云南岩溶断陷盆地植被演替土壤碳氮磷化学计量学特征

胡林安; 邱江梅; 李强

doi:10.11932/karst20230607

云南岩溶断陷盆地植被演替土壤碳氮磷化学计量学特征

doi: 10.11932/karst20230607

胡林安^{1, 2,},
邱江梅^{1, 2},
李强^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室/联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心，广西桂林 541004
2.
广西平果喀斯特生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，广西平果 531406

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0502501)

详细信息

作者简介:
胡林安（1995－），男，硕士研究生。主要从事岩溶土壤微生物研究。E-mail：907174427@qq.com

通讯作者:
李强（1978－），男，博士，研究员。主要从事岩溶生物地球化学研究。E-mail：glqiangli@163.com

中图分类号: S153
计量
- 文章访问数: 222
- HTML浏览量: 20
- PDF下载量: 48
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-25
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-01

Stoichiometric characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in different stages of vegetation succession at karst graben basin of Yunnan Province, China

HU Lin'an^{1, 2
,},
QIU Jiangmei^{1, 2},
LI Qiang^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & GZAR/International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
2.
Pingguo Guangxi, Karst Ecosystem, National Observation and Research Station, Pingguo, Guangxi 531406, China

摘要

摘要: 岩溶断陷盆地生态环境脆弱，石漠化严重，植被恢复是该地区生态重建、水土保持的有效措施。文章采用空间换时间的方法，以云南省泸西县岩溶断陷盆地5种不同演替阶段（玉米地、人工林、草地、灌木林、原始林）不同土层（0~10、10~20 cm）的土壤为研究对象，对比分析不同植被类型和不同深度条件下土壤C（碳）、N（氮）、P（磷）含量及化学计量比差异，旨在探明研究区土壤养分垂向分布及化学计量学特征，为该地区植被恢复管理及土地合理利用提供科学依据。结果表明：不同演替阶段、不同土壤深度土壤养分含量存在较大差异；随着演替年限的增长，土壤SOC（土壤有机碳）、TN（总氮）含量总体呈增长趋势且主要表现在0~10 cm深度土层上，而TP（总磷）含量存在波动，未表现出明显变化规律；各演替阶段0~10 cm土层的SOC、TN含量数值上均要高于10~20 cm土层，除原始林地以外，其余演替阶段不同土层间TP含量没有显著差异；在0~10 cm土层上，C/N、C/P、N/P均与土壤SOC含量呈显著正相关，C/P、N/P与土壤TN含量呈显著正相关，土壤TP含量与C/N、C/P和N/P无显著相关性；植被类型和土壤深度显著影响研究区土壤SOC、TN和TP含量及其化学计量比。
- 岩溶断陷盆地 /
- 植被演替 /
- 土壤养分 /
- 化学计量学
Abstract: The contradiction between humans and land is prominent in the karst area of Southwest China. Human destruction of vegetation eventually leads to serious water loss and soil erosion, resulting in a large number of rocky desertification. In order to control the expansion of rocky desertification, the Chinese government has carried out a series of projects, such as returning farmland to forest, natural forest protection and Yangtze River shelterbelt projects, which have caused corresponding changes in land use and vegetation cover. As one of the most important types of rocky desertification control in China, karst graben basins are usually characterized by drastic changes in basin-mountain topography, great climate contrast, severe soil flow/loss, poor vegetation site conditions, and the slow recovery of community ecosystem. Therefore, the study on the comprehensive control of rocky desertification at the karst graben basin became urgent. The ecological stoichiometry is a state-of-the-art science that analyzes the regional circulation patterns of biogeochemical elements from the perspective of element metrology, which provides a new insight to solve the problem of nutrient supply/demand and circulation in ecosystems. It has important application value in the study of soil nutrient circulation and balance mechanism, and is one of the hot spots in current ecological research. However, domestic studies on ecological stoichiometry mainly select desert steppe, Loess Plateau and Minjiang River estuary as research areas in recent years. There is a paucity of systematic studies on soil metrology characteristics in different stages of vegetation succession at karst graben basins, and the response of soil nutrients and ecological stoichiometry to different types of vegetation restoration is still unclear.In order to elucidate the content and stoichiometric ratios of C, N and P elements in the soils in different stages of vegetation succession at karst graben basins, Santang, located in Xiaojiang karst basin, Luxi county, Yunnan Province, was selected as a study area. This area is dominated by a subtropical monsoon climate, with the average annual temperature of 15.2 ℃, the average annual sunshine of 2,122 h, and the average annual precipitation of 1,000 mm. The main tree species in the study area include Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco, sticky alder, Yunnan pine, and so on. In January 2018, by the "space for time" approach, the soils from 5 different stages of vegetation succession (corn land, grassland, shrub land, planted forest and primary forest) were collected from different soil depths (0–10 cm and 10–20 cm) according to the sampling method of profile excavation. The soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents were determined by potassium dichromate oxidation with an external heating method, Kjeldahl method, and molybdenum antimony anti-colorimetric method. Excel 2019 software was used for data statistics. One-Way ANOVA, Duncan's new multiple range test method (LSD), Pearson correlation and Two-way ANOVA in SPSS 25.0 software were used to study the variance and correlations of soil ecological stoichiometric characteristics. The study results are expected to further reveal nutrient restriction and nutrient change patterns in the vegetation succession process, meanwhile, providing the scientific basis for vegetation restoration management and rational use of land resources in karst graben basins.There were significant differences in soil nutrient contents in different succession stages, mainly manifested in the 0–10 cm soil layer. SOC and TN contents showed an overall increasing trend with the increase of succession years, while TP content fluctuated and showed no obvious change pattern. Soil C and N contents differed significantly among soil layers. Specifically, SOC and TN contents in 0–10 cm soil layer were higher than those in 10–20 cm soil layer at each succession stage. Compared with C and N contents, soil P content did not differ significantly among soil layers at each succession stage, except for the content in the primary forest. In 0–10 cm soil layer, C/N, C/P and N/P showed significantly positive correlations with SOC content; C/P and N/P indicated significantly positive correlations with TN content; soil TP content was not significantly correlated with C/N, C/P and N/P. There was no significant correlation between soil physicochemical properties and soil stoichiometric ratio in the 10–20 cm soil layer. In the present study, the N/P ratios of 0–10 cm soil in different succession stages were between 2.71 and 5.93, and those of 10–20 cm soil were between 3.11 and 4.92. Essentially, all of the N/P ratios of soil at different depths were lower than 10, indicating that vegetation growth in the study area was more likely to be limited by N. However, given the fact that P content in karst soil is relatively low, vegetation growth should be first limited by P rather than N. Moreover, vegetation types and soil depths significantly affected SOC, TN and TP contents and their stoichiometric ratios in the study area. In summary, soil nutrient and stoichiometric ratios at karst graben basins change significantly with vegetation restoration chronosequence, and soil physicochemical properties have an important impact on soil stoichiometric ratios. These results are of great significance for further research on soil nutrient balance and limiting factors in karst graben basins.
- karst graben basin /
- vegetation succession /
- soil nutrient /
- stoichiometry

HTML

图 1 不同演替阶段土壤C、N、P含量及化学计量学特征

注：a. b. c. 分别为不同演替阶段各层土壤SOC、TN和TP含量，d. e. f. 分别为不同演替阶段各土层C/N、C/P和N/P比值，不同大写字母表示同一植被不同深度土壤SOC、TN、TP及其化学计量比显著差异（P<0.05），不同小写字母表示同一深度不同植被土壤SOC、TN、TP及其化学计量比显著差异（P<0.05）。

Figure 1. C, N and P contents in soil and stoichiometric characteristics at different successional stages

Note: a., b. and c. are the respective contents of SOC, TN and TP of each soil layer in different successional stages. d. e. and f. are the respective ratios of C/N, C/P and N/P of each soil layer in different successional stages. Capital letters represent the significant difference of SOC, TN and TP and stoichiometric ratios of the same vegetation in different soil depths (P<0.05). Lowercase letters represent the significant difference of SOC, TN and TP and stoichiometric ratios of different vegetation in the same soil depth (P<0.05).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 样地基本情况

Table 1. Basic information of sample plots

演替阶段	经度（E）	纬度（N）	海拔高度/m	主要物种
人工林地	103.850°	24.508°	2 314.6	以水冬瓜(Alnus cremastogyne)为主
玉米地	103.851°	24.508°	2 291.0	以玉米作物(Zea mays L.)为主
草地	103.850°	24.508°	2 332.8	有火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.) Li)、针茅(Stipa capillata Linn.)、狗牙根(Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.)、蕨类(Pteridophyta)等
灌木林地	103.853°	24.508°	2 292.2	有檵木(Loropetalum chinense(R. Br.) Oliver)、小果蔷薇(Rosa cymosa Tratt.)、火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.) Li)等
原始林地	103.894°	24.508°	2 341.5	有云南松(Pinus yunnanensis)、小果蔷薇(Rosa cymosa Tratt.)、火棘(Pyracantha fortuneana (Maxim.)Li)等

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 土壤深度、植被类型与土壤SOC、TN、TP含量及其化学计量比的双因素方差分析

Table 2. Two-way ANOVA on the effects of soil depth and vegetation type on SOC, TN and TP contents in soil and their stoichiometric ratios

因素	F值
因素	SOC	TN	TP	C/N	C/P	N/P
A	33.987***	21.185***	28.055***	9.114***	61.569***	37.542***
B	64.180***	29.680***	5.266*	7.229*	67.388***	38.581***
A×B	6.052**	3.622*	1.076	1.298	7.482**	6.274**
注：A表示植被类型，B表示土壤深度，A×B表示两者交互作用，表示P<0.05的显著水平，表示P<0.01的显著水平，*表示P<0.001的显著水平。 Note: A represents vegetation type; B represents soil depth; A×B represents interaction between the two; represents significant level of P<0.05; represents significant level of P<0.01; *represents significant level of P<0.001.

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 土壤SOC、TN、TP含量与其化学计量比的相关性

Table 3. Pearson correlation among SOC, TN and TP contents in soil and their stoichiometric ratios

土壤深度/cm	组分	C/N	C/P	N/P
0~10	SOC	0.449*	0.736**	0.778**
	TN	0.201	0.562*	0.646**
	TP	−0.529	−0.485	−0.439
10~20	SOC	0.338	0.441	0.411
	TN	0.063	0.263	0.306
	TP	−0.105	−0.355	−0.375
注：表示P<0.05的显著水平，表示P<0.01的显著水平。 Note: represents significant level of P<0.05; **represents significant level of P<0.01.

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(47)

[1]	戴明宏, 张军以, 王腊春, 苏维词, 李阳兵. 岩溶地区土地利用/覆被变化的水文效应研究进展[J]. 生态科学, 2015, 34(3):189-196. DAI Minghong, ZHANG Junyi, WANG Lachun, SU Weici, LI Yangbing. A review on impacts of land use/land cover change on water resources in karst areas[J]. Ecological Science, 2015, 34(3):189-196.
[2]	李强. 土地利用方式对岩溶断陷盆地土壤细菌和真核生物群落结构的影响[J]. 地球学报, 2021, 42(3):417-425. LI Qiang. Land-use types leading to distinct ecological patterns of soil bacterial and Eukaryota communities in karst graben basin[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2021, 42(3):417-425.
[3]	刘方, 刘元生, 卜通达, 陈祖拥. 贵州喀斯特山区植被演替对土壤有效性氮磷含量及酶活性的影响[J]. 中国岩溶, 2012, 31(1):31-35. LIU Fang, LIU Yuansheng, BU Tongda, CHEN Zuyong. Impact of vegetation community succession on available N, P and enzyme activity of the soil in karst hill of Guizhou Province[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2012, 31(1):31-35.
[4]	杨慧, 朱同彬, 王修华, 蒲俊兵, 李建鸿, 张淘, 曹建华. 云南断陷盆地高原面典型小流域土壤元素含量特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2018, 27(5):859-865. YANG Hui, ZHU Tongbin, WANG Xiuhua, PU Junbing, LI Jianhong, ZHANG Tao, CAO Jianhua. Soil element contents of typical small watershed in the plateau area of karst fault basin, Yunnan[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2018, 27(5):859-865.
[5]	邓艳, 曹建华, 蒋忠诚, 周晓东, 岳祥飞. 西南岩溶石漠化综合治理水–土–植被关键技术进展与建议[J]. 中国岩溶, 2016, 35(5):476-485. DENG Yan, CAO Jianhua, JIANG Zhongcheng, ZHOU Xiaodong, YUE Xiangfei. Advancement in key technologies for comprehensive treatment of water, soil and vegetation resources in karst rocky desertification areas[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2016, 35(5):476-485.
[6]	罗美, 周运超, 唐凤华. 不同植被下碳酸盐岩石发育形成土壤属性研究[J]. 中国岩溶, 2023, 42(2):277-289. doi: 10.11932/karst2022y17 LUO Mei, ZHOU Yunchao, TANG Fenghua. Soil properties of carbonate rocks under different vegetation types[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(2):277-289. doi: 10.11932/karst2022y17
[7]	刘玉杰, 王世杰, 刘秀明, 刘方. 茂兰喀斯特植被演替中土壤微生物量碳氮研究[J]. 地球与环境, 2011, 39(2):188-195. LIU Yujie, WANG Shijie, LIU Xiuming, LIU Fang. Research on soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen at the different stages of vegetation succession in the Maolan karst area[J]. Earth and Environment, 2011, 39(2):188-195.
[8]	何高迅, 王越, 彭淑娴, 郭兆来, 刘嫦娥, 付登高, 段昌群. 滇中退化山地不同植被恢复下土壤碳氮磷储量与生态化学计量特征[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(13): 4425-4435. HE Gaoxun, WANG Yue, PENG Shuxian, GUO Zhaolai, LIU Chang'e, FU Denggao, DUAN Changqun. Soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stocks and ecological stoichiometry characteristics of different vegetation restorations in degraded mountainous area of central Yunnan, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(13): 4425-4435.
[9]	肖时珍, 何江湖, 曾成, 肖华, 石绍妮. 白云岩喀斯特地区土壤养分及生态化学计量特征[J]. 河南科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 41(2):76-81. XIAO Shizhen, HE Jianghu, ZENG Cheng, XIAO Hua, SHI Shaoni. Soil nutrient and ecological stoichiometry characteristic in dolomite karst area[J]. Journal of Henan University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), 2020, 41(2):76-81.
[10]	刘万德, 苏建荣, 李帅锋, 张志钧, 李忠文. 云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林演替系列植物和土壤C、N、P化学计量特征[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(23):6581-6590. LIU Wande, SU Jianrong, LI Shuaifeng, ZHANG Zhijun, LI Zhongwen. Stoichiometry study of C, N and P in plant and soil at different successional stages of monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu'er, Yunnan Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(23):6581-6590.
[11]	王月玲, 马璠, 许浩, 董立国, 万海霞, 蔡进军. 宁南山区不同年限撂荒梯田土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征[J]. 水土保持研究, 2019, 26(6): 25-31. WANG Yueling, MA Pan, XU Hao, DONG Liguo, WAN Haixia, CAI Jinjun. Stoichiometry of soil C, N, and P in abandoned terrace lands with different years in hilly region of southern Ningxia[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2019, 26(6): 25-31.
[12]	勒佳佳, 苏原, 罗艳, 耿凤展, 朱玉梅, 李凯辉, 刘学军. 围封对天山高寒草原4种植物叶片和土壤化学计量学特征的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(5):1621-1628. LE Jiajia, SU Yuan, LUO Yan, GENG Fengzhan, ZHU Yumei, LI Kaihui, LIU Xuejun. Effects of enclosure on leaves of four plants and soil stoichiometry in an alpine grassland of Tianshan mountains[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(5):1621-1628.
[13]	刘敏, 孙经国, 徐兴良. 土壤元素失衡是导致高寒草甸退化的重要诱因[J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(8):2574-2580. LIU Min, SUN Jingguo, XU Xingliang. Imbalance of soil elements drives the degradation of alpine grasslands[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2020, 39(8):2574-2580.
[14]	张超, 马亚亚, 刘国彬, 王杰, 李静. 黄土高原植被恢复过程中土壤微生物的演变特征[J]. 水土保持通报, 2018, 38(6):240-247. ZHANG Chao, MA Yaya, LIU Guobin, WANG Jie, LI Jing. Evolution of soil microbial community during vegetation restoration in Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 2018, 38(6):240-247.
[15]	宁静, 杨磊, 曹建华, 李亮. 基于文献计量分析的岩溶区植被恢复研究现状与热点[J]. 中国岩溶, 2023, 42(2):321-336. NING Jing, YANG Lei, CAO Jianhua, LI Liang. Bibliometric analysis of the current research focus on vegetation restoration in karst areas[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2023, 42(2):321-336.
[16]	郭二辉, 方晓, 马丽, 杨小燕, 杨喜田. 河岸带农田不同恢复年限对土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响:以温榆河为例[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(11):3785-3794. GUO Erhui, FANG Xiao, MA Li, YANG Xiaoyan, YANG Xitian. Effects of different recovery years on the ecological stoichiometry characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in riparian farmland: A case study of Wenyu river[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(11):3785-3794.
[17]	陶慧敏, 孙宁骁, 温家豪, Umair Muhammad, 袁俊, 杜红梅, 刘春江. 滇南喀斯特地区灌木群落和人工林土壤元素化学计量特征[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(24):9119-9130. TAO Huimin, SUN Ningxiao, WEN Jiahao, Umiar Muhammad, YUAN Jun, DU Hongmei, Liu Chunjiang. Characteristics of soil stoichiometry in native shrub and plantation communities in karst regions of Yunnan Province[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(24):9119-9130.
[18]	鲁如坤. 土壤化学分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业科技出版社, 1999.
[19]	李路, 常亚鹏, 许仲林. 天山雪岭云杉林土壤CNP化学计量特征随水热梯度的变化[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(22): 8139-8148. LI Lu, CHANG Yapeng, XU Zhonglin. Stoichiometric characteristics of Picea schrenkiana forests with a hydrothermal gradient and their correlation with soil physicochemical factors on Tianshan mountain[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38( 22): 8139-8148.
[20]	Tian Hanqin, Chen Guangsheng, Zhang Chi, Jerry M Melillo, Charles A S Hall. Pattern and variation of C∶N∶P ratios in China's soils: A synthesis of observational data[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2010, 98:139-151. doi: 10.1007/s10533-009-9382-0
[21]	李阳兵, 罗光杰, 黄娟. 茂兰喀斯特自然保护区撂荒地时空演变、机制及其植被恢复[J]. 中国岩溶, 2017, 36(4):447-453. doi: 10.11932/karst20170404 LI Yangbing, LUO Guangjie, HUANG Juan. Spatial-temporal evolution, mechanism and vegetation restoration of abandoned framland in the Maolan national nature reserve[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2017, 36(4):447-453. doi: 10.11932/karst20170404
[22]	陈柯豪, 杜红梅, 刘春江. 云南喀斯特断陷盆地典型群落植物生态化学计量学特征[J]. 中国岩溶, 2020, 39(6):883-893. CHEN Kehao, DU Hongmei, LIU Chunjiang. Characteristics of leaf ecological stoichiometry in typical plant communities in karst fault-depression basins of Yunnan Province[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2020, 39(6):883-893.
[23]	杨承栋. 我国人工林土壤有机质的量和质下降是制约林木生长的关键因子[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(12):1-12. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20161201 YANG Chengdong. Decline of quantity and quality of soil organic matter is the key factor restricting the growth of plantation in China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(12):1-12. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20161201
[24]	杨帆, 潘成忠, 鞠洪秀. 晋西黄土丘陵区不同土地利用类型对土壤碳氮储量的影响[J]. 水土保持研究, 2016, 23(4):318-324. YANG Fan, PAN Chengzhong, JU Hongxiu. Effects of different land use types on storage of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in western Shanxi hilly Loess Plateau region[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2016, 23(4):318-324.
[25]	党亚爱, 李世清, 王国栋, 邵明安. 黄土高原典型土壤全氮和微生物氮剖面分布特征研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2007, 13(6):1020-1027. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2007.0606 DANG Yaai, LI Shiqing, WANG Guodong, SHAO Ming'an. Distribution characteristics of soil total nitrogen and soil microbial biomass nitrogen for the typical types of soils on the Loess Plateau[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2007, 13(6):1020-1027. doi: 10.11674/zwyf.2007.0606
[26]	李智超, 张勇强, 宋立国, 厚凌宇, 孙启武. 江西大岗山不同林龄杉木人工林土壤碳氮储量[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2019, 39(10):116-122. LI Zhichao, ZHANG Yongqiang, SONG Liguo, HOU Lingyu, SUN Qiwu. Storage of soil carbon and nitrogen in Chinese fir plantations at different ages in Dagang mountain of Jiangxi Province[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2019, 39(10):116-122.
[27]	张雨鉴, 王克勤, 宋娅丽, 李加文. 滇中亚高山5种林型土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J]. 生态环境学报, 2019, 28(1):73-82. ZHANG Yujian, WANG Keqin, SONG Yali, LI Jiawen. Ecological stoichiometry of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in five forest types in subalpine of middle Yunnan Province[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2019, 28(1):73-82.
[28]	任扬航, 马明国, 张霞, 蔡悦, 游茂超. 典型喀斯特石漠化地区植被动态监测与土地利用变化的影响分析[J]. 中国岩溶, 2016, 35(5):550-556. REN Yanghang, MA Mingguo, ZHANG Xia, CAI Yue, YOU Maochao. Dynamic monitoring of vegetation and the impact of land use/cover change in the typical karst rocky desertification areas[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2016, 35(5):550-556.
[29]	成祥. 滇中不同土壤磷素条件下植物群落磷素营养策略与输出特征[D]. 昆明: 云南大学, 2019. CHENG Xiang. Phosphorus nutrition strategy and output characteristics of plant communities under different soil phosphorus condition in central Yunnan[D]. Kunming: Yunnan University, 2019.
[30]	陈志超, 杨小林, 刘昌华. 万安流域不同土地利用类型土壤全磷时空分异特征[J]. 土壤通报, 2014, 45(4):857-862. CHEN Zhichao, YANG Xiaolin, LIU Changhua. Spatial and temporal variations of soil total phosphorus under different land use types in Wan'an watershed[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2014, 45(4):857-862.
[31]	李义玲, 李太魁, 顾令爽, 杨小林. 紫色土丘陵区小流域不同土地利用方式土壤氮磷储量特征[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2018, 46(31):133-137. LI Yiling, LI Taikui, GU Lingshuang, YANG Xiaolin. Characteristics of soil nitrogen and phosphorus reserves of different land use modes of small watershed in purple hilly area[J]. Journal of Anhui Agriculture Science, 2018, 46(31):133-137.
[32]	Clemmensen K E, Bahr A, Ovashainen O, Dahlberg A, Ekblad A, Wallander H, Stenlid J, Finlay R D, Wardle D A, Lindah B D. Roots and associated fungi drive long-term carbon sequestration in boreal forest[J]. Science, 2013, 339(6127): 1615-1618.
[33]	An Hui, LI Guoqi. Effects of grazing on carbon and nitrogen in plants and soils in a semiarid desert grassland, China[J]. Journal of Arid Land, 2015, 7(3):341-349. doi: 10.1007/s40333-014-0049-x
[34]	吴鹏, 崔迎春, 赵文君, 舒德远, 侯贻菊, 丁访军, 杨文斌. 喀斯特森林植被自然恢复过程中土壤化学计量特征[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(3):80-92. WU Peng, CUI Yingchun, ZHAO Wenjun, SHU Deyuan, HOU Yiju, DING Fangjun, YANG Wenbin. Characteristics of soil stoichiometric in natural restoration process of Maolan karst forest vegetation, Southwestern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(3):80-92.
[35]	陶冶, 张元明, 周晓兵. 伊犁野果林浅层土壤养分生态化学计量特征及其影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(7):2239-2248. TAO Ye, ZHANG Yuanming, ZHOU Xiaobing. Ecological stoichiometry of surface soil nutrient and its influencing factors in the wild fruit forest in Yili region, Xinjiang, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(7):2239-2248.
[36]	王建林, 钟志明, 王忠红, 余成群, 沈振西, 张宪洲, 胡兴祥, 大次卓嘎. 青藏高原高寒草原生态系统土壤碳磷比的分布特征[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(2):9-19. WANG Jianlin, ZHONG Zhiming, WANG Zhonghong, YU Chengqun, SHEN Zhenxi, ZHANG Xianzhou, HU Xingxiang, DACIZHUOGA. Soil C/P distribution characteristics of alpine steppe ecosystems in the Qinhai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(2):9-19.
[37]	Zhao Fazhu, Sun Jiao, Ren Chengjie, Kang Di, Deng Jian, Han Xinhui, Yang Gaihe, Feng Yongzhong, Ren Guangxin. Land use change influences soil C, N, and P stoichiometry under 'Grain-to-Green Program' in China[J]. Scientific Reports, 2015, 5: 10195.
[38]	张光德, 赵传燕, 戎战磊, 毛亚花. 祁连山中部不同植被类型土壤生态化学计量特征研究[J]. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 55(4):533-540. ZHANG Guangde, ZHAO Chuanyan, RONG Zhanlei, MAO Yahua. Ecological stoichiometry of soils with different vegetation types in the middle part of the Qilian mountains[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University (Natural Sciences), 2019, 55(4):533-540.
[39]	魏兴琥, 徐喜珍, 雷俐, 周红艳. 粤北岩溶峰林不同地貌部位植被特征研究[J]. 中国岩溶, 2014, 33(4):441-448. doi: 10.11932/karst20140408 WEI Xinghu, XU Xizhen, LEI Li, ZHOU Hongyan. Study on the features of vegetation in different landforms of peak forest plain in the north Guangdong[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2014, 33(4):441-448. doi: 10.11932/karst20140408
[40]	张广帅, 邓浩俊, 杜锟, 林勇明, 马瑞丰, 俞伟, 王道杰, 吴承祯, 洪伟. 泥石流频发区山地不同海拔土壤化学计量特征: 以云南省小江流域为例[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(3): 675-687. ZHANG Guangshuai, DENG Haojun, DU Kun, LIN Yongming, MA Ruifeng, YU Wei, WANG Daojie, WU Chengzhen, HONG Wei. Soil stoichiometry characteristics at different elevation gradients of a mountain in an area with high frequency debris flow: A case study in Xiaojiang watershed, Yunnan[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(3) : 675-687.
[41]	由政, 张鹏, 薛萐, 王国梁, 姚旭. 退耕地植被演替过程对土壤化学计量特征的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2017, 25(3):657-661. YOU Zheng, ZHANG Peng, XUE Sha, WANG Guoliang, YAO XU. Effect of vegetation succession on abandoned corpland on soil stoichiometry characteristics[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(3):657-661.
[42]	彭晓, 方晰, 喻林华, 项文化, 黄志宏. 中亚热带4种森林土壤碳、氮、磷化学计量特征[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2016, 36(11):65-72. PENG Xiao, FANG Xi, YU Linhua, XIANG Wenhua, HUANG Zhihong. Change characteristic of soil C, N, P stoichiometirc ratios in mid-subtropical forests restoration[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2016, 36(11):65-72.
[43]	王慧, 郭月峰, 姚云峰, 祁伟, 秦富仓, 王佳坤. 不同土地利用方式下土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征[J]. 西南农业学报, 2020, 33(5):995-1000. WANG Hui, GUO Yuefeng, YAO Yunfeng, QI Wei, QIN Fucang, WANG Jiakun. Ecological stoichiometry of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus under different land use patterns[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 33(5):995-1000.
[44]	韩冰雪, 赵光影, 臧淑英, 邵宗仁. 大兴安岭多年冻土区森林湿地土壤碳氮含量及酶活性研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2018, 46(13):136-140. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2018.13.041 HAN Bingxue, ZHAO Guangying, ZANG Shuying, Shao Zongren. Soil carbon and nitrogen contents and enzyme activities in forest wetlands in permafrost regions of Daxing'an mountains[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 46(13):136-140. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2018.13.041
[45]	汪宗飞, 郑粉莉. 2018. 黄土高原子午岭地区人工油松林碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J]. 生态学报, 38(19): 6870-6880. WANG Zongfei, ZHENG Fenli. C, N and P stoichiometric characteristics of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in the Ziwuling region of the Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(19): 6870-6880.
[46]	周俊英. 黄土丘陵区典型种植梯田土壤肥力质量评价[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2017. ZHOU Junying. Evaluation of soil fertility quality of typical terraced fields in loess hilly region[D]. Yangling: Northwest Agriculture and Forest University, 2017.
[47]	王平安, 宫渊奇, 王琪武, 任旭明, 薄夫京, 张芸香, 郭晋平. 不同林龄华北落叶松人工林针叶–凋落叶–土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2020, 35(6):1-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2020.06.01 WANG Ping'an, GONG Yuanqi, WANG Qiwu, REN Xuming, BO Fujing, ZHANG Yunxiang, GUO Jinping. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry characteristics of needle leaf-leaf litter-soil from Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations with different stand ages[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2020, 35(6):1-9. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2020.06.01