A study of reservoir architecture of Dengying formation in Gsoshiti-Moxi area, Sichuan Basin
-
摘要: 川中高石梯—磨溪地区是我国迄今为止发现的单体规模最大碳酸盐岩整装气藏，震旦系灯影组受多期构造运动改造的影响，具有成岩和成藏演化复杂的特点。结合野外、岩芯、测井以及生产动态将储层构型划分4种，层状溶洞构型FMI成像测井为高亮背景下暗色斑点顺层分布；葡萄花边状溶洞构型为亮色背景下暗色斑块零星分布；角砾间溶洞构型为高亮背景下暗色斑点、暗色短线状影像杂乱分布；缝洞组合构型为高亮背景下暗色正弦线状影像和暗色斑点分布。层状溶洞构型推测为埋藏期外来酸性流体的溶蚀作用形成，角砾间溶洞构型、缝洞组合构型推测为表生喀斯特岩溶作用形成，葡萄花边状溶洞构型推测为次生成因，海平面下降时形成缝洞体系，海平面上升时海水充填缝洞，形成葡萄花边胶结物。不同储层构型在常规测井特征上也存在差异。通过多测井系列联立建立相应的判别模型，能在一定程度上将4类储层构型进行区分。利用测井构型解释成果，在地震反演约束的条件下开展了灯影组储层构型建模，分别在高石梯地区和磨溪地区，探讨灯四段储层构型平面展布规律。钻井试气结果表明层状溶洞构型厚度对油气产能有一定的控制作用，层状溶洞构型较发育区为勘探潜力较大的区域。Abstract:
There is a largest complete carbonate gas reservoir so far found in the mid of Sichuan Gaoshiti-Moxi area. Influenced by multi-period tectonic movement, this reservoir presents complex characteristics of diagenesis and reservoir formation. Combined with the field, lithologic, logging and production dynamic, the reservoir architecture can be divided into four types. The FMI of layered cavitation configuration shows layered distribution with dark spots on light background; the FMI of grape-lacelike cavitation configuration shows sporadic distribution of dark patches on light background; the FMI of the inter-breccia cavitation configuration shows clutter distribution of dark patches and short line images; and the FMI of cavitation configuration combined with crevices shows distribution of dark sinusoidal line images and patches on light background. The layered cavitation configuration is supposed to be formed by the dissolution of external acidic fluids during the burial period. The inter-breccia cavitation configuration and cavitation configuration combined with crevices are supposed to be formed by supergene karstification, and the grape-lacelike cavitation configuration is presumed to be a secondary cause—When the sea level rises, seawater fills the cracks and holes, forming grape lace cement. Different reservoir configurations are also different in conventional logging characteristics. The establishment of a corresponding discriminant model by multiple logging series can, to a certain extent, distinguish these four types of reservoir configurations. In this study, the single well logging, the variance function analysis, and the sequential indicator simulation method based on pixel are adopted to carry out the reservoir structure modeling of Dengying formation under the condition of seismic inversion constraint. The distribution law of reservoir configuration in No.4 segment of Dengying Formation in Gaoshiti-Moxi area is discussed. The method of reservoir structure analysis that enriches the methods and studies of carbonate rocks has a wide range of application prospects. The results of drilling gas test show that the thickness of layered cavitation configuration has a certain control effect on oil and gas productivity, and the areas where the layered cavitation configuration is relatively developed are of great exploration potential. -
图 1 川中高石梯－磨溪地区构造纲要图
Figure 1. Structural outline of Gaoshiti-Moxi area in central Sichuan
图 3 不同储层构型的微观/宏观特征
a1. 纹层状云岩，顺层溶蚀孔洞被后期沥青充填，GS18井（5 147.7 m） a2. 层状溶洞构型，金口河剖面，灯四段 b1. 低充填葡萄花边溶洞构型，峨边先锋剖面 b2. 低充填葡萄花边溶洞构型，MX11，灯二段 c1、c2. 角砾间溶洞构型，金口河剖面 d1、d2. 缝洞组合构型，金口河剖面
Figure 3. Micro/macro characteristics of different reservoir architectures
图 4 电阻率差与浅侧向电阻率交汇图
Figure 4. Crossplot of resistivity difference and shallow lateral resistivity
图 6 GS1井储层构型识别
注：CAL-井径/cm GR-自然伽玛（API） CGR-(API) CNL-补偿中子/% DEN-密度/g·cm−3 AC-声波时差/μs·m−1 Rxo-冲洗带电阻率/Ω·m RD-深侧向电阻率（Ω·M） POR-孔隙度/% PERM-渗透率/md FVDC-裂缝密度/条·m−1 FVPA-裂缝孔隙度/% SH-泥质含量/% Sw-含水饱和度/%
Figure 6. Reservoir architecture identification of Well GS1
图 7 磨溪地区北西－南东向连井对比剖面
Figure 7. Contrastive profile of connected wells in NW-SE direction in Moxi area
图 8 磨溪地区南西－北东向过井剖面
Figure 8. Contrastive profile of connected wells in SW-NE direction in Moxi area
图 9 磨溪地区灯四段层状溶洞构型厚度分布等值线图
Figure 9. Contour map of the thickness distribution of layered cavitation configuration in No.4 segment of Dengying formation in Moxi area
图 10 高石梯地区灯四段层状溶洞构型厚度分布等值线图
Figure 10. Contour map of the thickness distribution of layered cavitation configuration in No.4 segment of Dengying formation in Gaoshiti area
图 11 高石梯地区钻井无阻流量与D4-3小层层状溶洞构型厚度交汇图
Figure 11. Crossplot of impedanceless drilling flow and architecture thickness of D4-3 layered cavitation configuration in Gaoshiti area
表 1 高石梯-磨溪地区储层构型划分表
Table 1. Division of reservoir architectures in Gaoshiti-Moxi area
储层构型类型 岩芯 FMI成像测井 常规测井 特征 照片 特征 图片 层状溶洞
构型毫米至厘米级溶洞顺层发育，分布相对均一 
高亮背景下暗色斑点顺层分布 
中－低电阻、深浅电阻幅度差大、低自然伽马、中－高声波时差、中－低密度、中－高中子 葡萄花边状溶洞构型 葡萄花边状溶洞发育，洞体为未完全充填残余溶洞 
亮色背景下暗色斑块零星分布 
中－低电阻、低自然伽马、中－低声波时差、中－低密度、中－低
中子角砾间溶洞构型 沿角砾之间溶蚀形成大小不均、无一定分布规律的溶洞 
高亮背景下暗色斑点、暗色短线状影像杂乱分布 
中－低电阻，低自然伽马，中－低声波时差，中－高密度，中等中子 缝洞组合
构型岩心破碎、裂缝发育、基质溶蚀孔洞发育 
高亮背景下暗色正弦线状影像和暗色斑点分布 
中－低电阻，低自然伽马，高声波时差，低密度值，高中子 基质 岩石致密，基本不发育溶蚀孔洞，以泥晶、粉晶白云岩为主 
亮色背景，基本不含暗色斑点或斑块 
高电阻、低自然伽马、低声波时差、高密度、低中子 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 储层构型物性统计表
Table 2. Physical property statistics of reservoir architecture
构型 物性统计 孔隙度均值 孔隙度方差 垂直渗透率均值 垂直渗透率方差 水平渗透率均值 水平渗透率方差 层状溶洞构型 4.9 4.546 1.02 3.543 3.9 3.952 葡萄花边状溶洞构型 3.68 4.61 0.345 0.11 1.98 3.83 缝洞组合构型 4.26 4.512 2.255 3.134 32.43 15.58 基质 1.56 3.876 0.0353 0.008 0.182 0.084
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 高石梯—磨溪地区灯四段试气结果与层状溶洞构型相关性统计表
Table 3. Correlation between gas test results of No.4 segment of Dengying formation and layered cavitation configuration in Gaoshiti-Moxi area
地区 井名 灯四段无阻流量/104 m3·d−1 灯四段测试气产量/104 m3·d−1 D4-3小层层状溶洞构型厚度/m 磨溪 MX22 217.58 105.61 46 MX105 45.51 24.461 4 32 MX103 33.95 14.87 4 高石梯 GS7 531.01 105.65 34 GS6 459.86 209.64 36 GS102 190.53 62.63 24 GS9 178.49 126.66 35 GS12 117.40 61.675 5 20 GS8 117.34 76.72 30 GS1 77.99 36.001 6 25 GS11 7.77 5.34 20
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 冉隆辉. 论四川盆地天然气勘探前景[J]. 天然气工业, 2006, 26(12):42-44. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0976.2006.12.009RAN Longhui. Natural gas exploration prospect in the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2006, 26(12):42-44. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0976.2006.12.009 [2] 魏国齐, 杨威, 谢武仁, 谢增业, 曾富英, 莫午零, 沈珏红, 金惠. 四川盆地震旦系-寒武系大气田形成条件: 成藏模式与勘探方向[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(5):785-795. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.05.0785WEI Guoqi, YANG Wei, XIE Wuren, XIE Zengye, ZEN Fuying, MO Wuling, SHEN Juehong, JIN Hui. Formation conditions, accumulation models and exploration direction of large gas fields in Sinian-Cambrian, Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2015, 26(5):785-795. doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2015.05.0785 [3] 侯方浩, 方少仙, 王兴志, 黄继祥, 李凌, 王安平, 郭莉, 李少华. 四川震旦系灯影组天然气藏储渗体的再认识[J]. 石油学报, 1999, 20(6):16-21. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.1999.06.003HOU Fanghao, FANG Shaoxian, WANG Xingzhi, HUANG Jixiang, LI Ling, WANG Anping, GUO Li, LI Shaohua. Further understandings of the gas reservoir rocks of Sinian Dengying Formation in Sichuan, China[J]. Acta petrolei Sinica, 1999, 20(6):16-21. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.1999.06.003 [4] 陈宗清. 四川盆地震旦系灯影组天然气勘探[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2010(4): 1-14CHEN Zhongqing. Gas exploration in Sinian Dengying Formation, Sichuan Basin [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2010(4): 1-14. [5] 蔡珺君, 彭先, 李骞, 占天慧, 朱占美, 李文, 甘笑非, 邓庄, 王家树. 强非均质性碳酸盐岩气藏储集层再划分及不同生产阶段技术对策:以四川盆地磨溪—高石梯地区震旦系为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2021, 32(6):851-860.CAI Junjun, PENG Xian, LI Qian, ZHAN Tianhui, ZHU Zhanmei, LI Wen, GAN Xiaofei, DENG Zhuang, WANG Jiashu. Subdivision of strongly heterogeneous carbonate gas reservoir and technical countermeasures in different production stages: Case study of Sinian in Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2021, 32(6):851-860. [6] Allen J R L. The plan shape of current ripples in relation to flow conditions[J]. Sedimentology, 1997, 24(1):53-62. [7] Allen J R L. Studies in fluviatile sedimentation: bars, bar complexes and sandstone sheets(lower-sinuosity braided streams) in the Broun stones (L. Devonian), Welsh Borders[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 1993, 33(4):237-293. [8] Miall Andrew D. Architecture elements analysis: A new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits[J]. Earth Science Review, 1985, 22(2): 261-308. [9] Miall Andrew D. The geology of fluvial deposits: sedimentary facies, basin analysis and petroleum geology[M]. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1996: 74-98. [10] Miall A D. Reconstructing the architecture and sequence stratigraphy of the preserved fluvial record as a tool for reservoir development: a reality check[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2006, 90(7):989-1002. doi: 10.1306/02220605065 [11] Nilsen Tor Helge. Atlas of deep-water outcrops[M]. Tulsa: pro Type Graphics, 2007: 52-86. [12] 薛培华. 河流点坝相储层模式概论[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 1991: 51-63.XUE Peihua. An introduction to reservoir patterns of river dyke[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1991: 51-63 [13] 于兴河, 王德发, 郑浚茂, 孙志华. 辫状河三角洲砂体特征及砂体展布模型:内蒙古岱海湖现代三角洲沉积考察[J]. 石油学报, 1994, 15(1):26-37. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.1994.01.012YU Xinghe, WANG Defa, ZHENG Junmao, SUN Zhihua. 3-D extension models of braided deltaic sandbody in terrestrial facies-an observation on deposition of modern deltas in daihai lake, Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 1994, 15(1):26-37. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.1994.01.012 [14] 马世忠, 杨清彦. 曲流点坝沉积模式、三维构型及其非均质模型[J]. 沉积学报, 2000, 18(2):241-247. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0550.2000.02.012MA Shizhong, YANG Qingyan. The depositional model, 3-D architecture and heterogeneous model of point bar in meandering channels[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2000, 18(2):241-247. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0550.2000.02.012 [15] 贾爱林, 穆龙新, 陈亮, 黄石岩. 扇三角洲储层露头精细研究方法[J]. 石油学报, 2000, 21(4):105-108. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2000.04.020JIA Ailin, MU Longxin, CHEN Liang, HUANG Shiyan. Approach for detailed study of reservoir outcrop[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2000, 21(4):105-108. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2000.04.020 [16] 陈欢庆, 赵应成, 舒治睿, 孙作兴. 储层构型研究进展[J]. 特种油气藏, 2013(5):7-13, 151. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2013.05.002CHEN Huanqing, ZHAO Yingcheng, SHU Zhirui, SUN Zuoxing. Advances in Study on reservoir structure[J]. Special Oil and Gas Reserviors, 2013(5):7-13, 151. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2013.05.002 [17] 刘营, 龚燕秀, 黄纯虎, 侯绪林, 吴康军, 罗蓉, 刘勇. 川中高石梯—磨溪地区产层天然气地球化学特征[J]. 重庆科技学院学报(自然科学版), 2019, 21(4):17-22. doi: 10.19406/j.cnki.cqkjxyxbzkb.2019.04.005LIU Ying, GONG Yanxiu, HUANG Chunhu, HOU Xulin, WU Kangjun, LUO Rong, LIU Yong. Geochemical characteristics of natural gas production layers in Gaoshiti-Moxi Region, Central Sichuan, China[J]. Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology(Natural Sciences Edition), 2019, 21(4):17-22. doi: 10.19406/j.cnki.cqkjxyxbzkb.2019.04.005 [18] 汪泽成, 姜华, 王铜山, 鲁卫华, 谷志东, 徐安娜, 杨雨, 徐兆辉. 四川盆地桐湾期古地貌特征及成藏意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2014, 1(3):305-312. doi: 10.11698/PED.2014.03.05WANG Zecheng, JIANG Hua, WANG Tongshan, LU Weihua, GU Zhidong, XU Anʹna, YANG Yu, XU Zhaohui. Paleo-geomorphology formed during Tongwan tectonization in Sichuan Basin and its significance for hydrocarbon accumulation[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2014, 1(3):305-312. doi: 10.11698/PED.2014.03.05 [19] 四川油气区石油地质志编写组. 中国石油地质志: 卷十—四川油气区[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 1989: 82-86Editorial Committee of Petroleum Geology on Oil & Gas Zones in Sichuan Basin. Petroleum Geology of China(Vol. 10): Oil & Gas Zones in Sichuan Basin [M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1989: 82-86 [20] 魏国齐, 杨威, 杜金虎, 徐春春, 邹才能, 谢武仁, 曾富英, 武赛军. 四川盆地震旦纪—早寒武世克拉通内裂陷地质特征[J]. 天然气工业, 2015, 35(1):24-35. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2015.01.003WEI Guoqi, YANG Wei, DU Jinhu, XU Chunchun, ZOU Caineng, XIE Wuren, ZENG Fuying, WU Saijun. Geological characteristics of the Simian-Early Cambrian intracratonic rift, Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2015, 35(1):24-35. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2015.01.003 [21] 李启桂, 李克胜, 唐欢阳. 四川盆地不整合发育特征及其油气地质意义[J]. 天然气技术, 2010, 4(6):21-25.LI Qigui, LI Kesheng, TANG Huanyang. Unconformity characteristics of Sichuan Basin and its geological implication[J]. Natural Gas Technology, 2010, 4(6):21-25. [22] 四川省地质矿产局. 全国地层多重划分对比研究:四川省岩石地层[M]. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社, 1997.Sichuan Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources. Study on the nationwide multifold stratigraphic division and correlation: Sichuan oil and gas regions [M]. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press, 1997 [23] 姚根顺, 郝毅, 周进高, 蒋伟雄, 文龙, 倪超, 潘立银, 张建勇. 四川盆地震旦系灯影组储层储集空间的形成与演化[J]. 天然气工业, 2014, 34（3）: 31-37.YAO Genshun, HAO Yi, ZHOU Jingao, JIANG Weixiong, WEN Long, NI Chao, PAN Liyin, ZHANG Jianyong. Formation and evolution of reservoir spaces in the Sinian Dengying Formation of the Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2014, 34（3）: 31-37 [24] 斯春松, 郝毅, 周进高, 倪超, 潘立银. 四川盆地灯影组储层特征及主控因素[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2014(3):266-273.SI Chunsong, HAO Yi, ZHOU Jingao, NI Chao, PAN Liyin. Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of Dengying Formation in Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition), 2014(3):266-273. [25] 李旭兵, 刘安, 危凯, 赵灿. 雪峰山西侧地区震旦系灯影组碳酸盐岩储集特征及分布[J]. 地质通报, 2012, 31(11):1872-1877. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2012.11.011LI Xubin, LIU An, WEI Kai, ZHAO Can. Reservoir characteristics and distribution characteristics of the carbonate in Dengying Formation on the western side of the Xuefeng Mountain[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2012, 31(11):1872-1877. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2552.2012.11.011 [26] 何德军. 川东南地区灯影组沉积、储层特征研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2013.HE Dejun. The research of Sedimentary and reservoir characteristics of the Dengying Formation in Southeastern Sichuan [D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2013 [27] 王鹏万, 陈子炓, 李娴静, 程刚, 贺训云, 徐政语, 马立桥, 董庸, 黄羚. 黔南坳陷上震旦统灯影组地球化学特征及沉积环境意义[J]. 现代地质, 2011(6):1059-1065. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2011.06.004WANG Pengwan, CHEN Ziliao, LI Xianjing, CHEN Gang. HE Xunyun, XU Zhengyu, MA Liqiao, DONG Yong, HUANG Ling. Geochemical characteristics and environmental significance of Dengying Formation of Upper Sinian in Qiannan depression[J]. Geoscience, 2011(6):1059-1065. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2011.06.004 [28] 吴胜和. 储层表征与建模[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2010: 136-174WU Shenghe. Reservoir characterization and reservoir modeling [M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2010: 136-174 [29] 郝毅, 周进高, 陈旭, 潘立银, 胡圆圆, 胡安平. 四川盆地灯影组“葡萄花边”状白云岩成因及地质意义[J]. 海相油气地质, 2015, 20(04):57-64. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2015.04.008HAO Yi, ZHOU Jinʹgao, CHEN Xu, PAN Liyin, HU Yuanyuan, HU Anʹping. Genesis and geological significance of upper Sinian Dengying Dolostone with grape- lace shaped cement, Sichuan Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2015, 20(04):57-64. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2015.04.008 [30] 李振华. 复杂断块油藏储层地质建模研究[D]. 青岛: 中国石油大学(华东), 2010.LI Zhenhua. Geological modeling on the reservoir of complicated fault block [J]. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum (East China), 2010 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1383
- HTML浏览量: 917
- PDF下载量: 98
- 被引次数: 0
