内动物重金属含量及与土壤和水体的关系研究

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4810.2010.01.009

贵州师范大学生命科学学院

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（N:30560024）、贵州省基金（黔科合J字[2008]2013号）、贵州省教育厅自然科学基金（黔科教2006205）

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2009-08-19
- 发布日期: 2010-03-25

Heavy metal content in animal body and its relations with soil and water in the Zhengjia small cave, Guizhou Province

College of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University

摘要

摘要: 通过对安顺郑家小洞内的动物和重金属污染进行调查研究，共获动物标本551号，隶属3门6纲10目20科29种（或类群）。对5个动物类群（螺类、马陆、斑灶马、蝙蝠粪和山蛩虫）、洞穴土壤和洞穴水的重金属含量进行了测定，研究了各动物类群的富集系数和洞穴土壤的污染指数并进行了评价。结果显示蝙蝠粪便中Zn的含量最高（670.5 mg/kg），间接说明了洞穴外围环境中的Zn污染较为严重，马陆对Ni与斑灶马对Cr和Ni无富集能力。各元素在3个光带土壤中的平均值含量都超过了我国的土壤背景值，按顺序排列为Zn >Ni > Cu > Cr > Pb > As > Hg > Cd，水体为Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu> Pb > Hg > As > Cd。单项污染指数表明Hg、Ni和Zn为重污染，在3个光带中的平均值分别为5.11、3.18和3.20。从综合污染指数看，3个光带的平均值为2.17，属轻污染，说明该洞穴有重金属污染但不严重。
- 洞穴动物 /
- 重金属污染 /
- 郑家小洞 /
- 贵州省
Abstract: In this paper, cave animal and heavy metal pollution in Zhengjia small cave in Anshun City, Guizhou Province is studied. The collected samples is 551, belonging to 3 phyla, 6 classes, 10 orders,20 families and 29 groups. The content of heavy metals in 5 groups of animals(snail, diplopod, Diestrammena marmorata ,bat guano and Orthomorpha) and that in the soil and water in cave is determined, and the accumulation coefficient of all animal groups and pollution index of soil in cave is studied. The results show that contents of Zn in bat guano（670.5 mg/kg） is the highest, inferring indirectly the pollution of Zn in the environment around the cave is more serious. Diplopod has not accumulation ability to Ni and Diestrammena marmorata has not accumulation ability to Cr and Ni too. The average contents of all elements in the soil with light belt, dim light belt and dark belt exceed the background value of soil in China, ordering as Zn＞Ni＞Cu＞Cr＞Pb＞As＞Hg＞Cd, and Zn＞Cr＞Ni＞Cu＞Pb＞Hg＞As＞Cd in water body. The single pollution index shows that Hg, Ni and Zn pollution are severe in the soil, averaging 5.11, 3.18 and 3.02 in light belt, dim light belt and dark belt respectively. The average of comprehensive pollution index (2.17) shows that the pollution is light in light belt, dim light belt and dark belt, which means that this cave has been polluted by heavy metal, but not seriously.
- cave animals /
- heavy metal contents /
- the Zhengjia small cave /
- Guizhou province

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