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Volume 41 Issue 2
Jul.  2022
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Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2022  >  41(2): 308-317, 328
DAI Fangyuan, GAO Yang, SU Qingwei, HU Tao, GENG Fuqiang, DONG Yanan. Application of transient electromagnetism and cross-hole CT imaging to detect karst distribution and morphological characteristics﹕A case study of Jinan,Shandong Province[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 41(2): 308-317, 328. doi: 10.11932/karst20220210
Citation: DAI Fangyuan, GAO Yang, SU Qingwei, HU Tao, GENG Fuqiang, DONG Yanan. Application of transient electromagnetism and cross-hole CT imaging to detect karst distribution and morphological characteristics﹕A case study of Jinan,Shandong Province[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2022, 41(2): 308-317, 328. doi: 10.11932/karst20220210
shu

Application of transient electromagnetism and cross-hole CT imaging to detect karst distribution and morphological characteristics﹕A case study of Jinan,Shandong Province

doi: 10.11932/karst20220210
  • 1.

    801 Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources (Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute), Jinan, Shandong 250014, China

  • 2.

    Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater , Jinan, Shandong 250014,China

  • 3.

    Jinan Rail Transit Group Co., Ltd.,Jinan,Shandong 250100,China

  • Received Date: 2021-05-14
    Abstract
  • The study area is located in the southern mountainous area of Jinan City, which is an exposed-covered karst mountainous area with low hilly landform surrounded by mountains on the east, west and south sides. The overall terrain is high in the south and low in the north, and is generally a north inclined monoclinic structure with exposed strata of Cambrian,Ordovician and Quaternary. Precipitation in this area is mainly concentrated in July, August and September. The catchment area of nearby rivers is limited and cut off for a long time.The development of surface karst in the study area is ordinary, but the underground shallow karst is relatively developed. There are two types of groundwater,pore water and karst water. The karst water aquifer corresponds to the limestone of Cambrian-Ordovician Sanshanzi formation in which karst is relatively developed. The depth of study area is 50 m with dolomite as its the main lithology. There are two kinds of karst development in this area,small karst caves with the pore diameter greater than 20 cm, fast footage and low sampling rate and dissolved pores with the pore diameter less than 20 cm, normal footage, and high sampling rate. Caves and pores are basically filled with cohesive soil.This study is aimed to calculate the dispersion coefficient and eigenvalue of apparent resistivity and apparent absorption coefficient in karst development area, and to explore a method to analyze the development degree and morphological characteristics of karst cave. The research methods include Transient Electromagnetic Method (TEM), cross-hole electromagnetic tomography and drilling. In TEM, the central loop device, multi-turn small loop emission and point measurement are adopted. The distance between fixed sending points and measuring points of cross-hole electromagnetic tomography is 1.0 m, and data is collected in the four frequency bands of 6, 8, 10 and 12.In this study, the transient electromagnetic profile is compared with the karst development section exposed by drilling, and 120-ohm meter is determined as the boundary value for interpreting the karst development area, so as to delineate the karst distribution area. Then the drilling is carried out for verification, and its result is in conformity with that of TEM. Imaging detection of the cross-hole electromagnetic tomography in the verification hole and nearby boreholes is conducted to further verify and characterize the karst development between these two types of holes. By comparing TEM with drilling, the distribution range, the average value and the characteristic value of apparent resistivity in karst development area are statistically analyzed to delineate the distribution range of karst. Then the imaging of cross-hole electromagnetic tomography is used to precisely divide the distribution and development form of karst. Results show that apparent resistivity of small karst caves in TEM is relatively scattered, but it is larger and concentrated in dissolved pores. Under the same conditions of karst cave, both average resistivity and maximum apparent resistivity of non-filled karst caves are larger than those of the caves filled with cohesive soil.The results of these two geophysical prospecting methods show the same degree of dispersion. The degree of dispersion of small karst caves data is greater than that of dissolved pores, but the performance of data average value and characteristic value is different,with transient electromagnetic method, the average and characteristic values of apparent resistivity in small karst caves are less than those of dissolved pores; however, with cross-hole electromagnetic tomography, they are greater than those in dissolved pores.

     

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