重庆酉阳龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜大气降水氢氧稳定同位素变化特征

孙婷婷; 杨琰; 姜修洋; 罗振宇; 唐越尔

doi:10.11932/karst2024y013

重庆酉阳龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜大气降水氢氧稳定同位素变化特征

doi: 10.11932/karst2024y013

孙婷婷^{1, 2,},
杨琰^{1, 2, ,},
姜修洋³,
罗振宇^{1, 2},
唐越尔^{1, 2}

1.
岩溶环境重庆市重点实验室, 西南大学地理科学学院, 重庆 400715
2.
重庆金佛山喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 重庆 400715
3.
福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福建福州 350007

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42277048）；国家重点研发计划子课题（2016YFC050230205）

详细信息

作者简介:
孙婷婷（1997－），女,硕士研究生,主要从事岩溶区生态水文过程研究，E-mail：3041911469@qq.com

通讯作者:
杨琰（1976－），男, 博士, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事岩溶关键带水资源与水环境研究。E-mail：yy2954@swu.edu.cn。

中图分类号: P426.612
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-11
- 录用日期: 2024-01-09
- 修回日期: 2023-11-16
- 网络出版日期: 2024-11-05
- 刊出日期: 2024-08-25

Variation characteristics of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation of Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline in Youyang, Chongqing

SUN Tingting^{1, 2
,},
YANG Yan^{1, 2
, ,},
JIANG Xiuyang³,
LUO Zhenyu^{1, 2},
TANG Yueer^{1, 2}

1.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographic Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
2.
National Observation and Research Station of Karst Ecosystem in Jinfo Mountain of Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
3.
School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China

摘要

摘要: 为深入探究重庆市东南部武陵山龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜两个相邻地形区大气降水中δ¹⁸O、δD的特征及其影响因素，文章基于两个水文年(2020.06－2022.05)在重庆市酉阳县龙潭槽谷(海拔333 m)和毛坝向斜(海拔1 140 m)降水δ¹⁸O和δD的采样数据，建立了两地的大气降水线，分析两地大气降水氢氧稳定同位素的变化特征及影响因素。结果表明：（1）龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜大气降水线的斜率和截距均大于全球大气降水线。大气降水δ¹⁸O和δD具有明显的季节变化，雨季（5－10月）偏负，旱季（11月至次年4月）偏正。两地大气降水δ¹⁸O表现出显著的降水量效应，温度效应的影响较弱。（2）龙潭槽谷大气降水线的斜率和截距小于毛坝向斜，两地大气降水线的差异主要受控于水汽凝结时的温度和蒸发条件。（3）龙潭槽谷大气降水中的δ¹⁸O和δD的平均值较毛坝向斜偏正。d-excess的结果表明，龙潭槽谷δ¹⁸O和δD存在微弱的云下二次蒸发。同次降水过程中龙潭槽谷大气降水δ¹⁸O总体上较毛坝向斜降水δ¹⁸O偏正，这表明龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜两地的大气降水δ¹⁸O受高程效应影响。（4）年际变化上，龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜两地大气降水δ¹⁸O的变化主要受印度洋水汽输送比例的影响。2020年夏季，印度洋水汽到达研究区的比例为76%，降水δ¹⁸O偏负；2021年夏季，印度洋水汽到达研究区的比例为52%，降水δ¹⁸O偏正。研究结果对增进西南岩溶槽谷区水循环过程的认识和今后展开龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜两地生态水文过程的研究具有重要的意义。
- 大气降水 /
- 氢氧稳定同位素 /
- 局部地形 /
- 龙潭槽谷 /
- 毛坝向斜 /
- 武陵山
Abstract: This study aims to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of δ¹⁸O and δD in precipitation in two adjacent topographic areas of Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline in Wuling mountain, southeastern Chongqing. Based on the sampling data about δ¹⁸O and δD in precipitation of Maoba syncline (altitude of 1,140 m) and Longtan trough valley (altitude of 330 m) in Youyang county of Chongqing in two hydrological years from June 2020 to May 2022, the meteoric water lines of the two studies areas were established, and the variation characteristics and influencing factors of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in precipitation in these areas were also analyzed. The results show as follows. (1) The slopes and intercepts of meteoric water lines in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline exceeded those of the global meteoric water lines. The values of δ¹⁸O in precipitation in these two study areas show a significant effect of precipitation, while the influence of temperature effect is relatively weak. (2) The slope and intercept of the meteoric water line in Longtan trough valley were smaller than those in the Maoba syncline. The difference between the meteoric water lines in these two study areas was mainly controlled by the temperature and evaporation conditions during water vapor condensation. (3) The average values of δ¹⁸O and δD in precipitation in Longtan trough valley were more positive than those in Maoba syncline. The results of d-excess showed that there was a weak sub-cloud secondary evaporation of δ¹⁸O and δD in Longtan trough valley. The values of δ¹⁸O and δD in precipitation in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline exhibited significant seasonal changes, with negative values during the rainy season (May to October) and positive values during the dry season (November to the following April). (3) The values of δ¹⁸O in precipitation in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline showed a significant precipitation effect, while the influence of temperature effect is weak. During the same precipitation event, the values of δ¹⁸O in precipitation in Longtan trough valley were generally more positive than those in Maoba syncline, indicating that δ¹⁸O values in precipitation in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline were influenced by elevation effects. (4) The interannual variations of δ¹⁸O in precipitation in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline were mainly affected by the change of the proportion of water vapor transported from Indian Ocean. In the summer of 2020, the proportion of water vapor from the Indian Ocean to the study areas reached 76%, with negative δ¹⁸O in precipitation. However, the proportion decreased to 52% in the summer of 2021, with positive δ¹⁸O in precipitation. This study is of great significance for the understanding of the water cycle process in the karst trough valley areas of Southwest China and for future studies on the eco-hydrological process of Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline.
- precipitation /
- hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes /
- local terrain /
- Longtan trough valley /
- Maoba syncline /
- Wuling mountain

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图 1 研究区位置及地理概况

Figure 1. Geographical overview of the study areas and sampling sites of precipitation

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图 2 研究区水文地质剖面图及降水采样点位置

Figure 2. Hydrogeological profile of the study areas and elevations of sampling sites of precipitation

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图 3 龙潭槽谷、毛坝向斜大气降水线与全球大气降水线的对比

Figure 3. Comparison of meteoric water lines in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline with global meteoric water lines

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图 4 2020年6月—2022年5月了龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜降水δ¹⁸O、δD和d-excess组成随时间的分布

Figure 4. Distribution of δ¹⁸O values and δD values and their d-excess compositions in precipitation in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline from June 2020 to May 2022

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图 5 不同温度等级下δ¹⁸O的分布

Figure 5. Distribution of δ¹⁸O values at different temperature levels

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图 6 不同降水量等级下δ¹⁸O的分布

Figure 6. Distribution of δ¹⁸O values at different precipitation levels

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图 7 龙潭槽谷、毛坝向斜同次降水δ¹⁸O和气温降水量的分布

注：红色圆表示降水事件中龙潭槽谷降水δ¹⁸O较毛坝向斜偏负

Figure 7. Comparison of δ¹⁸O values and environmental factors during the same precipitation event in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline

Note: The red circle indicates that the δ¹⁸O values in precipitation in Longtan trough valley is more negative than that in Maoba syncline during the precipitation event

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图 8 龙潭槽谷、毛坝向斜δ¹⁸O月加权平均值和相对湿度及气温降水量的分布

Figure 8. Monthly weighted average of δ¹⁸O values and distribution of relative humidity, temperature and precipitation in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline

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图 9 2020年—2021年 6至8月对流层1 000~300 hPa整层水汽通量图（左）和850 hPa水汽后向轨迹聚类分析（右）

左图中研究区位置用红色圆点表示；右图中括号内的数字表示不同水汽来源的比例.

Figure 9. Map of tropospheric water vapor flux of 1,000−300 hPa from June 2020 to August 2021 (left) and clustering analysis of backward trajectory of 850 hPa water vapor (right)

red dot in the left figure: locations of the study areas; numbers in parentheses of the right figure: proportions of different sources of water vapor

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表 1 龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜不同气温标准下δ¹⁸O与气温的相关性

Table 1. Correlation of δ¹⁸O values with temperatures meeting different temperature criteria in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline

采样点	R（P）
采样点	全部	T<0 ℃	0 ℃<T<10 ℃	10 ℃<T<20 ℃	T>20 ℃
龙潭槽谷	−0.02（0.80）	−	0.22（0.18）	0.21（0.09）	−0.43（0.03*）
龙潭槽谷	n=130	−	n=41	n=64	n=25
毛坝向斜	−0.31（0.00**）	−0.28（0.65）	0.21（0.10）	−0.13（0.34）	0.21（0.45）
毛坝向斜	n=143	n= 5	n= 66	n=56	n=16
表格中，分别代表相关系数的信度达到0.05，0.01；下同。 : significant at 0.01 level; **: significant at 0.05 level (hereinafter the same).

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表 2 龙潭槽谷和毛坝向斜不同降水量标准下δ¹⁸O与降水量的相关性

Table 2. Correlation between δ¹⁸O values and rainfall meeting different rainfall criteria in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline

	R（P）
	全部	p<5 mm	5 mm<p<10 mm	10 mm<p<25 mm	p>25 mm
龙潭槽谷	−0.28（0.00**）	−0.12(0.32)	−0.17(0.44)	0.01(0.95)	−0.17(0.53)
龙潭槽谷	n=137	n=68	n=24	n=29	n=16
毛坝向斜	−0.24（0.00**）	0.04(0.91)	0.08(0.10)	−0.12(0.39)	−0.12(0.55)
毛坝向斜	n=151	n=86	n=29	n=24	n=13

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表 3 龙潭槽谷、毛坝向斜不同季节降水量与δ¹⁸O的关系

Table 3. Relationship between precipitation and δ¹⁸O values in different seasons in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline

采样点	R（P）
	2020年			2021年				2022年
	夏	秋	冬	春	夏	秋	冬	春
龙潭槽谷	−0.90（0.04*）	−0.55（0.01*）	−0.22（0.39）	−0.12（0.59）	−0.32（0.20）	−0.23（0.42）	−0.29（0.26）	−0.27（0.20）
龙潭槽谷	n=5	n=20	n=17	n=22	n=18	n=14	n=17	n=24
毛坝向斜	0.00（1.00）	−0.60（0.00**）	0.13（0.59）	−0.04（0.84）	−0.12（0.68）	0.26（0.33）	−0.02（0.92）	−0.03（0.88）
毛坝向斜	n=7	n=24	n=20	n=26	n=14	n=16	n=21	n=23

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表 4 龙潭槽谷、毛坝向斜不同季节气温与δ¹⁸O的关系

Table 4. Relationship between temperatures and δ¹⁸O values in different seasons in Longtan trough valley and Maoba syncline

采样点	R（P）
	2020年			2021年				2022年
	夏	秋	冬	春	夏	秋	冬	春
龙潭槽谷	0.24（0.70）	−0.31（0.18）	−0.18（0.19）	0.11（0.12）	0.26（0.31）	−0.02（0.95）	0.47（0.06）	0.08（0.71）
龙潭槽谷	n=5	n=20	n=15	n=22	n=13	n=14	n=17	n=24
毛坝向斜	0.48（0.28）	−0.24（0.26）	−0.07（0.83）	−0.01（0.96）	0.29（0.32）	−0.58（0.02*）	0.55（0.01*）	0.07（0.76）
毛坝向斜	n=7	n=24	n=13	n=26	n=15	n=16	n=21	n=23

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