Advanced Search
  • Included in CSCD
  • Chinese Core Journals
  • Included in WJCI Report
  • Included in Scopus, CA, DOAJ, EBSCO, JST
  • The Key Magazine of China Technology
Volume 43 Issue 6
Dec.  2024
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2024  >  43(6): 1287-1294
ZHOU Cuiqiong, CHAI Jinlong, ZHANG Gui, WANG Yu, HE Raosheng, WANG Jin, LI Jihong. Study on the variation characteristics of backwater levels of the Pijiazhai karst spring in Luxi county, Yunnan[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2024, 43(6): 1287-1294. doi: 10.11932/karst20240606
Citation: ZHOU Cuiqiong, CHAI Jinlong, ZHANG Gui, WANG Yu, HE Raosheng, WANG Jin, LI Jihong. Study on the variation characteristics of backwater levels of the Pijiazhai karst spring in Luxi county, Yunnan[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2024, 43(6): 1287-1294. doi: 10.11932/karst20240606
shu

Study on the variation characteristics of backwater levels of the Pijiazhai karst spring in Luxi county, Yunnan

doi: 10.11932/karst20240606
  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, MNR, Kunming, Yunnan 650216, China

  • 2.

    Yunnan Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Plateau Mountainous Area, Kunming, Yunnan 650216, China

  • 3.

    Yunnan Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Kunming, Yunnan 650216, China

  • 4.

    Yunnan Geological Survey, Kunming, Yunnan 650051, China

  • Received Date: 2024-02-10
    Available Online: 2025-03-21
    Abstract
  • The Pijiazhai karst spring is located at the edge of the upstream Luxi basin, where the terrain shifts from steep to gentle slopes. The spring's recharge area covers 115 km2, where the recharge runoff area is the white water karst trough valley in the upper reaches of the basin and the peak-cluster depression area at the edge of the basin. There are more springs in the white water karst trough valley but the dynamic is unstable. The main aquifer formations in the spring are dolomite and limestone of the Triassic Gejiu Formation. Although karst development is strong, it is uneven, leading to significant variability in hydraulic properties. Besides precipitation recharge, leakage from the Baishuitang reservoir is a crucial source of recharge. The hydraulic gradient, from the Baishuitang reservoir to the spring outlet, ranges from 1.43% to 1.62%, with groundwater flow velocities between 144.82 and 176.45 m·h−1. The spring discharge varies from 1,072 to 1,957 L·s−1 and remains relatively stable. By means of drilling, geophysical exploration and backwater test, the water levels of the Pijiazhai karst spring are studied. A total of 16 boreholes were drilled near the spring outlet, with depths ranging from 15.1 to 45.1 meters, and the maximum rise in backwater level reached 0.66 meter.Results indicate that, despite the intense karst development near the Pijiazhai karst spring, the distribution of this development is spatially uneven. Horizontally, the analysis of joint fissures reveals four major karst development zones composed of densely distributed caves and solution fissures. Additionally, at varying depths, these dense zones of caves and solution fissures are also present vertically. To the north of the spring outlet, karst development is intense but uneven, predominantly featuring solution fissures and caves, with some caves diameters reaching 4.7 meters. Downstream of the spring, karst development is relatively weaker and more uniform, primarily consisting of solution fissures, with fewer and smaller caves, the largest being 0.6 meters in diameter. At the eastern side of the spring outlet, a significant karst development zone is dominated by solution fissures, which generally exceed 70 meters in thickness, and are widely distributed. Overall, at the area near the spring outlet, a complex and interconnected network of fissures and conduits have been developed. The Pijiazhai karst spring exhibits a certain degree of pressure resistance. Prior to the backwater at the spring outlet, the water levels in 15 nearby observation boreholes, with the exception of the upstream Borehole zk1, are consistently 0.3 to 3.0 meters lower than the water levels at the spring outlet. After backwater, the water levels at the spring outlet remains elevated compared to the levels in the other observation boreholes. The increase in water levels around the spring outlet during the backwater process, as well as the response time and distance, do not exhibit a direct relationship; rather, they are influenced by the development and connectivity of the karst system, demonstrating significant anisotropy. Notably, the spring outlet experiences the most substantial rise in water levels, while the northern upstream area shows a relatively larger increase. In contrast, the southern downstream area exhibits a rapid decline in the amplitude of the rise, and the eastern region experiences a smaller and slower increase. Upstream of the spring outlet, the aquifer structure is mainly characterized by fissure-conduit systems, which show substantial and rapid water level rises during backwater. This often results in a 2–3 hours of groundwater "surge" phenomenon, initially marked by a rapid rise to a peak, and then a brief decline, followed by a gradual rise to a stable level, forming a "double-peak" pattern. Downstream, the aquifer structure is primarily a fissure network, leading to smaller and slower rises of water levels during backwater, typically showing a more uniform "linear" rise, with occasional short-term anomalies of water level decrease before rising. When the backwater height at the spring outlet maintains within a specific range, short-term fluctuations in groundwater levels may cause the spring water to become turbid; however, this does not result in a significant decrease in discharge. Engineering practice confirms that a rise of 4.4 meters in spring head does not lead to a noticeable reduction in discharge.

     

    • FullText(HTML)
  • loading
    • References(19)
  • [1]
    任天培, 彭定邦, 周柔嘉, 郑秀英, 何成富. 水文地质学[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 1986:264-282.
    [2]
    宋广尧. 水力学基础知识[M]. 北京:中国铁道出版社, 1983:48-107.
    [3]
    徐永新, 张志祥, 张永波, 梁永平, 曹建华, 蒋忠诚. 山西岩溶泉研究进展与前瞻[J]. 太原理工大学学报, 2017, 48(3):413-426.

    XU Yongxin, ZHANG Zhixiang, ZHANG Yongbo, LIANG Yongping, CAO Jianhua, JIANG Zhongcheng. Research advance in karst springs of Shanxi Province[J]. Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology, 2017, 48(3): 413-426.
    [4]
    韩冬梅, 徐恒力, 梁杏. 北方岩溶大泉地下水系统的圈划:以太原盆地东西山地区为例[J]. 地球科学(中国地质大学学报), 2006, 31(6):885-890.

    HAN Dongmei, XU Hengli, LIANG Xing. Demarcation of groundwater system of big karst spring: A case study of eastern and western mountain areas, Taiyuan basin[J]. Earth Science (Journal of China University of Geosciences), 2006, 31(6): 885-890.
    [5]
    林云, 曲鹏冲, 吕海新, 武亚遵. 太行山东缘典型岩溶泉流量变化特征及规律分析[J]. 中国岩溶, 2018, 37(5):671-679.

    LIN Yun, QU Pengchong, LYU Haixin, WU Yazun. Variation characteristics of typical karst springs in the eastern margin of the Taihang Mountains[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2018, 37(5): 671-679.
    [6]
    张贵, 何绕生, 王波, 张文鋆, 周翠琼. 云南华宁县盘溪大龙潭水文地质特征[J]. 贵州大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 37(5):40-45.

    ZHANG Gui, HE Raosheng, WANG Bo, ZHANG Wenjun, ZHOU Cuiqiong. Hydrogeological characteristics of Dalongtan, Panxi, Huaning county of Yunnan Province[J]. Journal of Guizhou University (Natural Sciences), 2020, 37(5): 40-45.
    [7]
    郭艺, 秦大军, 王枫, 甘甫平, 闫柏琨. 基于时间序列分析法的岩溶泉水位预测[J]. 中国岩溶, 2021, 40(4):137-145.

    GUO Yi, QIN Dajun, WANG Feng, GAN Fuping, YAN Baikun. Prediction of karst spring water level based on the time series analysis method[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2021, 40(4): 137-145.
    [8]
    廖春来, 罗明明, 周宏. 鄂西岩溶槽谷区洼地的水位响应特征及产流阈值估算 [J]. 中国岩溶, 2020, 39(6):802-809.

    LIAO Chunlai, LUO Mingming, ZHOU Hong. Water level response characteristics and runoff threshold estimation of karst depressions in a valley region, western Hubei Province[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2020, 39(6): 802-809.
    [9]
    唐春雷, 晋华, 梁永平, 赵春红, 申豪勇, 潘尧云, 景泽. 娘子关泉域岩溶地下水位变化特征及成因[J]. 中国岩溶, 2020, 39(6):810-816.

    TANG Chunlei, JIN Hua, LIANG Yongping, ZHAO Chunhong, SHEN Haoyong, PAN Yaoyun, JING Ze. Characteristics and causes of variation of karst groundwater level in the Niangziguan spring area[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2020, 39(6): 810-816.
    [10]
    中国科学院地质研究所岩溶研究组. 中国岩溶研究[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1979:84-110.
    [11]
    朱远峰, 崔光中, 覃小群. 岩溶水系统方法及其应用[M]. 广西:广西科学技术出版社, 1992:39-48.
    [12]
    束龙仓, 董贵明, 陶玉飞, 刘丽红. 地下河天窗水位变化分析及预测[J]. 水利学报, 2009, 40(5):529-534.

    SHU Longcang, DONG Guiming, TAO Yufei, LIU Lihong. Forecast and analysis on water level fluctuation in sinkhole of underground rivers[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2009, 40(5): 529-534.
    [13]
    广西壮族自治区水文工程地质队. 岩溶地区供水水文地质工作方法[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 1979:142-147.
    [14]
    杨勇. 后寨河流域岩溶含水介质结构与地下径流研究[J]. 中国岩溶, 2001, 20(1):17-20.

    YANG Yong. A study on the structure of karst aquifer medium and the groundwater flow in Houzhai underground river basin[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2001, 20(1): 17-20.
    [15]
    王宇, 张贵, 李丽辉, 吕爱华, 李燕. 岩溶找水与开发技术研究[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 2007.
    [16]
    王宇. 云南泸西皮家寨岩溶大泉束流调压壅水开发示范[J]. 中国岩溶, 2008, 27(1):1-5.

    WANG Yu. Water resource exploitation from big karst spring by flow narrowing-water pressure adjusting-water table raising: A case in Pijiazhai spring, Luxi county, Yunnan[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2008, 27(1): 1-5.
    [17]
    云南省地质调查院. 泸西小江流域岩溶水调查开发与石漠化综合治理示范[M]. 昆明:云南省地质调查院, 2005.
    [18]
    云南省地质环境监测院. 云南省岩溶水开发示范报告[R]. 2008.
    [19]
    云南省地质矿产局滇南工程勘察公司. 泸西县白水塘水库渗漏处理可行性研究勘察报告[R]. 1992.
    • Relative Articles
    • Supplements(0)
    • Cited By
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索
    Get Citation
    PDF(1298.0KB)
    XML

    Article Metrics

    Article views (40) PDF downloads(11) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    Website Copyright © CARSOLOGICA SINICA 桂ICP备05009877号-1

    Sponsor: Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Sponsored by: Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Address: No.50, Qixing Road, Guilin, Guangxi

    Post Code: 541004 Tel: 0773-5812949 7796657 Email: zgyr@mail.cgs.gov.cn; zgyrbjb@163.com

    Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co., Ltd.    

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return