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Volume 42 Issue 1
Feb.  2023
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Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2023  >  42(1): 52-60
YANG Hui, ZHU Tongbin, WU Xia, WU Huaying, TANG Wei, LAN Gaoyong, Christoph Müller. Effects of short-term planting of sugar orange on soil gross nitrogen conversion in karst area[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 42(1): 52-60. doi: 10.11932/karst2023y005
Citation: YANG Hui, ZHU Tongbin, WU Xia, WU Huaying, TANG Wei, LAN Gaoyong, Christoph Müller. Effects of short-term planting of sugar orange on soil gross nitrogen conversion in karst area[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 42(1): 52-60. doi: 10.11932/karst2023y005
shu

Effects of short-term planting of sugar orange on soil gross nitrogen conversion in karst area

doi: 10.11932/karst2023y005
  • 1.

    Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China

  • 2.

    Department of Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany

  • Received Date: 2021-02-26
    Available Online: 2023-02-14
    Abstract
  • The soil developed from carbonatite is rich in calcium and magnesium, with high pH and heavy soil viscosity in karst area. Therefore, the nitrogen conversion process of calcareous soil in karst area is different from other zonal soil. The study area is a typical karst area. With a subtropical monsoon climate in this area, its annual temperature, precipitation and evaporation averages 19.8 ℃, 1,860 mm, and 1,038-1,566 mm, respectively. The rainy season mainly occurs from April to July. Because the study area is mainly covered with hills, thus leading to soil shortage. In order to alleviate poverty, local people reclaim hillsides to plant sugar oranges to increase economic income, during which the change of land use will affect the process of soil nitrogen conversion.The study of soil nitrogen conversion process under different land use modes is of great significance for understanding soil nitrogen cycle, evaluating soil nitrogen supply capacity and availability, and guiding crop planting. However, there are few studies on soil nitrogen conversion of sugar oranges in karst area. In this paper, the 15N tracing technique combined with MCMC numerical model was used to study the conversion of soil gross nitrogen and its influencing factors in the karst area where arbor-bush have been converted to sugar oranges for 4 years. This study aims to provide a scientific basis for soil nitrogen supply capacity and ecological environment evaluation in karst area.The results showed that the mineralization rate of organic nitrogen decreased significantly from 2.93 mg N·kg−1· d−1 to 0.60 mg N·kg−1 d−1 during the conversion of arbor-bush to sugar orange. The mineralization rate of organic nitrogen showed a significant positive correlation with soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and calcium content, and a negative correlation with iron, aluminum, potassium and the proportion of clay. The ammonium nitrogen assimilation rate by microorganism significantly reduced from 1.76 mg N·kg−1· d−1 to 0.10 mg N·kg−1· d−1, and the ratio of ammonium nitrogen assimilation rate by microorganism to the mineralization rate of organic nitrogen was 0.17 in the soil of sugar orange. The autotrophic nitrification rate was as high as 11.06 mg N·kg−1·d−1 in the soil of arbor-bush, while the rate of nitrate dissimilation reduction was only 0.64 mg N·kg−1·d−1 in which the nitrate nitrogen microbial assimilation hardly occurred, resulting in the net nitrate production rate of 10.42 mg N·kg−1·d−1. The autotrophic nitrification rate significantly reduced to 1.68 mg N·kg−1·d−1 due to the decrease of soil ammonium concentration and soil acidification caused by fertilizer application. The heterotrophic nitrification rate hardly occurs, and inorganic nitrogen supply capacity is mainly determined by organic nitrogen mineralization rate in karst area. The mineralization rate of organic nitrogen decreased significantly, and the soil inorganic nitrogen supply capacity was weakened during the conversion of arbor-bush to sugar orange. The soil organic nitrogen mineralization rate was related to the content of organic carbon and total nitrogen and agricultural management measures. Since the use of nitrogen fertilizer accelerated soil acidification, the release of iron and aluminum in soil affected the activity and quantity of microorganisms, which resulted in the decrease of soil organic nitrogen mineralization rate. The assimilation rate of ammonium nitrogen significantly decreased and the retention ability of soil nitrogen was weakened in karst area. The rate of autotrophic nitrification decreased significantly, and the net rate of nitrate nitrogen production decreased after the land use change. In general, soil nitrogen retention capacity was poor in karst area. Due to the reduction of nitrification substrate in agricultural activities, the leaching risk of soil nitrate nitrogen is weakened, which led to the weakening of soil nitrogen supply capacity.

     

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