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Volume 41 Issue 1
Feb.  2022
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Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2022  >  41(1): 143-152
CUI Yingfang,ZHAO Kan,SHAO Xiaohua,et al.Mechanism of Asian monsoon precipitation variation and solar activity on a century time scale over the past 1，000 years[J].Carsologica Sinica,2022,41(01):143-152. doi: 10.11932/karst20220108
Citation: CUI Yingfang,ZHAO Kan,SHAO Xiaohua,et al.Mechanism of Asian monsoon precipitation variation and solar activity on a century time scale over the past 1，000 years[J].Carsologica Sinica,2022,41(01):143-152. doi: 10.11932/karst20220108
shu

Mechanism of Asian monsoon precipitation variation and solar activity on a century time scale over the past 1，000 years

doi: 10.11932/karst20220108
  • 1.

    Nanjing Institute of Tourism and Hospitality， Nanjing， Jiangsu 211100， China

  • 2.

    Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment， Ministry of Education， School of Geography， Nanjing Normal University， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210023， China

  • 3.

    Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210023， China

  • 4.

    School of Geographical Sciences， Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210044， China

Funds:

 41702180, 41572151, 42071105

  • Received Date: 2021-03-16
  • Publish Date: 2022-02-25
    Abstract
  • The relationship between solar activity and the earth’s climate system has always been the research focus in global change， but the knowledge of the dynamic linkage between them is still insufficient. Here we provide 230Th dating in high precision and high-resolution stalagmite δ18O records from Dongge cave to explore the relationship between Asian summer monsoon precipitation， Northern hemisphere temperature and solar activity during the last 1，000 years.Dongge cave （25º17′N， 108º05′E； 680 m above sea level） is located in Guizhou Province， Southwest China. Densely-forested vegetation at the cave and in its surrounding area consists primarily of evergreen broadleaved plants. The annual air temperature in the cave averages is 15.6 ºC. The annual precipitation near Dongge cave is an average of 1，753 mm. Modern climate reveals that this study site is strongly influenced by the Asian Summer Monsoon （ASM）. Most of the annual rainfall （80%） occurs during the rainy season （from May to October） when the convective monsoon rainfall prevails， while much less precipitation （20%） occurs during the dry season （fromNovember to April）.Samples DX1 and DX2 are respectively 174 mm and 127 mm in length. Each of the stalagmites has a diameter ranging between 55 mm and 90 mm. The two samples were halved along their growth axes， and then polished. Regular annual laminations can be observed under the microscope. Within statistical error， three duplicate counts along different transects yielded a total of 1，139 bands （777 ± 30 for DX1 and 362 ± 10 for DX2）. In addition， the 230Th dating results show that sub-samples have high uranium concentrations （1.6-3 ppm） and low initial thorium contents （40-600 ppt）， leading to small dating errors （ranging from ± 7-18 years）. Therefore， the isotope chronology is based on both U-Th dating and annual growth band count.The DX1 and DX2 δ18O profiles， both with an average temporal resolution of -1 year， vary from -8.14‰ to -6.70‰. These two records show a similar pattern and isotopic range， and exhibit a series of decadal-centennial fluctuations， with amplitude shifts of 0.5‰-1‰. Therefore， the DX1 and DX2 isotope data can be pieced together to reconstruct a continuous δ18O record from 831 to 1983 A.D. （the composite DX record）. Because of higher isotope resolution and longer growth period in DX1， the composite DX record is principally based on the DX1 and extended to 1983 A.D. using DX2.Replication tests on isotope records suggest that the calcite in Dongge cave is deposited close to the isotope equilibrium， and that the δ18O signal can be interpreted in terms of climate. As suggested by our previous studies， shifts in Dongge cave stalagmite δ18O largely reflect changes in ASM， with low （high） δ18O values corresponding to strong （weak） ASM rainfall. Taking a dating uncertainty of several years into account， the DX δ18O record exhibits close similarity to the Asian Summer Monsoon Index， with a correlation coefficient of -0.42 （n=115， p<0.001）， confirming that lighter δ18O values correspond with stronger monsoon intensity.In previous studies， by tuning the speleothem δ18O time series to the atmospheric Δ14C record， solar forcing has been identified as one factor affecting the Asian summer monsoon. Here， our composite DX record provides a direct test of this hypothesis， owing to its robust band-counted chronology （-1193-1983 A.D.） and high-resolution data. Although the speleothem-based ASM （DX） record is broadly related to the solar radiation proxy， the detail comparison between the two records， especially on centennial timescales， shows distinct differences. Based on the power spectrum and wavelet analysis， we found that there are significant quasi-200-year cycle behaviors in the records of solar activity， the temperature in the northern hemisphere and Asian summer monsoon. After extraction and function fitting of the quasi-200-year periodic signal in these three records， further comparisons among them show that the change of solar activity is in phase with that of the northern hemisphere temperature， but in inverse phase with that of the Asian summer monsoon. This result is also supported by the results of the cross spectral analysis among these three records. Therefore， these observations support a view that solar radiation changes regulate the temperature changes in the northern hemisphere， and reveal the complexity of the influence of solar activities on the Asian monsoon changes. The internal driving mechanism of the earth’s climate system and the influence of human activities may regulate or contribute to the dynamic link between the solar radiation and the Asian summer monsoon. With the intensification of human activities， the increase of greenhouse gas emission is likely to affect the change of tropospheric radial temperature gradient， thus increasing the unpredictability of Asian summer monsoon changes.In conclusion， our findings reveal that both external solar forcing and internal climate variability play important roles in driving the centennial-scale ASM variations during natural climatic variability. A comprehensive analysis of the high-quality paleoclimate data and model simulations is expected to further test and refine these findings. With model simulations， the study may facilitate our better understanding and prediction of the climate response to the global warming.

     

    • CUI Yingfang,ZHAO Kan,SHAO Xiaohua,et al.Mechanism of Asian monsoon precipitation variation and solar activity on a century time scale over the past 1，000 years[J].Carsologica Sinica,2022,41(01):143-152.
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