Construction and application of water resource security evaluation model in karst area：A case study of Guizhou Province

Karst area is rich in water resources in the traditional sense. However, the surface water resources are deficient, and the groundwater resources are abundant, which forms a binary relation in water structure system. So the ecological status of this area is extremely important. The karst landform is widely distributed in Guizhou. With the rapid development of social economy, the situation of water resources security has attracted much attention. In order to analyze the current situation of water resources security in karst area, this study takes the typical karst area Guizhou Province as the research object. Fourteen indexes were selected from four aspects, including water supply, society, economy and ecology, to establish the evaluation index system of water resources security. Meanwhile, the entropy weight method and fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation model were combined to perform quantitative evaluation of this study, so as to evaluate the water resources security of Guizhou Province in the 9 cities and in each year from 2005 to 2014. According to the results, Guiyang, Qiandongnan, and Tongren were in good level, Zunyi, Qiannan, Bijie and Qianxi’nan were in the general level, Anshun and Liupanshui were in a poor level. In the past year from 2005 to 2014, the security of water resources in Guizhou Province is relatively stable, all in the general level, but it was on the rise. This is due to the correct development ideas in recent years in Guizhou Province, the government has realize the importance of sustainable development of the water resources, and began to strengthen the scientific management of water resources. During this period, the government has attached great importance to ecological protection, and has put the coordination of economic growth, population, resources and environment in a prominent strategic position. In addition, the improvement of urban sewage treatment capacity and enterprise waste water discharge standards also played an important role in the change of water resources security.However, the water resources security in Guizhou is at a general level, and has a great development potential. Overall, the current situation for water resources in Guizhou is in a non-equilibrium fluctuating state under the pressures of economic development and human disturbance. With the contradiction between ecological environment and economic development intensified, Guizhou Province should focus on the water environment safety management, adjust the industrial structure so as to make the economic and social benefits become a supplement of ecological benefits