Advanced Search
  • Included in CSCD
  • Chinese Core Journals
  • Included in WJCI Report
  • Included in Scopus, CA, DOAJ, EBSCO, JST
  • The Key Magazine of China Technology
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2025  > Accepted Manuscript
JI Zhihao, CHEN Shiwan, WU Jiaoji, YU Huiyun, WU Pan, MA Lanjian. Field experiment on hydraulic channel sealing via grouting to prevent groundwater pollution in karst region[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA. doi: 10.11932/karst2025y021
Citation: JI Zhihao, CHEN Shiwan, WU Jiaoji, YU Huiyun, WU Pan, MA Lanjian. Field experiment on hydraulic channel sealing via grouting to prevent groundwater pollution in karst region[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA. doi: 10.11932/karst2025y021
shu

Field experiment on hydraulic channel sealing via grouting to prevent groundwater pollution in karst region

doi: 10.11932/karst2025y021
  • 1.

    College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China

  • 2.

    Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment(Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guiyang,Guizhou 550025, China

  • 3.

    Guizhou Jinxing Gold Mining Co., Ltd., Xingyi 562305, China

  • Received Date: 2025-01-01
  • Accepted Date: 2025-03-19
  • Rev Recd Date: 2025-03-14
    • Available Online: 2025-10-20
    Abstract
  • The karst regions in southwestern China are characterized by intense karstification, complex hydrogeological conditions, and well-developed karst conduits with pronounced spatial heterogeneity. These factors contribute to the inherent vulnerability of karst groundwater systems, rendering them highly susceptible to contamination. Additionally, large-scale mining activities in these areas generate substantial volumes of wastewater and waste materials, exacerbating groundwater pollution. Consequently, the development of scientific technologies for the prevention, control, and assessment of groundwater pollution is of significant importance. This study focuses on the Zimudang mining area in Guizhou Province, where curtain grouting experiments were conducted to seal identified karst conduits, targeting the dominant hydraulic pathways of groundwater contamination. Real-time in-situ monitoring using electrical resistivity methods was employed throughout the grouting process to evaluate the effectiveness of the sealing measures.The Zimudang depression is a critical surface water convergence area within the study region, where the converging surface water is transformed into groundwater through the K20 drainage cave located beneath a steep cliff on the northeastern side of the depression. Mining activities have compromised the water-blocking function of the F1 fault, altering the groundwater flow so that it converges toward the mined-out areas and mining tunnels. Within the mining area, the K20 drainage cave serves as a channel for the concentrated recharge of groundwater by atmospheric precipitation; once entering the K20 drainage cave, the principal karst hydraulic conduits extend roughly in an east−west direction. Taking into account the characteristics of subterranean river channels, topography, and surface structures, the curtain grouting test site was determined to be located in the northern part of the tailings pond. Drilling and borehole television surveys were conducted at the site, and analysis of core logs and borehole TV results confirmed significant karst development in the underlying strata, which serve as the dominant hydraulic pathways for groundwater contamination migration. To ensure that the grout solution adequately permeates and fills fractures and karst cavities, high-pressure intermittent grouting was adopted, with grouting performed sequentially from ZJ08 to ZJ01, followed by a second round after the injected grout cooled. Throughout the entire grouting process, high-density resistivity and transient electromagnetic methods were employed to monitor changes in formation resistivity.In this experiment, one high-density electrical measurement line and eleven transient electromagnetic measurement lines were deployed. Three electrode configurations—Wenner, dipole, and Schlumberger—were utilized, with measurement depths of 15 m, 15 m, and 17 m, respectively. All three configurations demonstrated a clear increase in formation resistivity within the grouted zone, with the low-resistivity regions adjacent to the boreholes exhibiting more pronounced improvements post-grouting. For instance, among the transient electromagnetic measurement survey lines (S3, S5, S7, S8, S10, and S11), significant increases in formation resistivity were observed in lines S3, S5, S7, and S8, indicating effective grouting and sealing. In contrast, lines S10 and S11 showed either negligible changes or a decrease in resistivity after grouting. This discrepancy is attributed to the fact that line S10 was situated beyond the grouting influence zone due to its distance from the grouting wells, while line S11 exhibited localized resistivity reductions, likely caused by the displacement of water from karst cavities and fractures as grout infiltrated these features. Analysis of the geophysical monitoring data revealed that the high-density electrical method is more suitable for detecting shallow resistivity variations in areas with limited terrain, whereas the transient electromagnetic method is more effective for characterizing deeper subsurface electrical properties.To quantitatively assess the grouting effectiveness, formation porosity was derived from resistivity measurements using Archie's formula. By comparing porosity variations before and after grouting, the grout diffusion area was delineated, and the effectiveness of blocking groundwater pollution pathways was evaluated. For instance, in measurement lines S3, S5, S7, and S8, the grout diffusion area within a 2-meter radius of the grouting wells ranged from 21.42 to 99.32 m2. The maximum reduction in formation porosity reached 65.7%, with an average porosity reduction of 39.9%. This study demonstrates that electrical resistivity monitoring enables real-time in-situ evaluation of the grouting sealing effectiveness in karst conduits. In addition, by converting resistivity data into formation porosity for quantitative analysis, it is possible to accurately delineate the grouting diffusion area and sealing range, thereby assessing whether key hydraulic pathways have been effectively sealed. This approach provides robust technical support for evaluating the performance of curtain grouting in blocking the dominant groundwater contamination pathways in karst regions.

     

    • FullText(HTML)
  • loading
    • References(37)
  • [1]
    吴华英, 李腾芳, 程瑞瑞, 黄奇波, 潘晓东. 我国岩溶地下水受污染的原因与污染特征[J]. 中国矿业, 2021, 30(S1): 101-104. doi: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.2021.S1.095

    WU Huaying, LI Tengfang, CHENG Ruirui, HUANG Qibo, PAN Xiaodong. Causes and characteristics of the pollution of karst groundwater in China[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2021, 30(S1): 101-104. doi: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.2021.S1.095
    [2]
    饶磊. 西南岩溶区某锶矿场地下水污染模拟及风险评价[D]. 重庆: 重庆师范大学, 2019

    RAO Lei. Numerical simulation and risk assessment of groundwater pollutants in a strontium mine in southwest karst area[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing Normal University, 2019.
    [3]
    夏冰, 高红远, 徐良才, 徐超, 易素娟. 金属矿区地下水污染防治技术研究[J]. 中国金属通报, 2022(10): 1-3. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1667.2022.10.001

    XIA Bing, GAO Hongyuan, XU Liangcai, XU Chao, YI Sujuan. Research on techniques for preventing and controlling groundwater pollution in metal mining areas[J]. China Metal Bulletin, 2022(10): 1-3. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-1667.2022.10.001
    [4]
    王爽. 金属矿区地下水污染防治措施研究[J]. 清洗世界, 2024, 40(8): 1-3. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-8909.2024.08.060

    WANG Shuang. Research on prevention and control measures for groundwater pollution in metal mining areas[J]. Cleaning World, 2024, 40(8): 1-3. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-8909.2024.08.060
    [5]
    张豪哲, 李文, 杜明泽, 姜鹏, 李江华. 闭坑矿山地下水污染防治技术研究现状和展望[J]. 煤炭工程, 2022, 54(11): 170-176.

    ZHANG Haozhe, LI Wen, DU Mingze, JIANG Peng, LI Jianghua. Progress and prospect of groundwater pollution control technology for closed mine[J]. Coal Engineering, 2022, 54(11): 170-176.
    [6]
    LI shucai, Qi Yanhai, Li Zhaofeng, LI Haiyan, ZHANG Jian. A novel treatment method and construction technology of the pipeline gushing water geohazards in karst region[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2021, 113: 103939. doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2021.103939
    [7]
    Yushan ZHU, Xiaoling WANG, Wenlong CHEN, Hui GUO, Dong LI. A variable weight-based interval type-2 fuzzy rough comprehensive evaluation method for curtain grouting efficiency assessment[J]. Neural Computing and Applications, 2022, 34: 7851-7879. doi: 10.1007/s00521-021-06864-0
    [8]
    Tzu-Pin WANG, Yao-Tsung CHEN, Chien-Chih CHEN, Tien-Hsing TUNG, Shih-Nan CHENG, Chun-Yi YU. Application of cross-hole electrical resistivity tomography to groundwater contaminated remediation site[J]. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 2020, 31: 507-521. doi: 10.3319/TAO.2019.06.17.01
    [9]
    段乔文, 俞富有, 张天柏, 何伟, 段春林. 滇东高原罗平湾子水库岩溶渗漏机理及库外补漏设想[J]. 中国岩溶, 2022, 41(2): 287-297. doi: 10.11932/karst20220209

    DUAN Qiaowen, YU Fuyou, ZHANG Tianbai, HE Wei, DUAN Chunlin. Karst leakage and its sealing at Wanzi reservoir in Luoping county on the plateau of eastern Yunnan[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2022, 41(2): 287-297. doi: 10.11932/karst20220209
    [10]
    朱健玲, 赵学付, 施展华, 柯平超. 地下水抽出处理技术在离子型稀土矿山的工程应用[J]. 有色金属(冶炼部分), 2022(2): 60-68,82.

    ZHU Jianling, ZHAO Xuefu, SHI Zhanhua, KE Pingchao. Application of groundwater pumping treatment technology in ion-type rare earth mine[J]. Nonferrous Metals(Extractive Metallurgy), 2022(2): 60-68,82.
    [11]
    赵江. 层状非均质粘性土防污性能研究及固废原位处置的地下水污染防控系统构建[D]. 武汉: 中国地质大学, 2019.

    ZHAO Jiang. Study on antifouling property of layered heterogeneous clay soil and construction of groundwater pollution control system for in-situ disposal of solid waste[D]. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), 2019.
    [12]
    向甲甲. 水泥土阻隔墙阻控地下水污染[J]. 环境工程, 2021, 39(9): 63-68,91.

    XIANG Jiajia. Groundwater pollution control by cement soil barrier wall[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2021, 39(9): 63-68,91.
    [13]
    陶望雄, 贾朋涛. 矿山帷幕注浆与水利工程基岩帷幕灌浆的差异性探讨[J]. 现代矿业, 2020, 36(5): 82-84,102. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6082.2020.05.023

    TAO Wangxiong, JIA Pengtao. Discussion on the difference of curtain grouting in mine and curtain grouting in hydraulic engineering[J]. Modern Mining, 2020, 36(5): 82-84,102. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6082.2020.05.023
    [14]
    程峰, 苏夏征, 周洁军, 郭尚其. 岩溶区尾矿库渗漏机理与综合防治技术: 以环江北山铅锌矿尾矿库为例[J]. 中国岩溶, 2017, 36(2): 242-247.

    CHENG Feng, SU Xiazheng, ZHOU Jiejun, GUO Shangqi. Leakage mechanism and comprehensive prevention control technology of tailing pond in karst areas[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2017, 36(2): 242-247.
    [15]
    丁冠涛, 刘玉仙, 孙中瑾, 韩昱, 张学斌, 刘玉想, 魏善明, 曹光明, 江露露. 北方某废弃矿区地下水污染帷幕注浆应急处置研究[J]. 地质学报, 2019, 93(S1): 291-300. doi: 10.1111/1755-6724.14101

    DING Guantao, LIU Yuxian, SUN Zhongjin, HAN Yu, ZHANG Xuebin, LIU Yuxiang, WEI Shanming, CAO Guangming, JIANG Lulu. Emergency disposal of groundwater contamination curtain grouting in an abandoned mining area in North China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2019, 93(S1): 291-300. doi: 10.1111/1755-6724.14101
    [16]
    汤振, 蒋小珍, 陈立根, 雷明堂, 马骁, 吴晟堂. 龙门县某石灰岩采石场帷幕止水工程及注浆效果评价[J]. 中国岩溶, 2022, 41(1): 47-58. doi: 10.11932/karst20220102

    TANG Zhen, JIANG Xiaozhen, CHEN Ligen, LEI Mingtang, MA Xiao, WU Shengtang. Groundwater sealing by grouting curtain technique and its grouting effect evaluation of a limestone quarry in Longmen county[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2022, 41(1): 47-58. doi: 10.11932/karst20220102
    [17]
    何桥, 朱代强, 郑克勋, 朱建耘, 黄勇. 深埋特长隧道岩溶高压涌水灌浆封堵技术研究与实践[J]. 中国岩溶, 2019, 38(4): 488-495. doi: 10.11932/karst20190403

    HE Qiao, ZHU Daiqiang, ZHENG Kexun, ZHU Jianyun, HUANG Yong. Application of grouting sealing technology on karst high-pressure water inrush in a deep-buried extra-long tunnel[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2019, 38(4): 488-495. doi: 10.11932/karst20190403
    [18]
    Shichong YUAN, Bangtao SUN, Guilei HAN, Weiqiang DUAN, Zhixiu WANG. Application and Prospect of Curtain Grouting Technology in Mine Water Safety Management in China: A Review[Z]: Water: 1-16.
    [19]
    郎君, 刘正武. 基于探测技术的底板构造区注浆加固效果评价[J]. 中国测试, 2022, 48(7): 163-168.

    LANG Jun, LIU Zhengwu. Evaluation of the grouting reinforcement effect in the bottom plate structure area based on the detection technology[J]. China Measurement & Test, 2022, 48(7): 163-168.
    [20]
    赵文, 邵红旗. 深部采空区注浆效果即时检测方法[J]. 煤炭学报, 2021, 46(S2): 621-628.

    ZHAO Wen, SHAO Hongqi. Instant detection method of grouting effect in deep mine goaf[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2021, 46(S2): 621-628.
    [21]
    闫福根, 邹德兵, 闵征辉, 肖伟. 基于模糊综合评价的岩溶帷幕灌浆效果分析[J]. 人民长江, 2023, 54(5): 182-188.

    YAN Fugen, ZOU Debing, MIN Zhenghui, XIAO Wei. Effect analysis of karst curtain grouting based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method[J]. Yangtze River, 2023, 54(5): 182-188.
    [22]
    孔雅茜. 南方某石灰石矿矿坑涌水治理效果评价[J]. 中国矿业, 2024, 33(S1): 392-396,408. doi: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.20240731

    KONG Yaxi. Evaluation of water inrush control effect of a limestone mine in South China[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2024, 33(S1): 392-396,408. doi: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.20240731
    [23]
    曾荣福, 郑克勋, 王钦权. 岩溶水库渗透破坏型渗漏勘察与评价[J]. 中国岩溶, 2023, 42(1): 119-127. doi: 10.11932/karst2021y29

    ZENG Rongfu, ZHENG Kexun, WANG Qinquan. Investigation and evaluation of the leakage caused by seepage failure in karst reservoir[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(1): 119-127. doi: 10.11932/karst2021y29
    [24]
    易世友, 焦恒, 周长松, 高峰, 陈涛. 基于“三源模式”的岩溶地下河区污染场地修复治理: 以遵义坪桥地下河系统为例[J]. 中国岩溶, 2023, 42(4): 648-661.

    YI Shiyou, JIAO Heng, ZHOU Changsong, GAO Feng, CHEN Tao. Remediation of polluted sites in the typical area of karst underground river based on "Three-Source Model" : A case study in the Pingqiao underground river system, Zunyi, China[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(4): 648-661.
    [25]
    刘琴, 刘文芳. 我国地下水污染治理技术研究综述[J]. 中国矿业, 2016, 25(S2): 158-162. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4051.2016.z2.041

    LIU Qin, LIU Wenfang. Review on the groundwater pollution treatment technology in China[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2016, 25(S2): 158-162. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4051.2016.z2.041
    [26]
    许增光, 熊伟, 柴军瑞, 线美婷, 王彦召. 隧道裂隙突涌水过程中注浆技术研究进展及展望[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 2021, 32(2): 185-193,201. doi: 10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2021.02.27

    XU Zengguang, XIONG Wei, CHAI Junrui, XIAN Meiting, WANG Yanzhao. Research progress and prospect of grouting techniques in tunnel fissure water inrush process[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering, 2021, 32(2): 185-193,201. doi: 10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2021.02.27
    [27]
    崔萌, 杨虹, 卢志坤, 吴薇, 娄雅琢. 垃圾处理场所地下水污染监测方法研究: 以北天堂简易垃圾填埋场为例[J]. 四川环境, 2022, 41(4): 225-231.

    CUI Meng, YANG Hong, LU Zhikun, WU Wei, LOU Yazhuo. Study on monitoring method of groundwater pollution in garbage disposal sites: Take the North Paradise simple landfill for example[J]. Sichuan Environment, 2022, 41(4): 225-231.
    [28]
    王泽群, 章林. 复杂富水环境下帷幕注浆工程布设及工艺优化[J]. 金属矿山, 2014(9): 26-29.

    WANG Zequn, ZHANG Lin. Curtain grouting layout and process optimization under complex water-rich environment[J]. Metal Mine, 2014(9): 26-29.
    [29]
    黄刚, 余国锋, 韩云春, 罗勇, 任波, 赵靖, 徐一帆, 高银贵, 贺世芳. 采煤工作面导水通道电法智能监测技术应用研究[J]. 煤炭工程, 2024, 56(2): 92-98.

    HUANG Gang, YU Guofeng, HAN Yunchun, LUO Yong, REN Bo, ZHAO Jing, XU Yifan, GAO Yingui, HE Shifang. Application of electrical intelligent monitoring technology for water-conducting channel in coal face[J]. Coal Engineering, 2024, 56(2): 92-98.
    [30]
    周宝生. 基于PRB的东武水源地污染治理效果研究[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2022

    ZHOU Baosheng. Research on the effect of Dongwu water source pollution treatment based on PRB[D]. Taian: Shandong Agricultural University, 2022.
    [31]
    李睿. 尖山磷矿帷幕注浆过程参数控制优化及注浆效果评价[D]. 昆明理工大学, 2023

    LI Rui. Process parameters control optimization and grouting effect evaluation of curtain grouting in Jianshan phosphate mine[D]. Kunming: University of Science and Technology, 2023.
    [32]
    Robert Duda, Stanisław Mżyk, Jan Farbisz, Grzegorz Bania. Investigating the Pollution range in groundwater in the vicinity of a tailings disposal site with vertical electrical soundings[J]. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2019, 29: 101-110. doi: 10.15244/pjoes/100478
    [33]
    王程, 李博凡, 吴璋, 鲁晶津. 孔间电阻率监测在注浆效果检测的应用研究[J]. 工矿自动化, 2023, 49(10): 127-132,159.

    WANG Cheng, LI Bofan, WU Zhang, LU Jingjin. Research on the application of inter hole resistivity monitoring in grouting effect detection[J]. Journal of Mine Automation, 2023, 49(10): 127-132,159.
    [34]
    田浪. 岩溶山区闭坑和生产矿山三维地质建模及其在地下水污染防治应用研究[D]. 贵阳: 贵州大学, 2023

    TIAN Lang. Study on 3D geological modeling of closed pit and production mine in Karst Mountain area and its application in groundwater pollution prevention and control[D]. Guiyang: Guizhou University, 2023.
    [35]
    马蓝建, 陈世万, 田浪, 余会云, 吴攀. 岩溶区矿山地下水通道精细探查与地质模型构建[J]. 水利水电技术(中英文), 2025, 56(1): 1-15.

    MA Lanjian, CHEN Shiwan, TIAN Lang, YU Huiyun, WU Pan. The study on the groundwater pathway exploration and the geological model construction of the mine in karst area[J]. Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 2025, 56(1): 1-15.
    [36]
    张志松. 阿尔奇公式的理论本原[J]. 地球物理学进展, 2020, 35(4): 1514-1522. doi: 10.6038/pg2020DD0408

    ZHANG Zhisong. Theoretical roots of Archie formulas[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2020, 35(4): 1514-1522. doi: 10.6038/pg2020DD0408
    [37]
    杨克兵, 王竞飞, 马凤芹, 唐海洋, 潘雪峰. 阿尔奇公式的适用条件分析及对策[J]. 天然气与石油, 2018, 36(2): 58-63. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5539.2018.02.010

    YANG Kebing, WANG Jinfei, MA Fengqin, TANG Haiyang, PAN Xuefeng. Analysis and countermeasures about applicable conditions of Archie's Formula[J]. Natural Gas and Oil, 2018, 36(2): 58-63. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5539.2018.02.010
    • Relative Articles
    • Supplements(0)
    • Cited By
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索
    Get Citation
    PDF(10462.0KB)
    XML

    Article Metrics

    Article views (32) PDF downloads(8) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    Website Copyright © CARSOLOGICA SINICA 桂ICP备05009877号-1

    Sponsor: Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Sponsored by: Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Address: No.50, Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi

    Post Code: 541004 Tel: 0773-5812949 7796657 Email: zgyr@mail.cgs.gov.cn; zgyrbjb@163.com

    Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co., Ltd.    

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return