红层石膏夹层静动水溶蚀特性试验研究

钟志彬; 冯杰; 吕蕾; 周其健; 李思嘉; 薛昌汭

doi:10.11932/karst2024y046

红层石膏夹层静动水溶蚀特性试验研究

doi: 10.11932/karst2024y046

钟志彬^{1, 2,},
冯杰²,
吕蕾³,
周其健⁴,
李思嘉⁵,
薛昌汭⁶

1.
成都建工第三建筑工程有限公司, 四川成都 610056
2.
地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室成都理工大学, 四川成都 610059
3.
成都建工路桥建设有限公司, 四川成都 610073
4.
中国建筑西南勘察设计研究院有限公司, 成都 610093
5.
中国电建成都勘测设计研究院有限公司, 四川成都 610014
6.
中铁上海工程局集团有限公司, 上海 200436

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(42293353，51808458)，四川省自然科学基金资助项目(2022NSFSC0403)，

详细信息

作者简介:
钟志彬（1988－），男，博士，副教授，主要从事工程岩体灾变机理及控制技术方面的研究。E-mail：zzb2007@163.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-12-07
- 录用日期: 2024-11-04
- 修回日期: 2024-09-16
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-30

Experimental study on static and dynamic water dissolution characteristics of red layer gypsum interlayer

1.
Chengdu Third Construction Engineering Co., LTD., Chengdu 610056, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Geological Hazard Prevention and Geological Environment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
3.
Chengdu Jiangong Road and Bridge Construction Co., LTD., Chengdu 610073, China
4.
Southwest China Institute of Architectural Survey and Design Co., LTD., Chengdu 610093, China
5.
Power China Chengdu Survey, Design and Research Institute Co., LTD, Chengdu 610014, China
6.
China Railway Shanghai Engineering Bureau Group Co., LTD, Shanghai 200436, China

摘要

摘要: 四川盆地红层砂泥岩中广泛分布石膏夹层，石膏溶蚀形成大量孔洞，加之红层特殊的物理力学性能，极易造成地基承载力降低、工程结构不均匀沉降变形甚至破坏。为了探究不同流速环境下石膏夹层的溶蚀特性，采用自主设计的溶蚀试验装置开展红层石膏夹层静、动水溶蚀试验，通过溶液离子浓度变化刻画试验中石膏的溶蚀进程。结果表明，静水环境下石膏夹层溶蚀速率随时间呈先减小后增大的趋势，但幅值较小；动水环境中，石膏夹层平均化学溶蚀速率和瞬时化学溶蚀速率均表现出随时间减小的特征。同时，根据溶蚀量变化曲线发现流速增大后化学溶蚀和机械潜蚀作用均会得到加强。
- 岩溶 /
- 红层石膏岩 /
- 机械潜蚀 /
- 化学溶蚀 /
- 溶蚀速率.
Abstract: Gypsum interlayers with uneven thickness are widely distributed in the red layer sand and mudstone in Sichuan Basin. In the process of groundwater infiltration or erosion, these gypsum interlayers will inevitably produce dissolution reaction and form a large number of holes. Coupled with the special physical and mechanical properties of red layer, it is easy to reduce the bearing capacity of foundation, uneven settlement deformation and even damage of engineering structures. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out more in-depth research on the dissolution characteristics of gypsum interlayer in red layer.Based on an avionics hub project in Chongqing, this paper takes the gypsum sandwich rock at dam foundation as the research object, and uses a self-designed dynamic water dissolution device to carry out the dissolution test. The dissolution process of gypsum in the test can be characterized by regularly monitoring the concentration changes of $ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}}^{2+}\mathrm{、}{{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{2-}} $ ions in the solution. The dissolution characteristics of gypsum interlayer in red layer at different flow rates were investigated.At the end of the test, different degree of dissolution grooves appeared in the gypsum interlayers under different flow conditions. Among them, the grooves on the surface of the sample with static water corrosion are the smallest, only 2~3mm, while the grooves produced by sample corrosion in the moving water environment reach the deepest 12mm. It can be found that the dissolution rate of gypsum in the moving water environment has been greatly improved. The concentrations of $ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}}^{2+}\mathrm{、}{{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}^{2-}} $ in the solution were measured after the test, and it was found that the contents of both ions showed an increasing trend with time. Comparing the results of hydrostatic and dynamic water dissolution tests, it can be seen that the slope of $ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}}^{2+} $ content change curve of experimental groups increases gradually with the increase of flow velocity, indicating that higher flow velocity has a certain promotion effect on the chemical dissolution of gypsum. Through the processing and conversion of the test data, it can be found that the average dissolution rate under different flow velocity environment shows a rapid decline in a short time, and then gradually tends to be stable. At the initial time of the corrosion test, the average chemical corrosion rate of the samples under different flow rates showed that the faster the flow rate, the greater the corrosion rate. With the experiment, the dissolution rate decreases rapidly and the decreasing trend in different flow velocity environments is different to some extent. The greater the flow velocity is, the greater the dissolution rate is. Compared with the dynamic water corrosion test, the average chemical corrosion rate of the samples in the static water environment is smaller in both value and range. Combined with the change curve of the average chemical dissolution rate of each sample, it can be found that the average dissolution rate of gypsum increases with the acceleration of the flow rate, which proves that the larger flow rate plays a role in promoting the dissolution of gypsum interlayer. The trend of instantaneous chemical dissolution rate curve of each dynamic water dissolution test group was basically consistent with the trend of average chemical dissolution rate curve, showing a law of decreasing with time, and all curves showed a sudden drop on the third day of the test, and then gradually decreased and tended to be stable. According to the curve of the dissolution amount of each sample with the flow rate, it can be found that the chemical dissolution and mechanical submergence of gypsum interlayer will be strengthened when the flow rate increases.
- Karst /
- Gypsum rock /
- Mechanical subduction /
- Chemical corrosion /
- Dissolution rate.

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图 1 XRD能谱图

Figure 1. XRD energy spectrum

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图 2 试样制备

Figure 2. Sample preparatio

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图 3 静水溶蚀试验

Figure 3. Static water corrosion test

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图 4 动水溶蚀装置

Figure 4. Moving water dissolution device

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图 5 溶蚀管构造图

Figure 5. Structure diagram of corrosion pipe

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图 6 各组试样动水溶蚀后形态特征

Figure 6. Morphological characteristics of samples in each group after dynamic water dissolution

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图 7 静水溶蚀离子浓度变化

Figure 7. Change of concentration of solution ions in still water

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图 8 离子浓度随时间变化曲线图

Figure 8. Curve of ion concentration with time

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图 9 溶蚀量曲线

Figure 9. Corrosion quantity curve

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图 10 静水试验化学溶蚀速率变化曲线

Figure 10. Change curve of chemical dissolution rate in static water test

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图 11 动水试验化学溶蚀速率变化曲线

Figure 11. Change curve of chemical dissolution rate in moving water test

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表 1 试验设计

Table 1. Experimental design

试验类型	试验编号	岩样编号	流量/L·min⁻¹	取样时间/d	石膏层厚度/mm	天然密度/g·mm⁻²	天然含水率
静水溶蚀	A1	1-3	0	1、3、5、7、9、11、13、15、17	6	2.44	2.43
	B1	1-6		3	5	2.45	2.70
	B2	1-2		5	5	2.44	2.44
	B3	1-11		7	5	2.34	2.23
	B4	1-14		9	5	2.43	3.01
动水溶蚀	D-1	1-4	1.27	1、3、5、 7、9	5	2.43	1.80
	D-2	1-12	0.79		5	2.40	2.20
	D-3	1-13	0.31		5	2.43	3.04

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表 2 自来水离子浓度

元素	浓度/mg·L⁻¹
$ {\mathrm{C}\mathrm{a}}^{2+} $	5.826
$ {{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_{4}}^{2+} $	188.28

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