喀斯特地区不同尺度水碳耦合过程研究进展

张建春; 朱江; 何昌德; 贾智; 朱利菲; 乙引; 龚记熠

doi:10.11932/karst20250205

喀斯特地区不同尺度水碳耦合过程研究进展

doi: 10.11932/karst20250205

张建春^{1, 2,},
朱江^{1, 2},
何昌德^{1, 2},
贾智^{1, 2},
朱利菲^{1, 2},
乙引^{2, 3},
龚记熠^{1, 3, ,}

1.
贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵州贵阳 550025
2.
贵州师范大学西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 贵州贵阳 550025
3.
贵州师范大学喀斯特地区碳中和教育部工程研究中心, 贵州贵阳 550025

基金项目: 贵州省科技成果转化重点项目“喀斯特石漠化生态恢复技术集成与示范”（黔科合成果[2022]重点010）；贵州省教育厅“揭榜挂帅”科技公关项目“喀斯特石漠化水肥耦合与生物多样性恢复”（黔教技[2023]004号）

详细信息

作者简介:
张建春（2000－），男，硕士研究生，主要从事喀斯特地区石漠化治理研究。E-mail：272444891@qq.com

通讯作者:
龚记熠（1985－），男，硕士，高级实验师，主要从事生态水文学研究。E-mail：201307048@gznu.edu.cn。

中图分类号: P339；X171.1
计量
- 文章访问数: 13
- HTML浏览量: 3
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-04
- 录用日期: 2025-02-12
- 修回日期: 2025-01-24
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-20

Research progress on the water-carbon coupling processes at different scales in karst regions

ZHANG Jianchun^{1, 2
,},
ZHU Jiang^{1, 2},
HE Changde^{1, 2},
JIA Zhi^{1, 2},
ZHU Lifei^{1, 2},
YI Yin^{2, 3},
GONG Jiyi^{1, 3
, ,}

1.
School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest Karst Mountains, Guizhou Normal University, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
3.
Engineering Research Center for Carbon Neutrality in Karst Areas, Guizhou Normal University, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China

摘要

摘要: 喀斯特地区由于其独特的地质地貌和生态环境，已成为全球环境变化研究的重点区域。水循环和碳循环过程及其相互耦合作用在生态系统功能和环境效应方面具有重要意义，对地区乃至全球的碳平衡和气候变化有着深远影响。文章围绕喀斯特地区水碳耦合过程，通过系统性地回顾和总结当前研究进展，从叶片到区域不同空间尺度进行梳理，揭示了喀斯特地区水循环与碳循环之间的耦合机制；评估了气候变化以及植被恢复、土地利用变化、工程措施等人为活动对水碳耦合过程的影响；分析了未来潜在的研究热点，如结合喀斯特地质背景扩展水碳耦合的划分方式，对喀斯特地区水碳耦合过程进行模拟和预测研究，完善水碳耦合模型，提高数据的时空分辨率，深入研究气候变化及各种人类活动对喀斯特地区水碳耦合过程的影响。对未来开展喀斯特地区水碳平衡研究提供了新的视角，对于科学制定喀斯特地区水资源和碳平衡管理政策具有积极意义。
- 喀斯特 /
- 水循环 /
- 碳循环 /
- 水碳耦合 /
- 水分利用效率
Abstract: Karst regions are characterized by exposed bedrock, poor soils, and severe soil erosion, leading to a fragile and sensitive ecological environment, making them a key region for global environmental change research. The water cycle and carbon cycle are two key processes within ecosystems. The water cycle serves as a crucial material foundation for maintaining ecosystem stability and acts as an important vehicle for material circulation. In contrast, the carbon cycle represents a significant aspect of energy flow and material circulation. The interplay between these cycles is vital for sustaining ecosystem functions and environmental effects. In karst regions, the hydrological processes are complex, and the ecological environment is vulnerable. The water-carbon coupling is affected by natural and human factors, hence, studying the coupling process of karst region is essential for exploring the ecosystem in this area. Although considerable researches have been conducted on water-carbon coupling processes in karst areas, there remains a lack of systematic induction and summary of existing scientific findings, and future research directions need to be clearly guided and sorted. Thus, a comprehensive review and analysis of the water-carbon coupling processes in karst regions is particularly necessary.This study firstly starts from different spatial scales, from the leaf-scale level to the regional-scale level, to reveal the coupling mechanism between the water cycle and the carbon cycle. Combining the topographical and geomorphic characteristics of karst areas, the regional water - carbon coupling research of which is expanded from the Soil -Plant-Atmosphere-Continuum (SPAC) to the Soil-Rock-Plant-Atmosphere-Continuum (SRPAC). The Water Use Efficiency (WUE) is a key indicator for measuring water-carbon exchange,which is affected by the factors such as unique topography, vegetation, and etc., showing significant differences from the non-karst areas. At the leaf-scale, stomatal behavior regulates photosynthesis and transpiration, affectingthe plant's water-use strategy. At the plant scale, the water-carbon utilization of vegetation exhibits topographic variations, with WUE being constrained by factors such as soil moisture. At the ecosystem scale, water-carbon coupling correlates with hydro-thermal environment and CO₂ concentrations, whilethe groundwater circulationdrives the carbon cycling process. At the regional scale, water-carbon coupling manifests through the relationship between vegetation carbon sequestration and runoff generation and confluence,showing the exploration of the spatial-temporal distribution of WUE is of great significance for rocky desertification control.Secondly, an analysis is carried out from multiple perspectives such as climate change, vegetation restoration, land-use change, and engineering measures to summarize the impacts of natural and human activities on the water-carbon coupling processes. Climate change leads to fluctuations in precipitation patterns and temperature, directly altering the path and intensity of the water cycle, and thus affecting the carbon cycle. Vegetation restoration indirectly affects water-carbon coupling by regulating the regional climate and hydrology through soil and water conservation by roots and increasing vegetation coverage. Land-use change profoundly affects the water-carbon cycle process by influencing the carbon cycle and water resource distribution through changes in soil and runoff. Various engineering measures, such as the construction of water conservancy facilities, soil-water conservation projects, and tunnel construction, also have a significant impact on water-carbon coupling processes.Finally, potential future research hot spots are sorted out and extended classification methods of water-carbon coupling in combination with the karst geological background are proposed in this paper. It is suggested that a comprehensive monitoring system should be established, various carbon sink studies be integrated, and an interdisciplinary approach be adopted to carry out the simulation and prediction research on water-carbon coupling process in karst areas.. The water-carbon coupling model should be improved, and the spatial-temporal resolution of data should be enhanced. In-depth research on the impacts of climate change and various human activities on the water-carbon coupling process in karst areas should be conducted in multiple directions. This study provides a new perspective for future research on water-carbon balance in karst areas and shows positive significances for the scientific formulation of water resource and carbon balance management policies in karst regions.
- karst /
- water cycle /
- carbon cycle /
- water-carbon coupling /
- Water Use Efficiency(WUE)

HTML

图 1 喀斯特土壤－岩石－植被－大气系统（SRPAC）（据文献[5]修改）

Figure 1. Soil-Rock-Plant-Atmosphere-Continuum (SRPAC) in karst area (Revised based on reference [5])

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

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