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Volume 45 Issue 2
Apr.  2026
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Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2026  >  45(2): 420-430, 442
ZHANG Qingyu, BA Junjie, JI Shaocong, LI Zhen. Study on the characteristics of Jurassic Buqu Formation carbonate paleokarst reserviors in the Qiangtang Basin[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 45(2): 420-430, 442. doi: 10.11932/karst20260208
Citation: ZHANG Qingyu, BA Junjie, JI Shaocong, LI Zhen. Study on the characteristics of Jurassic Buqu Formation carbonate paleokarst reserviors in the Qiangtang Basin[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 45(2): 420-430, 442. doi: 10.11932/karst20260208
shu

Study on the characteristics of Jurassic Buqu Formation carbonate paleokarst reserviors in the Qiangtang Basin

doi: 10.11932/karst20260208
  • 1.

    Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR/International Research Centre on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China

  • 2.

    Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo, Guangxi 531406, China

  • Received Date: 2025-04-03
  • Accepted Date: 2025-06-20
  • Rev Recd Date: 2025-05-13
    Abstract
  • The Qiangtang Basin, situated in the northern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, is China's largest Meso-Cenozoic marine sedimentary basin. Jurassic dolomite of the Buqu Formation are regarded as the basin's most promising hydrocarbon-bearing interval, yet their palaeokarst reservoir architecture and petrophysical distribution have not been quantified systematically. In this study, building on 1∶250, 000 regional geological maps and new fieldwork, we measured three detailed stratigraphic sections-two N-S and one E-W-across the Long'eni, Angda'ercuo and Sairen blocks, collected 171 fresh hand specimens, and carried out optical microscopy, casting-thin-section analysis, SEM observation, helium porosimetry and steady-state permeametry. Integrating outcrop and subsurface data, we characterised carbonate facies associations, reservoir space types and the coupling between petrophysical properties, stratigraphic packages and tectono-stratigraphic blocks.Results indicate that: (1) The Buqu Formation comprises two primary lithologies:limestone and dolomite. Limestones are subdivided into grain-supported, mud-supported, and bioconstruction types, while dolomite include silty-crystalline, fine-crystalline, medium- to coarse-crystalline, and calcareous varieties. (2) Reservoir spaces are classified into two main categories-pores and fractures-encompassing intercrystalline pores, intercrystalline dissolution pores, intercrystalline dissolution pores, vugs, structual fractures, dissolution seams, and pressure-solution seams.(3) Porosity ranges from 0.41% to 20.15%, with an average of 2.526%;the majority of samples fall between 1% and 5%, indicating predominantly low to ultra-low porosity. Permeability varies from 0.0002 × 10−3 to 64.58 × 10−3 μm2, with an average of 4.434 × 10−3 μm2, and most values are below 1× 10−3 μm2, reflecting low to ultra-low permwability.Based on porosity criteria, the carbonate reservoirs of the Buqu Formation in the study area are classified as Class Ⅲ (41.18%), representing high-quality palekarst hydorcarbon reservoirs.We further propose a refined palaeokarst layering scheme, quantitatively constrain low-porosity/low-permeability cut-offs, and evaluate reservoir heterogeneity, thereby providing target optimisation and parameter calibration for future horizontal drilling and integrated acidising−volumetric fracturing. These findings not only advance the carbonate-reservoir assessment framework for the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, but also offer a model for exploring complex karstification hydrocarbon systems in ultrahigh-elevation basins worldwide.

     

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