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Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2025  > Accepted Manuscript
LI Tengfang, SHEN Lina, HUANG Qibo, WU Qingpeng, MA Junfei, LIAO Hongwei, WU Huaying, ZOU Changpei, PU Zhenggong, LENG Rubing. Analysis of characteristics and control factors of underground river pipeline based on tracer test and crack measurement-Take Luohandu Underground River as an example.[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA.
Citation: LI Tengfang, SHEN Lina, HUANG Qibo, WU Qingpeng, MA Junfei, LIAO Hongwei, WU Huaying, ZOU Changpei, PU Zhenggong, LENG Rubing. Analysis of characteristics and control factors of underground river pipeline based on tracer test and crack measurement-Take Luohandu Underground River as an example.[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA.
shu

Analysis of characteristics and control factors of underground river pipeline based on tracer test and crack measurement-Take Luohandu Underground River as an example.

  • 1.

    Institute of Karst Geology, GAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR/International Research center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China

  • 2.

    Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research, Pingguo, Guangxi531406, China

  • 3.

    Guangxi hydro-geology and engineering geology team, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545006

  • 4.

    Kunming Center of Comprehensive Natural Resources Survey, China Geological Survey, Kunming, 650100

  • 5.

    Guilin No.8 Middle School, Guilin, Guangxi 541004

  • Received Date: 2024-12-12
  • Accepted Date: 2025-05-06
  • Rev Recd Date: 2025-04-24
    • Available Online: 2025-10-20
    Abstract
  • The karst development in southwest China is very remarkable. At present, there are 3066 karst underground rivers that have been proved. As the main space of groundwater resources, it is of great significance to study the distribution characteristics and development control factors of karst pipelines. In this paper, Luohandu underground river in Gongcheng county was taken as the research object, and a 1: 50000 hydrogeological survey was carried out. It was found that there was an upper karst cave at the outlet of Luohandu underground river, which was supposed to be the original discharge outlet. The length of the karst cave was 567.9m, and according to the investigation, it was found that the pipeline of the lower underground river was about 1.6km long. According to the regional geological data, Luohandu Underground River is located near the structural belt of Chestnut-Heping fault and Jiahui translational fault, in which Chestnut-Heping fault develops in the north-south direction and Jiahui translational fault develops in the east-west direction. The chestnut-Heping fault is cut in the working area, and the structure controls the development of underground river pipelines.In order to find out the controlling factors of pipeline development and development, groundwater tracing test and fracture measurement are carried out. The tracer test was put into the skylight of the underground river in the upper reaches of the underground river, and the tracer was received only in 1.5 hours. The tracer concentration reached the peak in 1.7 hours, and then began to decrease. It was calculated that the maximum velocity of groundwater between the skylight and the outlet of the underground river was 550.4 m·h−1, and the average velocity was 447.7 m·h−1 , which showed that the underground water flow between the skylight and the outlet of the underground river was closely related to the underground water, and the underground water migration path was relatively smooth, and the karst was developed in the shape of a single pipe. At the same time, four groups of cracks were measured by statistical window method, including three groups of structural cracks and one group of bedding cracks. In order to study the control of cracks on the development of karst pipelines, the statistical analysis of crack measurement results shows that the direction of cracks in the first and fourth groups is basically consistent with the development direction of underground rivers. Further analysis shows that high-angle structural fractures provide an important channel for the recharge of underground rivers. By calculating the principal value of permeability tensor of structural fractures, it was found that the dip directions of the third principal permeability tensor (K3) at five measurement points ranged from 254° to 292°, with dip angles mostly less than 25°. The direction of maximum permeability governs the seepage direction of karst groundwater, and long-term erosion and dissolution along this direction ultimately control the development of the underground river conduit.On the basis of 1: 50000 hydrogeologic survey and regional geological data, this study understands the structural pattern, describes the distribution and spatial characteristics of underground river pipelines in detail based on high-precision tracer tests, and analyzes the control of structural fractures on underground river pipelines by combining fracture measurement and calculation of permeability tensor. Through various technical means, not only the distribution characteristics of underground river pipelines are systematically grasped, but also the controlling factors of underground river formation are deeply revealed, which provides an important scientific basis for the subsequent investigation of underground rivers and water resources evaluation.

     

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