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Volume 41 Issue 6
Dec.  2022
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Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2022  >  41(6): 905-914
XUE Mingming, CHEN Xuejun, SONG Yu, GAO Xiaotong, LI Hui, GAN Xiaohui, ZHANG Mingzhi, PAN Zongyuan, TANG Lingming. A study on collapse law of soil cave with different rainfall rates based on FLAC3D[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 41(6): 905-914. doi: 10.11932/karst20220605
Citation: XUE Mingming, CHEN Xuejun, SONG Yu, GAO Xiaotong, LI Hui, GAN Xiaohui, ZHANG Mingzhi, PAN Zongyuan, TANG Lingming. A study on collapse law of soil cave with different rainfall rates based on FLAC3D[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 41(6): 905-914. doi: 10.11932/karst20220605
shu

A study on collapse law of soil cave with different rainfall rates based on FLAC3D

doi: 10.11932/karst20220605
  • 1.

    Guangxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China

  • 2.

    Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/ Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China

  • 3.

    Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China

  • Received Date: 2021-09-27
    Available Online: 2023-01-06
    Abstract
  • Frequent heavy rainfall can lead to large-scale collapse of karst soil caves. Quaternary strata are widely distributed in the karst area of Lingui district, Guilin City, among which the subsidence area of the silty clay overlay with a one-dimensional structure formed by the Upper Pleistocene alluvial-pluvial layer Q3al-pl under the action of heavy rainfall is the largest in the collapse area of the entire study area. This subsidence area accounts for the largest proportion, posing a huge risk on security to the people. Heavy rainfall has aroused extensive attention and research on the collapse law of karst soil caves. Many scholars have revealed the mechanism of rainfall collapse, the effect laws of erosion, and water level fluctuations in the process of karst collapse from qualitative and quantitative perspectives. In order to better explore the collapse law of soil caves of different sizes with different rainfall rates, a generalized geological model was constructed for the study area, and the calculation models of karst soil caves of different sizes were established in the modeling software Rhino. Besides, the FLAC3D finite difference software was used to simulate the infiltration process of heavy rainfall with different rainfall rates. In this study, a karst calculation model—Mohr-Coulomb constitution and the parameters of physical and mechanical properties of the overlaying soil layer were firstly assigned. Then, the boundary conditions, the rainfall rate, the superimposed force field and the flow field were set to reproduce the cloud map of changes in stress, displacement and plastic zone during the evolution of karst soil caves in the process of heavy rainfall infiltration. The numerical simulation results show that, (1) Under the condition of heavy rainfall, the maximum displacements of soil caves with different diameters all appear at the top of the cave. With the same rainfall rate, the larger the diameter of the soil cave is, the faster the growth rate of vertical displacement becomes. The increase of rainfall rate may result in obvious increase of vertical displacement, and the vertical displacement of the cave top is positively proportional to the size of the soil cave. (2) Given the same rainfall rate, the expansion of the soil cave diameter has caused the further expansion of the shear failure area at the bottom of the soil cave. The overlying soil layer is mainly subjected to subsurface erosion in the early stage of heavy rainfall. When the rainfall rate is accelerated, the water-hammer gas explosion of the overlying soil caused by the violent fluctuation of the water level at the bottom of the soil cave becomes the dominant effect. The shear failure rate is accelerated, and the shear strain at the toe of the cave increases significantly. When the diameter of the soil cave reaches 3 m, the water level fluctuates more and more violently, which accelerates the destruction of the overlying soil layer. (3) The change of rainfall rate poses, in different degrees, the influence on the development range of plastic zone in the soil cave. In the soil cave with a larger diameter, the development range of plastic zoon is significantly expanded with the accelerated rainfall rate. The size of the soil cave and the speed of rainfall have a great influence on the stability of the overlying soil layer. These results provide a basis for the quantitative study of the relationship between heavy rainfall and collapse of the overlying soil, which is crucial to effective and reasonable warning to karst collapse.

     

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