The main eco-environmental problems and prevent measures within the watercourse-type fluctuation zone—A case in Chongqing reach of the Three Gorges Reservoir

With the Three Gorges Reservoir being completed, a watercourse-type fluctuation zone with up to 30m high fall is going to appear, which will bring about a large periodic wet lands ecosystem. According to the water-store planning of the Three Gorges Reservoir and the particular characteristics of the fluctuation zone, important eco-environmental issues, such as eutrophication caused by land use, the near shore pollution in back water area, and the water pollution by ship's navigation, are discussed in the paper. Furthermore, in light of the reason and spatial-temporal distribution as well as development tendency of the above problems, it is proposed that the following prevention and control measures should be adopted, to evaluate the suitability of land use in the fluctuation zone, to reclaim the land step by step, to establish ecologic protective barrier, to carry out controlling engineer to domestic sewage and industrial pollution and domestic garbage, and to develop environmentally friendly recycling eco-agriculture, as well as to establish monitoring and warning system for the eco-environment in the fluctuation zone through the 3S technique.