广西岩溶区灌木林地凋落物—土壤碳、氮、磷化学计量特征

岳祥飞; 李衍青; 刘鹏

doi:10.11932/karst2023y032

广西岩溶区灌木林地凋落物—土壤碳、氮、磷化学计量特征

doi: 10.11932/karst2023y032

岳祥飞^{1, 2, 3,},
李衍青^4, ,,
刘鹏⁵

1.
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室/联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心，广西桂林541004
2.
岩溶动力系统与全球变化国际联合研究中心, 广西桂林 541004
3.
广西平果喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 广西平果 531406
4.
广西师范大学环境与资源学院, 广西桂林 541004
5.
广西大学林学院, 广西南宁 530001

基金项目: 广西自然科学基金面上项目（2018GXNSFAA138172）；广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目（桂科AA20161004）；中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项经费资助（2002372017007）；中国地质调查局地质调查项目（DD20230081）

详细信息

作者简介:
岳祥飞（1989－），男，助理研究员，主要从事退化岩溶生态系统恢复相关研究。E-mail：yuexf06@126.com

通讯作者:
李衍青（1982－），男，高级工程师，长期从事岩溶环境学研究。E-mail：yanqingli@mailbox.gxnu.edu.cn

中图分类号: S714
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-08
- 刊出日期: 2023-10-01

Stoichiometric characteristics of C, N and P in soil and litter of shrublands in karst areas of Guangxi

YUE Xiangfei^{1, 2, 3
,},
LI Yanqing^{4
, ,},
LIU Peng⁵

1.
Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR/ International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
2.
National Center for International Research on Karst Dynamics System and Global Change, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
3.
Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo, Guangxi 531406, China
4.
College of Environment and Resource, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
5.
College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China

摘要

摘要: 文章对广西7个典型岩溶石山区（隆林各族自治县、凌云县、东兰县、河池市金城江区、罗城仫佬族自治县、融水苗族自治县和桂林市雁山区）、63个灌木林地样方土壤及环境因子进行取样和调查，研究典型岩溶区土壤和凋落物有机碳（C）、全氮（N）和全磷（P）的化学计量特征及其影响因素。结果表明：（1）研究区灌木林地0~40 cm土壤C、N、P平均值分别为31.90 g·kg⁻¹、3.95 g·kg⁻¹和2.65 g·kg⁻¹，变异系数分别为40.13%、41.46%、65.24%；C/N、C/P、N/P平均值分别为8.10、14.82、7.80，变异系数分别为14.88%、48.78%和41.33%；0~20 cm土壤C/N、C/P、N/P值略高于20~40 cm土壤；0~20 cm和20~40 cm土壤C/N、C/P和N/P组间均存在显著差异；（2）土壤养分元素含量之间均存在极显著相关性，土壤养分元素生态化学计量特征与凋落物N、P含量显著正相关，与凋落物C/N显著负相关；土壤P含量与海拔显著正相关，土壤C/N与年平均气温呈负相关关系；年平均降水量与土壤C、P呈中等负相关关系；年平均气温与土壤C、C/N、C/P呈负相关关系，与土壤N呈正相关关系。广西岩溶区土壤和凋落物均具有低碳高磷的特征，凋落物氮、磷是影响岩溶灌丛土壤养分化学计量特征的重要因子，年均温升高会促进土壤N增加，降低土壤C/N，年均降水量增加会降低土壤C、P含量。
- 岩溶区 /
- 化学计量 /
- 土壤 /
- 凋落物 /
- 灌木林
Abstract: This study was conducted at seven typical karst areas (Longlin, Lingyun, Donglan, Hechi, Luocheng, Rongshui and Guilin) of Guangxi, China. These areas present subtropical monsoon climate, with annual temperatures averaging from 19.27 ℃ to 20.73 ℃, and the annual rainfall averaging from 1,149.2 mm to 1,931.3 mm. This study focused on the stoichiometric characteristics and the influencing factors of organic carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in soil and litter of typical karst areas. By field sampling and laboratory experiment, the stoichiometric characteristics of soil organic C, N, and P, and litter C, N and P of 63 shrub quadrats in the seven typical karst areas were investigated. Besides, the correlation between the variation in stoichiometric characteristics of soil and environmental factors were analyzed.The research findings show that: (1) the mean content of C, N and P in 0–40 cm soil was 31.90 g·kg⁻¹, 3.95 g·kg⁻¹ and 2.65 g·kg⁻¹, and the coefficient of variation was 40.13%, 41.46% and 65.24%, respectively. The mean value of C/N, C/P and N/P was 8.10, 14.82 and 7.80, and the coefficient of variation was 14.88%, 48.78% and 41.33%, respectively. The values of C/N, C/P and N/P in 0–20 cm soil were slightly higher than those in 20–40 cm. There were significant differences in soil C/N, C/P and N/P between 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm (P >0.05). (2) There were significant correlations among the contents of soil C, N and P (P <0.01). The stoichiometric characteristics of soil nutrients elements were significantly affected by litter N and P (P<0.05) which was negatively correlated with the C/N ratio of litter. There was a moderately negative correlation between mean annual precipitation and soil C and P. However, the mean annual temperature was negatively correlated with soil C, C/N and C/P, which was positively correlated with soil N.The soil C, N and P of typical karst shrubland in Guangxi presents high spatial heterogeneity, with the characteristics of low C and high P, and the litter is characterized by low C, high P, low C/P and low N/P. Litter N and P is the important factor affecting the stoichiometric characteristics of soil nutrients in shrubland of the karst area. The increase of mean annual temperature will promote the increase of soil N and decrease soil C/N, and the increase of mean annual precipitation will reduce soil C and P. Our research results have great significance for the theoretical improvement of the stoichiometric study on soil ecology, vegetation restoration in degraded karst ecosystem and the response of karst ecosystem to climate change in Southwest China.
- karst area /
- stoichiometric characteristics /
- soil /
- litter /
- shrubland

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图 1 研究区及采样点分布示意图

Figure 1. Location of the study area and distribution of sampling points

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图 2 不同深度土壤C、N、P含量

注：不同大写字母表示同一元素不同土层之间差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 2. Contents of soil C, N and P in different soil layers

Note: Different capital letters represent the significant difference of the same element in different soil layers (P<0.05).

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图 3 调查点土壤C、N、P含量

注：不同大、小写字母表示同一元素不同样地之间差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 3. Contents of C, N and P in the seven sites

Note: Different lowercase and capital letters represent the significant difference of the same element in different sample soils (P<0.05).

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图 4 土壤C/N、C/P和N/P

注：不同大、小写字母表示同一土层元素在不同样地之间差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 4. Soil C/N, C/P and N/P

Note: Different lowercase and capital letters represent the significant difference of the same element in different sample soils (P<0.05).

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图 5 凋落物C、N、P含量

注：不同小写字母表示同一元素不同样地之间差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 5. Contents of C, N and P of litter

Note: Different lowercase letters represent the significant difference of the same element in different sample soils (P<0.05).

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图 6 调查点凋落物C/N、C/P和N/P比

注：不同小写字母表示同一元素不同样地之间差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 6. Ratios of C to N, C to P and N to P of litter

Note: Different lowercase letters represent the significant difference of the same element in different sample soils (P<0.05).

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表 1 采样地环境状况

Table 1. Environmental conditions of the seven sampling regions

采样点	年均温/℃	年降水量/mm	经度	纬度	海拔/m	植被状况
LL	19.4	1 149.4	105°12′17.75″~ 105°38′00.71″	24°34′40.93″~ 24°52′12.92″	842~1366	植被以灌木、草本植物为主，植被盖度为60%~70%
LY	20.5	1 693.0	106°35′28.25″~ 106°41′58.96″	24°17′45.96″~ 24°24′25.95″	584~890	植被以灌木、草本植物为主，少量乔木，植被盖度为70%~90%
DL	20.2	1 615.0	107°22′55.21″~ 107°24′45.17″	24°27′33.66″~ 24°30′17.71″	401~806	植被以灌木、草本植物为主，植被盖度为50%~70%
HC	20.4	1 489.7	107°56′03.78″~ 108°08′27.44″	24°39′34.45″~ 24°43′28.96″	188~256	植被以灌木、草本植物为主，零星乔木，植被盖度为60%~80%
LC	19.5	1 540.8	108°49′48.91″~ 108°55′42.43″	24°44′11.79″~ 24°48′38.54″	292~374	植被以灌木、草本植物为主，植被盖度为70%~90%
RS	19.7	1 757.7	109°12′01.37″~ 109°14′55.63″	25°00′59.25″~ 25°05′14.77″	103~135	植被以灌木、草本植物为主，植被盖度为50%~70%
GL	19.3	1 931.3	110°14′16.29″~ 110°24′05.22″	25°03′19.20″~ 25°14′44.85″	133~176	植被以稀疏的灌木、草本植物为主，植被盖度为50%~60%

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 土壤养分化学计量特征与环境因子的相关系数

Table 2. Correlation coefficient between soil nutrient stoichiometry and environmental factors

	0~20 cm						20~40 cm
	C	N	P	C/N	C/P	N/P	C	N	P	C/N	C/P	N/P
年降水量	−0.36	−0.12	−0.40	0.02	0.14	0.17	−0.36	−0.21	−0.41	0.10	0.12	0.13
年均温	−0.40	0.61	0.14	−0.90^**	−0.45	−0.11	0.38	0.67	0.21	−0.79^**	−0.34	−0.16
海拔	0.12	0.15	0.41^**	−0.13	−0.29^*	−0.28^*	0.15	0.20	0.44^**	−0.20	−0.30^*	−0.28^*
土壤pH	−0.08	−0.04	0.02	−0.16	−0.12	−0.07	−0.05	0.02	0.08	−0.29^*	−0.21	−0.15
C_凋落物	0.22	0.19	0.05	0.15	0.20	0.19	0.16	0.12	0.05	0.25	0.22	0.17
N_凋落物	0.35^**	0.43^**	0.29^*	−0.07	−0.18	−0.16	0.29^*	0.32^*	0.29^*	−0.04	−0.20	−0.23
P_凋落物	0.16	0.26^*	0.68^**	−0.17	−0.50^**	−0.49^**	0.10	0.19	0.66^**	−0.28^*	−0.51^**	−0.52^**
C/N_凋落物	−0.31^*	−0.39^**	−0.29^*	0.08	0.22	0.20	−0.28^*	−0.32^*	−0.29^*	0.06	0.24	0.27^*
C/P_凋落物	−0.04	−0.19	−0.48^**	0.25	0.58^**	0.51^**	−0.12	−0.20	−0.50^**	0.26^*	0.52^**	0.51^**
N/P_凋落物	0.18	0.05	−0.38^**	0.27^*	0.55^**	0.48^**	0.06	−0.03	−0.39^**	0.31^*	0.47^**	0.45^**
注：代表P<0.05，代表P<0.01。 Note: : P<0.05，**: P<0.01

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