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Volume 36 Issue 5
Oct.  2017
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Article Navigation >  CARSOLOGICA SINICA  > 2017  >  36(5): 743-750
ZHANG Liankai, QIN Xiaoqun, HUANG Qibo, LIU Pengyu, SHAN Xiaojing. Aquatic plants bioremediation to groundwater contaminated by mines in karst areas[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2017, 36(5): 743-750. doi: 10.11932/karst2017y47
Citation: ZHANG Liankai, QIN Xiaoqun, HUANG Qibo, LIU Pengyu, SHAN Xiaojing. Aquatic plants bioremediation to groundwater contaminated by mines in karst areas[J]. CARSOLOGICA SINICA, 2017, 36(5): 743-750. doi: 10.11932/karst2017y47
shu

Aquatic plants bioremediation to groundwater contaminated by mines in karst areas

doi: 10.11932/karst2017y47
  • 1.

    nstitute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR＆GZAR/Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Treatment of Rocky Desertification,MLR

  • 2.

    nstitute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR＆GZAR

  • 3.

    Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Treatment of Rocky Desertification,MLR/School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University

  • Publish Date: 2017-10-25
    Abstract
  • The karst regions in southwest China is an important producing area of nonferrous metals. Long-term extensive mining and waste residue accumulation have made the local environment seriously polluted by heavy metals. Many heavy metal elements enter the underground through surface runoffs and leaching, polluting groundwater aquifers, and pose a significant impact on the vulnerable karst environment. The leachate from the tailings reservoirs enters the groundwater system through karst pipelines and has a serious impact on the downstream ecological in a lead-zinc mine environment. In order to study the treatment technology of heavy metal pollution in karst groundwater and improve the quality of groundwater of this area, Hydrilla verticillata and Spirogyra communis grown in tailing reservoir leachate were selected as the sorbents of heavy metal. Hydrochemistry and enrichment factor analyses were conducted to examine the adsorption capacity of heavy metals of these two aquatic plants. Meanwhile, their heavy metal adsorption mechanism was explored and the feasibility of using these two aquatic plants to control karst groundwater pollution was discussed. Results show that, (1) The contents of heavy metals in these two aquatic plants lived in the mining area are high and the plants are well growing with large biomasses, suggesting these two kinds of aquatic plants have a certain avoidance or resistance to the heavy metals; (2)The bioconcentration factors (BCF) to elements in Hydrilla verticillata are relatively high, with value order as Pb > As > Co > Mn > Cu > Cd > Zn > Ni > Cr > Hg. The BCFs in Spirogyra communis are higher than those in Hydrilla verticillata but their value order is the same as that in Hydrilla verticillata. Although the contents of heavy metals do not reach the critical value of hyper-accumulators, the enrichment coefficients of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Co, Ni, Mn and As in these two kinds of plants are much larger than 1, consistent with the hyper-accumulator enrichment characteristics, showing a co-enrichment feature; (3) Compared with non-karst areas, the content and BCF of heavy metals in these two aquatic plants in karst areas are much higher. Three main enrichment mechanisms of heavy metals in Hydrilla verticillata are suggested, which are enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity under the stimulating of heavy metals, passive absorption, and ion exchange effect. For Spirogyra communis, its special molecular structure is important for its heavy metal adsorption. As the Hydrilla verticillata and Spirogyra communis are widely distributed in karst areas of southern China, using these two planes as the heavy metal remediation plants in karst polluted water will have a good prospect.

     

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