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Volume 42 Issue 3
Jun.  2023
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Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2023  >  42(3): 590-602
Zulisaisi, YANG Xunlin, WANG Yong, HU Mingguang, XU Yibin. Climatic and environmental changes during Heinrich 6 recorded by δ13C in stalagmites from Jinfo Cave, Chongqing[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 42(3): 590-602. doi: 10.11932/karst2023y008
Citation: Zulisaisi, YANG Xunlin, WANG Yong, HU Mingguang, XU Yibin. Climatic and environmental changes during Heinrich 6 recorded by δ13C in stalagmites from Jinfo Cave, Chongqing[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 42(3): 590-602. doi: 10.11932/karst2023y008
shu

Climatic and environmental changes during Heinrich 6 recorded by δ13C in stalagmites from Jinfo Cave, Chongqing

doi: 10.11932/karst2023y008
  • 1.

    School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University / National Observation and Research Station of Karst Ecosystem in Jinfo Mountain of Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China

  • 2.

    Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, Chongqing 400715, China

  • 3.

    Nanchuan Field Scientific Observation & Research Base of Karst Eco-environment, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China, Chongqing 400715, China

  • Received Date: 2022-06-20
    Available Online: 2023-02-28
    Abstract
  • Of the six Heinrich events (H event for short) occurring during the last glacial period, H6 event has been less studied due to its earliest occurrence time. However, using high-resolution stalagmite records to study climate and environmental changes during H6 event can help people understand the response of climate change at high and low latitudes to the H events. In recent years, much progress has been made in terms of studies on paleoclimate and environmental changes with use of stalagmite δ13C records. Besides, some stalagmite δ13C records have been used to study the climate change of the events on a millennium scale during the last glacial period, but there is no detailed record of the high-resolution climate change in Southwest China during the H6 event. In this case, the JF2017 stalagmite δ13C may provide an excellent proxy for exploring the climate and environmental change during H6 event. Based on the dating data of uranium series and carbon isotope data of JF2017 stalagmite in Jinfo Cave, we analyzed the climate significance indicated by stalagmite δ13C, and reconstructed the evolution process of the monsoon climate environment in Southwest China during H6 event.Developed from the Jinfo-Yangzi Cave system, Jinfo Cave is located in Jinfo Mountain, Nanchuan district, Chongqing, Southwest China, with an altitude of 2,080 m. The Jinfo Mountain area belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate, which is jointly affected by the Indian Summer Monsoon and the East Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM). In this study, the age samples of stalagmites were tested by Neptune Plus Multi-receiver Plasma Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS), and the carbon isotopes of stalagmites were tested by Delta-V-Plus gas isotope ratio mass spectrometer and carbonate automatic sampling device Kiel-IV online. The experimental results are based on Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (V-PDB) with δ13C experimental analysis error<0.06 ‰(2σ). According to data analysis, the variation range of stalagmite JF2017 δ13C is from -1.44 ‰ to -4.92 ‰, with an average value of -3.40 ‰. JF2017 stalagmite δ13C fluctuates significantly, and change amplitude is -3.48 ‰. JF2017 stalagmite δ13C records show that the value mainly presents a negative-positive-negative-positive trend during the period of 63,000-58,000 a B.P. Due to the complex influence factors of stalagmite δ13C, we compared JF2017 stalagmite δ13C records with JFYK7 stalagmite δ18O records in Yangkou Cave which belongs to the same cave system as Jinfo Cave in order to further analyze the climate significance of stalagmite JF2017 δ13C. The comparison indicates a similar variation between the stalagmite stable isotope records of Yangkou Cave and JF2017 stalagmite δ13C records. Through previous research, JFYK7 stalagmite δ18O is indicative of variations in ASM intensity, and the positive shift in stalagmite δ18O corresponds to weakened ASM. In this study, we observed that the stalagmite JF2017 δ13C value was slightly positive, corresponding to the positive JFYK7 stalagmite δ18O. Therefore, under the background of weakening ASM, JF2017 stalagmite δ13C records can reflect the change of ecological environment caused by the change of regional hydrological climate. In addition, the comparison between JF2017 stalagmite and the stalagmites from other caves indicate that JF2017 stalagmite δ13C records were comparable with other climate records during H6 event. From 61,811 a B.P.to 60,848 a B.P., the values gradually became heavier, reaching to the maximum, and then fluctuated on a short-time scale. Finally, from 60,848 a B.P. to 59,716 a B.P., they became slightly lighter to the end of H6 event. The comparison between JF2017 stalagmite δ13C and other relevant records in the rest of the world shows fluctuations in the stalagmite δ13C record, so do the corresponding ITCZ and AMOC.This study shows that the stalagmite JF2017 δ13C value was significantly heavier during the 61,811 ± 204 a B.P.-59,716 ± 159 a B.P. period, lasting for about 2,095 a, which may suggest that the monsoon weakened and the ecological vegetation degraded during this period. This result corresponds to the North Atlantic H6 event. During H6 event, stalagmite JF2017 δ13C records became heavy to the maximum value during the period of 61,811-60,848 a B.P., followed by the fluctuation change on the short-time scale. During the period of 60,848-59,716 a B.P., the values slowly became lighter to the end of the H6 event. The trend of becoming light after a gradual increase of weight and a climate shock inside on a centennial scale indicate that the local climate was unstable during H6 event. The monsoon climate change on a centennial scale recorded by stalagmite JF2017 may be closely related to the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC).

     

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