湖南典型岩溶土壤CEC、机械组成与矿物类型的响应

邢雨欣; 袁红; 吉香潼; 段承龙; 蒋军; 刘单鹏; 刘鹏

doi:10.11932/karst2024y037

湖南典型岩溶土壤CEC、机械组成与矿物类型的响应

doi: 10.11932/karst2024y037

邢雨欣^1,,
袁红^{1, 2, ,},
吉香潼¹,
段承龙¹,
蒋军¹,
刘单鹏¹,
刘鹏¹

1.
湖南农业大学资源学院, 湖南长沙 410128
2.
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004

基金项目: 自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室开放基金（KDL&Guangxi 202010）；科技部国家重点研发计划（2022YFD1700103-306）；湖南省教育厅重点项目（23A0185）

详细信息

作者简介:
邢雨欣（2001－），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为土壤形成过程与肥力质量演变。E-mail：13130166741@163.com

通讯作者:
袁红（1982－），女，副教授，研究方向为土壤质量演变。E-mail：brandyuan@163.com。

中图分类号: P642.25；S153
计量
- 文章访问数: 49
- HTML浏览量: 15
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-27
- 录用日期: 2024-08-23
- 修回日期: 2024-08-22
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-30
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-25

Response relationships among CEC, mechanical compositions and mineral types in typical karst soil

1.
College of Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
2.
Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR, Guilin, Guangxi 541004

摘要

摘要: 为探究岩溶土壤CEC含量、机械组成与土壤矿物类型的关系，在湖南省典型岩溶区通过野外调查、挖掘、采集与描述石灰岩风化物母质发育的32个土壤剖面，室内分析146个样品的土壤理化性状，为岩溶土壤发育类型鉴定及改土培肥、生态修复奠定基础。结果表明：（1）湖南典型岩溶土壤CEC含量介于6.99~36.03 cmol·kg⁻¹，土壤保肥能力中等偏强；土壤机械组成以粉粒、黏粒为主，质地黏重，通透性较差。（2）研究区岩溶土壤的主要矿物类型为：硅质混合型、伊利石混合型、高岭石型、高岭石混合型、混合型。五种矿物类型土壤均为酸性土壤，不同矿物类型土壤的pH、容重差异较小，但有机质含量差异较大；混合型土壤砂粒含量最高，硅质混合型土壤粉粒含量最高，高岭石土壤黏粒含量最高；CEC与ECEC含量在伊利石混合型土壤中最多，在混合型土壤中含量最少。（3）土壤CEC与粉粒含量呈极显著负相关关系，与黏粒含量呈极显著正相关关系(P <0.01)，土壤粉粒含量的降低或黏粒含量的增加均可显著提高阳离子交换量值。土壤ECEC与粉粒、黏粒均无显著相关性，但其与土壤pH、有机质含量以及交换性Ca²⁺、交换性Mg²⁺均呈极显著正相关(P <0.01)。土壤CEC与矿物类型无相关性，而ECEC与矿物类型呈极显著负相关(P <0.01)。典型岩溶区不同发育程度的土壤可以通过调节土壤黏粒与粉粒含量的比例来改善土壤质地，增加土壤肥力。
- 阳离子交换量 /
- 土壤颗粒组成 /
- 石灰岩母质
Abstract: In this study, a total of 146 profile samples were collected from 32 soil profile sampling sites in nine towns and cities in typical karst areas of Hunan Province. The physical and chemical properties of soil were analyzed through field investigation, excavation, and collection and description of soil profiles of limestone weathering parent materials. The relationships among soil CEC contents, mechanical compositions, and soil mineral types were also explored. The research findings laid a foundation for modification, fertilization and ecological restoration of karst soil.According to the Technical Specifications for Soil Analysis, the determination of soil physicochemical properties was conducted as follows: the soil pH values were measured by potentiometry. Both soil organic matters and total nitrogen contents in soil were determined by potassium dichromate heating method. Soil bulk density was measured by cutting ring method, while total phosphorus was assessed through the digestion-Mo-Sb anti-spectrophotometric method. Total potassium was analyzed via flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Exchangeable calcium and magnesium were quantified by EDTA titration method, and exchangeable sodium and potassium were also measued by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The composition of soil particles was determined by pipette method, and the particle fraction was classified based on the system of United States (2.00–0.05 mm for sand, 0.050–0.002 mm for silt, and <0.002 mm for clay). Types of clay minerals were determined by X-Ray diffraction. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) was determined by ammonium acetate centrifugal exchange method. The effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) was calculated in the following formula: [cmol·kg⁻¹]= H⁺+Al³⁺(⅓Al³⁺) + total extractability base.The results shows as follows. (1) The CEC contents of typical karst soil in Hunan ranged between 2.71–13.9 cmol·kg⁻¹, with an average value of 16.70±5.62 cmol·kg⁻¹. The sample values exhibited considerable variability. The average soil ECEC was 8.86±3.75 cmol·kg⁻¹, sigificantly lower than soil CEC. The particulate composition of soil was mainly silt and clay, resulting in a heavy texture and poor permeability in the study area. Based on the American grading method for soil fertilizer retention capacity combined with the measurement data, it was observed that the soil fertilizer retention capacity in the study area predominantly fell within the medium to strong levels, but the soil fertilizer capacity was inadequate. (2) The particulate compositions of soil followed a trend of clay>silt>sand, encompassing nine texture types. The soil samples with clay texture constituted the largest proportion of 31.50%. This was followed by silty loam and silty clay loam, which accounted for 30.14% and 27.40%, respectively. The soil samples from the study area included five distinct mineral types: siliceous hybrid, illite hybrid, kaolinite, kaolinite hybrid and hybrid. The hybrid soil exhibited the highest sand content, while the siliceous hybrid had the highest content of powder silt, and the kaolinite hybrid contained the most clay. The CEC and ECEC contents were the highest in illite hybrid and lowest in hybrid soil. In general, the soil texture of the 146 samples was primarily clay, silty loam and silty clay loam, resulting in heavy and compact soil that adversely affected the air permeability and drainage of soil. (3) CEC exhibited a highly significant correlation with both silt and clay content, while showing no significant correlation with sand. Soil ECEC was not significantly correlated with any of the soil particles; however, it demonstrated a highly significant positive correlation with soil pH, organic matter content and total phosphorus content (P<0.01). Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between ECEC and total potassium content, indicating a relationship between ECEC and the primary physicochemical properties of soil. This suggests that ECEC may influence the soil characteristics more effectively than CEC and could have a greater impact on soil fertility. (4) The primary exchangeable ions were Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, with soil CEC showing an extremely significant positive correlation with K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ (P<0.01). Furthermore, soil ECEC was significantly positively correlated with K⁺, and extremely significantly positively correlated with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ (P<0.01). Soil CEC was not correlated with mineral type, while ECEC was highly significantly negatively correlated with mineral type. The contents of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and K⁺ in soil exchangeable salt-based ions also had an effect on the contents of CEC and ECEC in soils of different mineral types.In this study, soil CEC was found to be extremely significantly negatively correlated with silt contents. Conversely, there was a highly significant positive correlation with clay contents. This indicates that in karst soil, finer soil particles contribute to a more compact structure, which enhances soil cation exchange and improves soil fertilizer retention quality. However, the fertilizer environment can limit the nutrient cycle between soil and crops. By adjusting the proportions of silt and clay in soil, it is possible to increase the CEC value and enhance soil fertility. Although no significant correlation was observed between ECEC and soil particle compositions, ECEC was found to be significantly positively correlated with soil pH, soil organic matter contents, exchangeable Ca²⁺ and exchangeable Mg²⁺. Additionally, it exhibited a highly significant negative correlation with soil mineral types, which better reflects the synergistic effects of soil fertility conservation and nutrient supply.
- cation exchange capacity /
- soil particle composition /
- limestone parent material

HTML

图 1 湖南省岩溶地貌分区图

Figure 1. Map of karst landform zoning in Hunan Province

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 石灰岩风化母质区示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 土壤矿物类型与CEC、机械组成的关系

Figure 3. Relationship between soil CEC, mechanical compositions and mineral types

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 土壤矿物组成与ECEC以及土壤颗粒组成的关系

Figure 4. Relationship between soil mineral compositions, ECEC and soil particle compositions

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 研究区土壤矿物类型占比

Figure 5. Percentages of soil mineral types in the study area

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 采样点概况

Table 1. Overview of sampling points

剖面号	地区	海拔/m	土地利用现状	土类^*	矿物类型
ZJJ01	张家界慈利县	124	灌木林地	铁质湿润雏形土	硅质混合型
ZJJ02	张家界慈利县	284	灌木林地	钙质湿润雏形土	硅质混合型
ZJJ03	张家界永定区	510	灌木林地	铁聚水耕人为土	硅质混合型
XX01	湘西永顺县	811	灌木林地	简育常湿淋溶土	伊利石混合型
XX04	湘西龙山县	1236	天然牧草地	简育常湿淋溶土	硅质混合型
XX05	湘西保靖县	365	针阔林地	铁质湿润淋溶土	伊利石混合型
XX09	湘西吉首市	606	水田	铁聚水耕人为土	硅质混合型
XX12	湘西龙山县	550	水田	铁聚水耕人为土	硅质混合型
CZ03	郴州宜章县	313	针阔林地	铁质湿润雏形土	高岭石型
CZ04	郴州临武县	404	灌木林地	铁质湿润淋溶土	高岭石混合型
CZ05	郴州嘉禾县	255	灌木林地	黏化湿润富铁土	高岭石型
CZ11	郴州桂阳县	205	水田	简育水耕人为土	硅质混合型
YZ03	永州道县	201	针阔林地	黏化湿润富铁土	高岭石型
YZ05	永州江华县	228	针阔林地	黏化湿润富铁土	高岭石混合型
YZ06	永州宁远县	290	针阔林地	黏化湿润富铁土	高岭石混合型
YZ08	永州新田县	380	针阔林地	黏化湿润富铁土	高岭石型
YZ10	永州祁阳县	117	水田	简育水耕人为土	硅质混合型
YZ11	永州零陵县	131	水田	潜育水耕人为土	伊利石混合型
HH11	怀化沅陵县	134	水田	简育水耕人为土	硅质混合型
SY02	邵阳武冈县	326	针阔林地	黏化湿润富铁土	混合型
SY04	邵阳城步苗族自治县	462	灌木林地	铁质湿润淋溶土	伊利石混合型
SY07	邵阳邵阳县	343	灌木林地	简育湿润富铁土	高岭石混合型
SY09	邵阳邵东县	320	针阔林地	铁质湿润淋溶土	高岭石型
SY11	邵阳邵东县	254	水田	简育水耕人为土	硅质混合型
SY12	邵阳武冈县	397	水田	简育水耕人为土	硅质混合型
SY13	邵阳邵阳县	259	水田	简育水耕人为土	硅质混合型
LD01	娄底涟源县	174	针阔林地	铝质湿润淋溶土	高岭石型
LD02	娄底新化县	440	针阔林地	钙质湿润淋溶土	混合型
LD03	娄底涟源县	224	耕地	铝质湿润雏形土	硅质混合型
LD05	娄底娄星县	146	水田	简育水耕人为土	硅质混合型
HY02	衡阳常宁县	92	针阔林地	黏化湿润富铁土	高岭石型
ZZ05	株洲炎陵县	263	灌木林地	黏化湿润富铁土	高岭石混合型
：表示土壤系统分类名称。 : The classification name of a soil system.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 研究区土壤理化参数统计特征值

Table 2. Statistical characteristics of soil physical and chemical parameters in the study area

指标		平均值	最大值	最小值	中值	变异系数
pH		5.46±1.41	7.97	3.46	5.57	0.26
容重/g·cm⁻³		1.30±0.22	1.75	0.86	1.33	0.17
有机质含量/g·kg⁻¹		19.65±15.74	100.92	1.93	14.99	0.8
CEC/cmol kg⁻¹		16.7±5.62	36.03	6.99	15.96	0.34
ECEC/cmol·kg⁻¹		8.86±3.75	20.88	2.91	8.48	0.42
机械组成	砂粒	118±101.64	555	0	87	0.87
	粉粒	441±174.54	790	103	468	0.4
	黏粒	44 1±193.92	879	123	369	0.44
全氮/g·kg⁻¹		1.10±0.63	3.67	0.18	0.92	0.57
全磷/g·kg⁻¹		0.49±0.30	1.74	0.09	0.44	0.60
全钾/g·kg⁻¹		14.20±5.48	31.14	2.87	13.74	0.39
交换性酸/cmol kg⁻¹		1.74±2.63	9.79	0.00	0.11	1.50
交换性盐基总量/cmol·kg⁻¹		7.12±4.75	20.88	0.32	6.55	0.67

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 土壤保肥能力分级方法

Table 4. Classification method for soil fertility retention capacity

土壤阳离子交换量 /cmol·kg⁻¹	土壤保肥能力	样本数
[20.0, ∞)	强	39
[15.4, 20.0)	较强	43
[10.5, 15.4)	中等	48
[6.2, 10.5)	弱	16
[0, 6.2)	很弱	0

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同矿物类型土壤基本土壤理化参数

Table 3. Basic soil physical and chemical parameters for soils of different mineral types

指标		平均值	最大值	最小值	中值	变异系数
硅质混合型	容重	1.32±0.21	1.74	0.86	1.34	0.16
	pH	6.86±0.75	7.97	4.54	6.96	0.11
	有机质	24.54±17.29	100.92	1.93	21.15	0.70
伊利石混合型	容重	1.24±0.13	1.42	0.91	1.27	0.11
	pH	6.37±1.06	7.90	5.24	5.86	0.17
	有机质	21.28±19.85	77.25	4.88	11.24	0.93
高岭石型	容重	1.28±0.21	1.75	0.93	1.29	0.16
	pH	5.44±0.64	6.74	4.38	5.28	0.12
	有机质	12.58±8.63	36.76	5.00	8.77	0.69
高岭石混合型	容重	1.37±0.10	1.55	1.20	1.36	0.08
	pH	5.86±0.53	6.85	5.07	5.82	0.09
	有机质	14.64±9.92	39.07	4.73	10.35	0.68
混合型	容重	1.36±0.08	1.45	1.22	1.38	0.06
	pH	5.88±1.27	7.65	4.75	5.34	0.22
	有机质	11.04±6.96	20.10	5.16	7.98	0.63

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 土壤交换性阳离子与其他因子相关性分析

Table 5. Correlation analysis of soil exchangeable cations with other factors

	CEC	ECEC
砂粒	−0.106	−0.008
粉粒	−0.420^**	0.048
黏粒	0.434^**	−0.039
容重	−0.282^**	−0.138
pH（水提）	−0.112	0.307^**
有机质	0.094	0.243^**
全氮（N）	0.142	0.132
全磷（P）	0.225^**	0.368^**
全钾（K）	0.207^*	0.183^*
交换性酸	0.290^**	−0.085
交换性H⁺	0.187^*	−0.101
交换性Al³⁺	0.287^**	−0.080
交换性K⁺	0.263^**	0.175^*
交换性Ca²⁺	0.272^**	0.801^**
交换性Mg²⁺	0.285^**	0.499^**
交换性Na⁺	0.121	0.004
交换性盐基总量	0.315**	0.836**
矿物类型	0.058	−0.217**
注：^P<0.05; ^P<0.01。 Note: P<0.05; **P <0.01.

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(46)

[1]	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析. 第3版[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2000.
[2]	胡梦颖, 张鹏鹏, 徐进力, 刘彬, 张灵火, 杜雪苗, 白金峰. CEC前处理系统-凯氏定氮仪快速测定土壤中的阳离子交换量[J]. 物探与化探, 2023, 47(2):458-463. HU Mengying, ZHANG Pengpeng, XU Jinli, LIU Bin, ZHANG Linghuo, DU Xuemiao, BAI Jinfeng. Rapid determination of soil cation exchange capacity using a cation exchange capacity pretreatment system and a Kjeldahl apparatus[J]. Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2023, 47(2): 458-463.
[3]	杨树俊, 韩张雄, 王思远, 端爱玲, 孙东年, 李敏. 土壤阳离子交换量与有机质, 机械组成的关系[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2023, 23(7):2799-2805. YANG Shujun, HAN Zhangxiong, WANG Siyuan, DUAN Ailing, SUN Dongnian, LI Min. The relationship between cation exchange capacity and organic matter, mechanical composition in soil[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2023, 23(7): 2799-2805.
[4]	岳祥飞, 李衍青, 刘鹏. 广西岩溶区灌木林地凋落物:土壤碳、氮、磷化学计量特征[J]. 中国岩溶, 2023, 42(5):1106-1116. YUE Xiangfei, LI Yanqing, LIU Peng. Stoichiometric characteristics of C, N and P in soil and litter of shrublands in karst areas of Guangxi[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(5): 1106-1116.
[5]	刘贺永, 何鹏, 蔡江平, 王汝振, 殷进飞, 杨山, 张玉革. 模拟氮沉降对内蒙古典型草地土壤 pH 和电导率的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2016, 47(1):85-91. LIU Heyong, HE Peng, CAI Jiangping, WANG Ruzhen, YIN Jinfei, YANG Shan, ZHANG Yuge. Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on soil pH and electric conductivity in a typical grassland of Inner Mongolia[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2016, 47(1): 85-91.
[6]	许安定, 周鑫斌, 苏婷婷, 张璐, 杨超, 谢德体, 石孝均. 土地整理对烟田土壤理化及生物学性状的影响[J]. 西南大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 38(3):156-164. XU Anding, ZHOU Xinbin, SU Tingting, ZHANG Lu, YANG Chao, XIE Deti, SHI Xiaojun. Effects of land consolidation on soil physical, chemical and biological properties on hilly land[J]. Journal of Southwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2016, 38(3): 156-164.
[7]	吴敏, 韦家少, 孙海东, 何鹏, 吴炳孙, 高乐. 生物质炭对橡胶园土壤酸度及交换性能的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2017, 19(3):98-107. WU Min, WEI Jiashao, SUN Haidong, HE Peng, WU Bingsun, GAO Le. Effects of biocarbon acidify and exchangeable capacity of the granite-derived ferralsol in rubber plantation[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2017, 19(3): 98-107.
[8]	陈秋帆, 卢琦, 王妍, 刘云根. 西南石漠化区林下土壤养分特征及差异性[J]. 中国岩溶, 2023, 42(2):290-300. CHEN Qiufan, LU Qi, WANG Yan, LIU Yungen. Nutrient characteristics and differences of forest soil in rocky desertification areas of Southwest China[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(2): 290-300.
[9]	王国梁, 周生路, 赵其国. 土壤颗粒的体积分形维数及其在土地利用中的应用[J]. 土壤学报, 2005, 42(4):545-550. WANG Guoliang, ZHOU Shenglu, ZHAO Qiguo. Volume fractal dimension of soil particles and its applications to land use[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2005, 42(4): 545-550.
[10]	杨培岭, 罗远培, 石元春. 用粒径的重量分布表征的土壤分形特征[J]. 科学通报, 1993, 38(20):1896-1899. doi: 10.1360/csb1993-38-20-1896
[11]	Tyler S W, Wheatcraft S W. Application of fractal mathematics to soil water retention estimation[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1989, 53(4): 987-996. doi: 10.2136/sssaj1989.03615995005300040001x
[12]	白永会, 查轩, 吴伟成, 周飞华. 植被恢复花岗岩红壤土壤颗粒组成及土壤养分储量特征[J]. 水土保持研究, 2024, 31(3):179-186. BAI Yonghui, ZHA Xuan, WU Weicheng, ZHOU Feihua. Characteristics of soil particle composition and soil nutrient storage in vegetated granite red soil[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2024, 31(3): 179-186.
[13]	Komeg K, Enangr K, Tabif O, Yerimabp K. Influence of clay minerals on some soil fertility attributes: A review[J]. Open Journal of Soil Science, 2019, 9(9): 155-188.
[14]	Ruehlmann J. Soil particle density as affected by soil texture and soil organic matter: 1. Partitioning of SOM in conceptional fractions and derivation of a variable SOC to SOM conversion factor[J]. Geoderma, 2020, 375: 114542.
[15]	Zhang J H, Li G D, Ding S Y, Tian H W, Ren X J, Liu M, Zheng Y P. Distribution characteristics of soil particles and their relationships with soil organic carbon components in the alluvial/ sedimentary zone in the lower reaches of the Yellow River[J]. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2022, 10: 849565.
[16]	黄尚书, 叶川, 钟义军, 成艳红, 武琳, 黄欠如, 郑伟, 孙永明, 张昆, 章新亮. 不同土地利用方式对红壤坡地土壤阳离子交换量及交换性盐基离子的影响[J]. 土壤与作物, 2016, 5(2):72-77. HUANG Shangshu, YE Chuan, ZHONG Yijun, CHENG Yanhong, WU Lin, HUANG Qianru, ZHENG Wei, SUN Yongming, ZHANG Kun, ZHANG Xinliang. Soil cation exchange capacity and exchangeable base cations as affected by land use pattern in sloping farmland of red soil[J]. Soils and Crops, 2016, 5(2): 72-77.
[17]	于耀泓, 刘悦, 王艺颖, 周庆, 龙凤玲, 赵倩, 何茜, 莫其锋. 鹅凰嶂山地雨林土壤阳离子交换量和交换性盐基离子分布特征[J]. 土壤通报, 2022, 53(6):1341-1349. YU Yaohong, LIU Yue, WANG Yiying, ZHOU Qing, LONG Fengling, ZHAO Qian, HE Qian, MO Qifeng. Distribution of soil cation exchange capacity and exchangeable based cations in the E'huangzhang montane rain forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2022, 53(6): 1341-1349.
[18]	陈萍, 何文寿. 不同盐化土壤理化性质差异研究[J]. 农业科学研究, 2016, 37(3):36-39. CHEN Ping, HE Wenshou. A study of soil physicochemical properties for different levels of salinization[J]. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 37(3): 36-39.
[19]	Caravaca F, Lax A, Albaladejo J. Organic matter, nutrient contents and cation exchange capacity in fine fractions from semiarid calcareous soils[J]. Geoderma, 1999, 93(3-4): 161-176. doi: 10.1016/S0016-7061(99)00045-2
[20]	张水清, 黄绍敏, 郭斗斗. 河南三种土壤阳离子交换量相关性及预测模型研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2011, 42(3):627-631. ZHANG Shuiqing, HUANG Shaomin, GUO Doudou. The correlations and prediction models of cation exchange capacity in three soils in Henan[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2011, 42(3): 627-631.
[21]	许冀泉. 国外土壤矿物学研究近况[J]. 干旱区研究, 1986(3):28-40.
[22]	姚乃慈, 赵旻爽, 张志丹, 张晋京, 何念鹏, 钟佳君. 不同气候带森林土壤粘粒矿物XRD物相分析[J]. 矿物学报, 2021, 41(6):668-678. YAO Naichi, ZHAO Minshuang, ZHANG Zhidan, ZHANG Jinjing, HE Nianpeng, ZHONG Jiajun. The XRD phase analysis of clay minerals in the forest soils of different climate zones[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2021, 41(6): 668-678.
[23]	刘智杰, 黄丽, 李峰, Ndzana Georges Martial, 周方亮, 李小坤, 鲁剑巍. 长期施肥对土壤颗粒粘粒矿物组成及其演变特征的影响[J]. 矿物学报, 2018, 39(5):563-571. LIU Zhijie, HUANG Li, LI Feng, Ndzana Georges Martial, ZHOU Fangliang, LI Xiaokun, LU Jianwei. Effect of long-term fertilization on the composition and evolution of clay minerals in soil particles[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2018, 39(5): 563-571.
[24]	Tsao T M, Chen Y M, Sheu H S, Zhuang S Y, Shao P H, Chen H W, Chiang K Y. Red soil chemistry and mineralogy reflect uniform weathering environments in fluvial sediments, Taiwan[J]. Journal of Soils & Sediments, 2012, 12: 1054-1065.
[25]	李丰义, 宋桂云, 张庆昕, 范富. 西辽河平原两种常见土壤颗粒中黏土矿物的组成特征[J]. 土壤通报, 2023, 54(5):1009-1016. LI Fengyi, SONG Guiyun, ZHANG Qingxin, FAN Fu. Composition characteristics of clay minerals from chestnut and saline soil particles in west Liaohe river plain[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2023, 54(5): 1009-1016.
[26]	杜森, 高祥照. 土壤分析技术规范 (第二版)[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2006.
[27]	张甘霖, 龚子同. 土壤调查实验室分析方法[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2012. ZHANG Ganlin, GONG Zitong. Soil survey laboratory methods[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2012.
[28]	童根平, 姜霓雯, 傅伟军, 叶正钱. 清凉峰自然保护区土壤阳离子交换量的剖面分布特征及其影响因素[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2023, 51(2): 111-115. TONG Genping, JIANG Niwen, FU Weijun, YE Zhengqian. Profile distribution characteristics and influencing factors of soil cation exchange capacity in Low Mountain Natural Forest Land in South China[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2023, 51(2): 111-115.
[29]	欧阳宁相. 湖南省典型红壤在土壤系统分类中的归属与发生特征[D]. 长沙:湖南农业大学, 2021. OUYANG Ningxiang. Attribution of typical red earth of Hunan Province in China soil taxonomy and their genetic characteristics[D]. Changsha: Hunan Agricultural University, 2021.
[30]	李海涛. 白皮沙拐枣根系与环境关系的初步研究[J]. 新疆农业大学学报, 1996, 19(1):56-61. LI Haitao. The preliminary study on the relation between Calligonum leucocladum and its environment[J]. Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University, 1996, 19(1): 56-61.
[31]	张佛熠, 承勇, 阳雅荧, 韦培, 金涛涛, 凌婉茹, 尹婕, 刘玮, 王琼. 南昌不同城市化强度土壤粒度组成和分形特征及其影响因素[J]. 土壤, 2023, 55(5):1138-1145. ZHANG Foyi, CHENG Yong, YANG Yaying, WEI Pei, JIN Taotao, LING Wanru, YIN Jie, LIU Wei, WANG Qiong. Particle size composition, fractal characteristics and influencing factors of soils with different urbanization intensities in Nanchang[J]. Soils, 2023, 55(5): 1138-1145.
[32]	彭新华, 张斌, 赵其国. 土壤有机碳库与土壤结构稳定性关系的研究进展[J]. 土壤学报, 2004, 41(4):618-623. doi: 10.11766/trxb200308110419 PENG Xinhua, ZHANG Bin, ZHAO Qiguo. A review on relationship between soil organic carbon pools and soil structure stability[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2004, 41(4): 618-623. doi: 10.11766/trxb200308110419
[33]	Gao G L, Ding G D, Zhao Y Y, Wu B, Zhang Y Q, Guo J B, Liu Y D. Characterization of soil particle size distribution with a fractal model in the desertified regions of Northern China[J]. Acta Geophysica, 2015, 64(1): 1-14.
[34]	朱梦雪, 赵洋毅, 王克勤, 段旭, 卢华兴, 涂晓云. 中亚热带不同演替森林群落土壤结构分形特征对大孔隙的影响[J]. 林业科学研究, 2022, 35(2):67-77. ZHU Mengxue, ZHAO Yangyi, WANG Keqin, DUAN Xu, LU Huaxing, TU Xiaoyun. Effect of fractal characteristics of soil structure on macropores in different succession forest communities in mid-subtropical region[J]. Forest Research, 2022, 35(2): 67-77.
[35]	周雷, 曲潇琳, 周涛, 马常宝, 李建兵, 龙怀玉, 徐爱国, 张认连, 李格. 宁夏土壤颗粒组成特点及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(21):4272-4287. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.21.011 ZHOU Lei, QU Xiaolin, ZHOU Tao, MA Changbao, LI Jianbing, LONG Huaiyu, XU Aiguo, ZHANG Renlian, LI Ge. Analysis of the characteristics and influencing factors of soil particle composition in Ningxia[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(21): 4272-4287. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.21.011
[36]	张世熔, 邓良基, 周倩, 伍国锋. 耕层土壤颗粒表面的分形维数及其与主要土壤特性的关系[J]. 土壤学报, 2002, 39(2):221-226. ZHANG Shirong, DENG Liangji, ZHOU Qian, WU Guofeng. Fractal dimensions of particle surface in the plowed layers and their relationships with main soil properties[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2002, 39(2): 221-226.
[37]	王文艳, 张丽萍, 刘俏. 黄土高原小流域土壤阳离子交换量分布特征及影响因子[J]. 水土保持学报, 2012, 26(5):123-127. WANG Wenyan, ZHANG Liping, LIU Qiao. Distribution and affecting factors of soil cation exchange capacity in watershed of the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2012, 26(5): 123-127.
[38]	王圣, 陈科希, 袁源远, 王泓汇, 魏宗强, 吴建富, 卢志红. 江西省旱地土壤质地与土壤化学性状的相关性研究[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2021(6):65-71. WANG Sheng, CHEN Kexi, YUAN Yuanyuan, WANG Honghui, WEI Zongqiang, WU Jianfu, LU Zhihong. Correlation between soil texture and soil chemical properties in dry land of Jiangxi Province[J]. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2021(6): 65-71.
[39]	杨家伟, 王天巍, 包莹莹, 罗梦雨, 李德成. 黏粒阳离子交换量估测模型的优化研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2021, 58(2):514-525. YANG Jiawei, WANG Tianwei, BAO Yingying, LUO Mengyu, LI Decheng. Optimization of the model for predicting cation exchange capacity of clays[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2021, 58(2): 514-525.
[40]	徐明岗, 张建新, 张航, 安战士. 黑垆土、黄褐土等土壤阳离子交换量影响因素的研究[J]. 土壤通报, 1991, 22(3):108-110, 127.
[41]	刘世全, 蒲王琳, 张世熔, 王昌全, 邓良基. 西藏土壤阳离子交换量的空间变化和影响因素研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2004, 18(5):1-5. LIU Shiquan, PU Wanglin, ZHANG Shirong, WANG Changquan, DENG Liangji. Spatial change and affecting factors of soil cation exchange capacity in Tibet[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2004, 18(5): 1-5.
[42]	俞月凤, 曾成城, 宋同清, 彭晚霞, 何铁光. 桂西北喀斯特区石灰土矿物质的空间变异特征[J]. 中国岩溶, 2023, 42(3):509-516, 527. YU Yuefeng, ZENG Chengcheng, SONG Tongqing, PENG Wanxia, HE Tieguang. Spatial variation of limestone soil minerals in a karst area of northwestern Guangxi[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(3): 509-516, 527.
[43]	赵之重. 青海省土壤阳离子交换量与有机质和机械组成关系的研究[J]. 青海农林科技, 2004(4):4-6. ZHAO Zhizhong. Study on relationship between organic matter, soil fractions and CEC in Qinghai soil[J]. Science and Technology of Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry, 2004(4): 4-6.
[44]	马毅杰. 土矿物和有机质对土壤胶体表面积影响[J]. 土壤, 1984, 16(1):31. MA Yijie. Effect of soil minerals and organic matter on soil colloidal surface area[J]. Soils, 1984, 16(1): 31.
[45]	蒋梅茵, 杨德涌, 熊毅. 中国土壤胶体研究:Ⅷ. 五种主要土壤的粘粒矿物组成[J]. 土壤学报, 1982, 19(1):62-70, 98. JIANG Meiyin, YANG Deyong, HSEUNG Yi. Soil colloid researches Ⅷ. The mineralogical composition of the colloids of five important soils in China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 1982, 19(1): 62-70, 98.
[46]	赵烨. 环境地学[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社, 2007.