南亚热带不同菌根类型树种叶凋落物化学性质

巢林; 李忠国; 莫珍珍; 黄慧莲; 王爱华; 张建兵; 胡宝清; 刘艳艳

doi:10.11932/karst2023y009

南亚热带不同菌根类型树种叶凋落物化学性质

doi: 10.11932/karst2023y009

巢林^{1, 4, 5,},
李忠国²,
莫珍珍³,
黄慧莲³,
王爱华^{1, 4},
张建兵¹,
胡宝清¹,
刘艳艳^1, ,

1.
南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室, 广西地表过程与智能模拟自治区重点实验室, 广西南宁 530001
2.
中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心, 广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 广西凭祥 532600
3.
南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院, 广西南宁 530001
4.
中国科学院华南植物园,中国科学院退化生态系统植被恢复与管理重点实验室, 广东广州 510650
5.
湖南会同森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 湖南会同 418307

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金青年项目(31800333)；中央引导地方科技发展基金项目(桂科AD20238078，桂科AD19245133)；中国博士后科学基金(2022M713194)；广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFBA138009，2021GXNSFBA196021)；南宁师范大学科研启动项目(602021239257)；北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室(南宁师范大学)开放或系统基金项目(NNNU-KLOP-X1917)

详细信息

作者简介:
巢林（1988－），男，助理研究员，主要从事森林生态学研究。E-mail：fjchaolin@126.com

通讯作者:
刘艳艳（1986－）女，博士，助理研究员，主要研究方向：植物生理生态。E-mail：liuyanyan5000@163.com

中图分类号: S714
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-30
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-30

Chemical properties of leaf litter among tree species with different mycorrhizal types in southern subtropical China

CHAO Lin^{1, 4, 5
,},
LI Zhongguo²,
MO Zhenzhen³,
HUANG Huilian³,
WANG Aihua^{1, 4},
ZHANG Jianbing¹,
HU Baoqing¹,
LIU Yanyan^{1
, ,}

1.
Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Utilization in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
2.
Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Pingxiang, Guangxi 532600, China
3.
School of Geography and Planning, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, China
4.
Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510650, China
5.
Huitong National Research Station of Forest Ecosystem, Huitong, Hunan 418307, China

摘要

摘要: 文章以南亚热带24种木本植物（丛枝菌根、外生菌根和固氮树种各8种）叶凋落物为研究对象，探讨不同菌根类型树种叶凋落物化学性质的差异性。结果表明：叶凋落物在碳相关化学性质、养分含量以及化学计量比特征方面均表现出较大程度变异。不同菌根类型树种碳相关化学性质没有显著差异（P > 0.05），而养分含量（N、P、Mg）和化学计量特征（C/P、N/P）差异显著（P < 0.01）。固氮树种叶凋落物N含量（16.1 g · kg⁻¹）显著高于丛枝菌根树种（10.1 g · kg⁻¹）和外生菌根树种（10.7 g · kg⁻¹），但丛枝菌根树种叶凋落物P含量（0.4 g · kg⁻¹）要显著高于固氮树种（0.1 g · kg⁻¹）和外生菌根树种（0.08 g · kg⁻¹），而外生菌根树种Mg含量（0.51 g · kg⁻¹）则显著高于丛枝菌根树种（0.19 g · kg⁻¹）和固氮树种（0.03 g · kg⁻¹）；此外，固氮树种C/P和N/P均显著高于丛枝菌根树种。在南亚热带退化生态系统恢复过程中，应考虑不同菌根类型树种叶凋落物化学性质的差异，依据不同菌根类型树种养分利用策略的差异性选择适宜的恢复树种。
- 凋落物 /
- 菌根 /
- 化学计量 /
- 碳循环 /
- 生态恢复
Abstract: The sample plot is located in the Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, the southwest of Guangxi, China. In a typical southern subtropical monsoon climate, the annual temperature of this area averages at 21 ℃ with the lowest average at 12.5 ℃ in January and the highest at 27 ℃ in July. The average annual precipitation is between 1,200 to 1,500 mm, and shows obvious seasonality with the wet season from April to September and the dry season from October to March in the following year. The area is characterized by a typical landform with peak-cluster depression at the elevation ranging from 150 to 800 m. The main soil type in this area is red soil developed from carbonatite.Taking the leaf litter of 24 tree species with different mycorrhizal types (respective eight species for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, ectomycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixers) as the research object, we measured the chemical properties of leaf litter (non-structure carbohydrate, water-soluble carbon, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and tannin) and nutrient concentration (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Mn), analyzed the relationships of these properties, and explored the effects of different mycorrhizal types on the chemical properties. The results indicate that the chemical properties of leaf litter exhibited a fair degree of variation in carbon-related properties, nutrient contents and stoichiometric properties. There were no significant differences in carbon-related chemical properties among tree species with different mycorrhizal types (P>0.05). However, the nutrient content (N, P and Mg) and stoichiometry properties of leaf litter (C/P and N/P) were significantly different among mycorrhizal types. Nitrogen-fixer trees showed a significantly higher leaf litter N (16.1 g·kg⁻¹) than the trees with arbuscular mycorrhizal (10.1 g·kg⁻¹) and ectomycorrhizal fungi (10.7 g·kg⁻¹). However, tree species with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (0.4 g·kg⁻¹) exhibited a significantly higher P concentration than the trees with ectomycorrhizal fungi (0.1 g·kg⁻¹) and N-fixer (0.08 g·kg⁻¹) trees. The concentration of Mg (0.51 g·kg⁻¹) in the tree species with ectomycorrhizal fungi was significantly higher than the trees with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (0.19 g·kg⁻¹) and N-fixer trees (0.03 g·kg⁻¹). In addition, the C/P and N/P of N-fixer trees were significantly higher than the tree species with arbuscular. Hence the differences in the chemical properties of leaf litter among different mycorrhizal types should be considered during the restoration of degraded ecosystems, and appropriate tree species for restoration will be selected according to the strategies of nutrient utilization.
- litter decomposition /
- mycorrhiza /
- stoichiometry /
- carbon cycle /
- ecological restoration

HTML

图 1 不同菌根类型树种叶凋落物化学性质

注：不同小写字母表示不同菌根树种间叶凋落物化学性质差异显著(P<0.05)。

Figure 1. Chemical properties of leaf litter among different mycorrhizal types

Note: Different small letters represent significant difference in chemical properties of leaf litter among different mycorrhizal types(P<0.05).

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图 2 不同菌根类型树种叶凋落物化学性质主成分分析

注：图中叶凋落物化学性质缩写同表2。

Figure 2. Principal component analysis of chemical properties of leaf litter among tree species with different mycorrhizal types

Note: The abbreviation of chemical properties of leaf litter in figure is same as above 表2.

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表 1 不同菌根类型树种

Table 1. Tree species with different mycorrhizal types

菌根类型	编号	物种	所属科	生活型
丛枝菌根	1	割舌树 Walsura robusta	楝科 Meliaceae	常绿阔叶
	2	南酸枣 Choerospondias axillaris	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	落叶阔叶
	3	东京桐 Deutzianthus tonkinensis	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	落叶阔叶
	4	望天树 Parashorea chinensis	龙脑香科 Dipterocarpaceae	常绿阔叶
	5	光皮梾木 Cornus wilsoniana wanger	山茱萸科Cornaceae	落叶阔叶
	6	小叶红光树 Knema globularia	肉豆蔻科 Myristicaceae	落叶阔叶
	7	麻楝 Chukrasia tabularis	楝科 Meliaceae	落叶阔叶
	8	山牡荆 Vitex quinata	唇形科 Lamiaceae	落叶阔叶
外生菌根	9	蚬木 Excentrodendron tonkinense	锦葵科 Malvaceae	常绿阔叶
	10	青冈栎 Cyclobalanopsis glauca	壳斗科 Fagaceae	常绿阔叶
	11	栓皮栎 Quercus variabilis	壳斗科 Fagaceae	常绿阔叶
	12	美国山核桃 Carya illinoinensis	胡桃科 Juglandaceae	落叶阔叶
	13	枫香树 Liquidambar formosana	金缕梅科Hamamelidaceae	落叶阔叶
	14	湿地松 Pinus elliottii	松科 Pinaceae	常绿针叶
	15	红锥 Castanopsis hystrix	壳斗科 Fagaceae	常绿阔叶
	16	海南椴 Hainania trichosperma	椴树科Tiliaceae	落叶阔叶
固氮树种	17	格木 Erythrophleum fordii	豆科 Fabaceae	常绿阔叶
	18	仪花 Lysidice rhodostegia	豆科 Fabaceae	常绿阔叶
	19	任豆 Zenia insignis	豆科 Fabaceae	落叶阔叶
	20	海红豆 Adenanthera pavonina	豆科 Fabaceae	落叶阔叶
	21	顶果树 Acrocarpus fraxinifolius	豆科 Fabaceae	落叶阔叶
	22	台湾相思 Acacia confusa	豆科 Fabaceae	常绿阔叶
	23	降香黄檀 Dalbergia odorifera	豆科 Fabaceae	常绿阔叶
	24	银合欢 Leucaena leucocephala	豆科 Fabaceae	常绿阔叶

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表 2 24种叶凋落物化学性质

Table 2. Chemical properties of 24 types of leaf litter

叶凋落物化学性质/g·kg⁻¹	均值±标准误差	最小值	最大值	变异系数（CV）/%
C化学性质
碳（C）	448.19 ± 6.46	390.66	524.45	6.92
非结构性碳（NSC）	40.57 ± 1.94	19.28	56.27	22.91
水溶性组分（WSC）	224.96 ± 14.40	134.09	375.59	30.70
木质素（Lignin）	130.14 ± 6.27	93.58	182.76	23.12
纤维素（Cellulose）	134.63 ± 7.99	70.92	229.65	28.47
半纤维素（Hemicellulose）	88.02 ± 7.25	29.61	170.57	39.51
单宁（Tannin）	45.48 ± 5.53	9.45	117.72	58.30

养分含量
氮（N）	12.30 ± 0.92	3.45	22.83	35.79
磷（P）	0.19 ± 0.06	0.03	1.38	138.75
钾（K）	5.09 ± 0.48	0.95	11.14	45.64
钙（Ca）	27.93 ± 2.37	6.23	50.67	39.66
镁（Mg）	0.24 ± 0.07	0.01	1.06	130.77
锰（Mn）	2.51 ± 0.19	0.71	3.69	36.33

化学计量特征
木质素/氮（Lignin/N）	12.45 ± 1.70	6.23	47.84	65.50
碳/氮（C/N）	42.73 ± 4.94	19.87	144.54	55.44
碳/磷（C/P）	4 399.19 ±639.16	343.64	15350.37	69.68
氮/磷（N/P）	117.87 ± 17.88	8.74	382.19	72.70

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表 3 叶凋落物17种化学性质之间的相关性

Table 3. Pearson correlations of 17 chemical properties of leaf litter

化学性质	C	NSC	WSC	Lignin	Cellulose	Hemi- cellulose	Tannin	N	P	K	Ca	Mg	Mn	Lignin/N	C/N	C/P	N/P
C	1
NSC	−0.07	1
WSC	−0.34	0.42*	1
Lignin	0.30	0.13	−0.15	1
Cellulose	0.29	−0.49*	−0.55**	−0.13	1
Hemicellulose	−0.04	0.31	0.11	0.17	0.04	1
Tannin	0.06	−0.08	−0.05	0.12	−0.08	0.02	1
N	0.04	0.00	0.02	0.18	−0.11	−0.07	−0.24	1
P	−0.22	0.28	0.11	−0.16	−0.33	−0.18	0.03	−0.12	1
K	0.02	0.04	−0.07	−0.27	−0.24	0.06	−0.14	0.05	0.38	1
Ca	−0.41*	0.10	0.20	−0.32	−0.42*	−0.35	0.10	−0.18	0.34	−0.20	1
Mg	−0.09	−0.05	−0.37	0.25	0.30	−0.10	0.06	−0.22	−0.01	−0.30	−0.08	1
Mn	−0.14	0.27	0.12	−0.23	−0.44*	0.02	0.09	0.22	0.11	0.15	0.58 *	−0.34	1
Lignin/N	0.25	0.08	−0.14	0.46*	0.13	0.23	0.32	−0.75**	−0.12	0.28	−0.37	−0.30	−0.13	1
C/N	0.36	0.07	−0.14	0.13	0.40	0.27	0.25	−0.74**	−0.24	0.10	−0.36	−0.30	−0.21	0.87**	1
C/P	0.48*	−0.13	−0.24	0.23	0.56**	0.22	−0.03	−0.04	−0.83**	0.05	−0.28	−0.41*	−0.52**	0.37	0.59**	1
N/P	0.25	−0.18	−0.13	0.20	0.17	−0.06	−0.17	0.74**	−0.66**	−0.09	0.06	−0.22	−0.37	−0.42	−0.31	0.56**	1
注：表中数据为Pearson相关系数；P<0.05，P<0.01。 Note: The data in the table are Pearson correlation coefficient; P <0.05, ** P <0.01.

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