中国西南典型白云岩地区不同土地利用的土壤CO<sub>2</sub>及δ<sup>13</sup><inline-formula><tex-math id="Z-20241211132526">\begin{document}${\mathrm{C}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2} $\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>的变化特征

王小朵; 周忠发; 董慧; 丁圣君; 龚晓欢; 熊勇; 苏丹; 张叶

doi:10.11932/karst20240504

中国西南典型白云岩地区不同土地利用的土壤CO₂及δ¹³${\mathrm{C}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2} $的变化特征

doi: 10.11932/karst20240504

王小朵^{1, 2,},
周忠发^{1, 2, ,},
董慧^{1, 2},
丁圣君^{1, 2},
龚晓欢^{1, 2},
熊勇^{1, 2},
苏丹^{1, 2},
张叶^{1, 2}

1.
贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院/喀斯特研究院, 贵州贵阳 550001
2.
贵州喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地, 贵州贵阳 550001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(42161048)：岩溶洞穴系统外源酸对碳汇效应影响机制研究；贵州省科技计划项目：喀斯特地区土壤DOM对环境变化的响应机制研究（黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般258）；贵州师范大学学术新苗基金项目（黔师新苗[2022]23号）

详细信息

作者简介:
王小朵（1997－），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为喀斯特地貌与洞穴。E-mail：2797753969@qq.com

通讯作者:
周忠发（1969－），男，博导，教授，研究方向为喀斯特生态环境、GIS与遥感。E-mail：fa6897@gznu.edu.cn。

中图分类号: S154.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-01-24
- 网络出版日期: 2024-12-30
- 刊出日期: 2024-10-25

Temporal and spatial variations of soil CO₂ and δ¹³${\mathrm{C}}_{{\mathrm{CO}}_2} $ from different land uses in typical dolomite areas of Southwest China

WANG Xiaoduo^{1, 2
,},
ZHOU Zhongfa^{1, 2
, ,},
DONG Hui^{1, 2},
DING Shengjun^{1, 2},
GONG Xiaohuan^{1, 2},
XIONG Yong^{1, 2},
SU Dan^{1, 2},
ZHANG Ye^{1, 2}

1.
School of Geography and Environmental Science/School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China
2.
The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China

摘要

摘要: 为探究典型白云岩地区不同土地利用的土壤CO₂及δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $的时空差异和影响因素，厘清白云岩地区土壤碳循环的机理，文章选取中国西南典型白云岩地区——双河洞国家地质公园为研究对象，对园内不同土地利用类型的土壤CO₂及其δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $进行为期一年的监测，并运用数理统计方法进行系统分析。结果表明：（1）不同土地利用类型土壤CO₂浓度表现为：耕地＞灌草地＞撂荒地＞灌丛地＞有林地＞退耕还林地，土壤温度和含水量、上覆植被、有机碳和人类活动等是影响其变化的重要因素；（2）不同土地利用类型土壤δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $表现为：灌丛地＞退耕还林地＞耕地＞灌草地＞撂荒地＞有林地。土壤¹²C和¹³C的扩散率、有机碳的分解转换及同位素分馏作用、植物光合作用和碳酸盐岩溶蚀等存在差异导致土壤δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $变化；（3）时间变化上，不同土地利用类型土壤CO₂浓度均呈现出雨季高旱季低的变化特征，土壤δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $则呈现相反的季节变化特征。土壤有机物氧化分解、微生物的代谢活动、植物根系呼吸作用及碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用是研究区土壤CO₂的主要来源。
- 土壤CO₂ /
- 土壤δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ /
- 白云岩 /
- 不同土地利用 /
- 时空变化 /
- 影响因素 /
- 土壤碳循环
Abstract: Shuanghedong national geopark is a prominent example of dolomite on a global scale. Soil CO₂ in the dolomite areas is an important driving force of karstification and has great significance for the global carbon cycle. However, the mechanism of soil carbon cycle in dolomite areas has yet to be clarified. In order to investigate the spatial and temporal variations and influencing factors of soil CO₂ and δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ in different land uses in typical dolomite areas and to clarify the mechanism of soil carbon cycle in these areas, this study selected Shuanghedong National Geopark, a typical dolomite area in Southwest China, as the study area. Soil CO₂ and δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ were sampled from six typical land use types in Shuanghedong national geopark. These samples were monitored outdoors and subjected to laboratory experiments over the course of one year. Additionally, the data were systematically analyzed with mathematical and statistical methods.The study results indicate as follows, (1) Soil CO₂ concentrations of different land use types were observed in the following order: cropland>irrigation grassland>abandoned land>scrubland>forested land>fallow land. Soil temperature and water content, overlying vegetation, organic carbon, and human activities were important factors influencing the changes of soil CO₂ in different land use types. (2) The values of soil δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ of different land use types were ranked as follows, scrubland>fallow land>cropland>irrigation grassland>abandoned land>forested land. Differences in diffusion rates of soil ¹²C and ¹³C, decompositional conversion of organic carbon and isotopic fractionation, plant photosynthesis and carbonate rock dissolution led to changes of soil δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ in different land use types. (3) In terms of temporal changes, soil CO₂ concentrations of different land use types were high in the rainy season and low in the dry season, while concentrations of soil δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ exhibited opposite seasonal patterns, showing small values in the rainy season and large in the dry season. Oxidative decomposition of soil organic matter, metabolic activities of microorganisms, respiration of plant roots and dissolution of carbonate rocks are the main sources of soil CO₂ in dolomite areas. Therefore, oxidation and decomposition of organic matter, dissolution of carbonate rocks, photosynthesis of plants, and metabolism of microorganisms store part of CO₂ in soil to form carbon sinks. The other part of soil CO₂ in the dolomite area are primarily attributed to the higher partial pressure of soil CO₂ compared to that in the atmosphere. This difference in pressure facilitates diffusion, allowing CO₂ to escape into the atmosphere as a carbon source. In addition, the study also indicates that different land use types, soil temperature, water content, overlying vegetation, human activities, and organic carbon all influence the intensity of carbon sources and carbon sinks in the soil carbon cycle in dolomite areas to varying degrees. The research findings have deepened the understanding of soil CO₂ in dolomite areas of northern Guizhou, revealed the spatiotemporal differences and influencing factors of soil CO₂ and δ¹³$ {\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ in different land use types, clarified the mechanism of soil carbon cycle in typical dolomite areas, and provided a reference for the study of soil carbon cycle in these areas.
- soil CO₂ /
- soil δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ /
- dolomite /
- different land uses /
- temporal and spatial variation /
- influencing factor /
- soil carbon cycle

HTML

图 1 池武溪流域水文地质图及试验样点位置图

（S1为耕地、S2为撂荒地、S3为灌草地、S4为退耕还林地、S5为灌丛地、S6为有林地）

Figure 1. Hydrogeology of the Chiwuxi basin and locations of the sampling points

(S1: cropland; S2: abandoned land; S3: irrigation grassland; S4: fallow land; S5: scrubland; S6: forested land)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同土地利用类型土壤CO₂ (a) 与不同土地利用类型土壤δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ (b)

Figure 2. (a) soil CO₂ of different land use types and (b) soil δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ of different land use types

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 土壤CO₂浓度和土壤δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $变化特征

Figure 3. Variation characteristics of soil CO₂ concentrations and soil δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 不同土地利用类型土壤δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $与CO₂的关系

Figure 4. Relationship between soil δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ and CO₂ in different land use types

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 大气δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $变化

Figure 5. Changes of atmospheric δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 岩溶区土壤碳循环模型图（修改自[53]）

Figure 6. Model of soil carbon cycle in the karst area(modified from [53])

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 雨季、旱季土壤CO₂和δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $与土壤含水量和土壤温度的相关性

Table 1. Correlations of soil CO₂ and δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $ with soil water content and soil temperature during the rainy and dry season

变量	土壤温度		土壤含水量
变量	雨季	旱季	雨季	旱季
土壤CO₂	0.821**	0.551**	0.494**	0.282
土壤δ¹³${\rm{C}}_{{\rm{CO}}_2} $	−0.505*	−0.287	−0.078	−0.521*
注:表示在0.05的显著水平下显著；表示在0.01的显著水平下显著。 Note: indicates significant at the level of 0.05; ** indicates significant at the level of 0.01.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同土地利用类型监测点基本情况

Table 2. Basic situation of monitoring sites of different land use types

土地类型	编号	海拔/m	植被类型	植被盖度/%	土壤根系情况	SOC/mg·kg⁻¹
耕地	S1	962	玉米	43	极少根系	6790
撂荒地	S2	850	杂草	28	少量根系	3316
灌草地	S3	760	次生小灌木杂草	56	少量细小根系	3649
退耕还林地	S4	774	人工针叶林	59	少量根系	1086
灌丛地	S5	735	灌木杂草	67	含大量根系	2533
有林地	S6	687	天然高大乔木	82	根系较多	4138

下载: 导出CSV

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