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Volume 41 Issue 6
Dec.  2022
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Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2022  >  41(6): 1007-1015
WANG Youzhi, YANG Ning, YU Linhong, LV Lingfeng. Development characteristics and prevention countermeasures of karst collapse in Zhongqiao of Yantai[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 41(6): 1007-1015. doi: 10.11932/karst20220612
Citation: WANG Youzhi, YANG Ning, YU Linhong, LV Lingfeng. Development characteristics and prevention countermeasures of karst collapse in Zhongqiao of Yantai[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 41(6): 1007-1015. doi: 10.11932/karst20220612
shu

Development characteristics and prevention countermeasures of karst collapse in Zhongqiao of Yantai

doi: 10.11932/karst20220612

  • The Third Shandong Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration, Yantai, Shandong 264004, China

  • Received Date: 2021-09-23
    Available Online: 2023-01-06
    Abstract
  • The limestone distribution area of Zhongqiao is a typical representative of the karst landform distribution in Jiaodong Peninsula. With an area of about 30 km2, it is located about 25 km southwest of Yantai City, and is the core area of Fushan Economic-Technological Development Zone. In recent years, frequent karst collapse has seriously affected the economic development and local people's life, and even brought some panic to the them. 17 times of karst collapse in the study area occurred in the covered karst area. The collapse began in 2005 (2 times), and then occurred 17 times in 2014-2021. The diameter of the collapse pit varies from 1 m to 10 m, and the depth is mostly 3-5 m. The collapse is mostly elliptical and circular on the plane, appearing in groups, and the section is jar-shaped and funnel-shaped. In terms of space, the collapse is mainly located near the groundwater runoff zone, river bed, gully and terraces on both banks where geological structures are developed. The covering soil thickness of collapse point is mostly between 10-15 m. In order to provide a scientific basis for the future rational planning of groundwater exploitation and monitoring and early warning of karst collapse, and provide a geological basis for the prevention of karst collapse, we have further analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution, the development characteristics, process and triggering factors of karst collapse in the study area to better understand the development mode and evolution law of karst collapse in Jiaodong Peninsula. In this paper, the development characteristics, process and triggering factors of karst collapse are studied from the aspects of mechanics, structural geology and hydrogeology. The research shows that among the many factors of collapse, stratum lithology is the basic condition; the geological structure is the dominant factor; and the hydrodynamic condition is the decisive factor. From the perspective of geomorphology, the karst development is more intense within 300 m from the river, and karst collapse occurs in the V-shaped area between the two rivers. In terms of cap rock and structure, karst collapse is mostly developed in the fragile area of karst area where the thickness of overburden is 10-15 m and the hanging wall of fault is less than 1 km. Given the basic conditions of karst collapse, collapse trigger factors, such as heavy rainfall, excessive exploitation and drainage of groundwater and continuous drought, especially the continuous fluctuation of water level 0-2 m above limestone surface for more than 5 days, are more likely to trigger collapse. In the prevention and control of karst collapse, we must first rationally plan the groundwater mining and drainage scheme, then establish a groundwater monitoring and early warning network in the area, and build a water-stopping curtain around the mine.

     

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