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西南岩溶山区地下水资源评价方法对比研究——以寨底地下河流域为例

杨杨 赵良杰 潘晓东 夏日元 曹建文

杨 杨,赵良杰,潘晓东,等.西南岩溶山区地下水资源评价方法对比研究:以寨底地下河流域为例[J].中国岩溶,2022,41(1):111-123. doi: 10.11932/karst20220106
引用本文: 杨 杨,赵良杰,潘晓东,等.西南岩溶山区地下水资源评价方法对比研究:以寨底地下河流域为例[J].中国岩溶,2022,41(1):111-123. doi: 10.11932/karst20220106
YANG Yang,ZHAO Liangjie,PAN Xiaodong,et al.Comparative study on evaluation methods of groundwater resources in karst area of Southwest China: Taking Zhaidi underground river basin as an example[J].Carsologica Sinica,2022,41(01):111-123. doi: 10.11932/karst20220106
Citation: YANG Yang,ZHAO Liangjie,PAN Xiaodong,et al.Comparative study on evaluation methods of groundwater resources in karst area of Southwest China: Taking Zhaidi underground river basin as an example[J].Carsologica Sinica,2022,41(01):111-123. doi: 10.11932/karst20220106

西南岩溶山区地下水资源评价方法对比研究——以寨底地下河流域为例

doi: 10.11932/karst20220106
基金项目: 

中国地质调查局地质调查项目 DD20190326

国家自然科学基金项目 41502252

广西自然科学基金面上项目 2018GXNSFAA294015

详细信息
    作者简介:

    杨杨(1987-),女,硕士,工程师,研究方向:岩溶水循环与水资源评价。E-mail:yangyang_a@mail.cgs.gov.cn

    通讯作者:

    赵良杰(1986-),男,博士,助理研究员,研究方向:岩溶水循环与水资源评价。E-mail:zhaoliangjie@cgs.gov.cn

  • 中图分类号: P641.8

Comparative study on evaluation methods of groundwater resources in karst area of Southwest China: Taking Zhaidi underground river basin as an example

Funds: 

 DD20190326

 41502252

 2018GXNSFAA294015

  • 摘要: 西南岩溶山区地下水资源丰富,查清地下水资源量是科学管理水资源的基础,岩溶山区地下水资源量的评价方法多样,计算过程不同,进而评价结果也存在差异。本文选择寨底地下河流域为研究对象,采用四种不同的评价方法(总排泄量法、基流分割法、径流模数法、数值模型法)对流域地下水资源量进行评价,分析各方法的评价机理和流程,研究其主要影响因素,并对其适用性进行讨论。结果显示:针对西南岩溶石山地区,基流分割法简单快捷,适用于枯季地下水资源量评价,在雨季地下水资源量评价中存在一定不足;总排泄量法的评价结果较为准确,但资料获取难度大,且成本较高;数值模拟法运算高效,但需要大量的前期调查研究数据资料;径流模数法操作性较强,对岩溶山区具有较强的适用性,但参数的选择存在一定的不确定性,对评价结果影响较大。确定计算参数是水资源评价中的关键步骤,通过实测流量反推和灰色聚类法,可提高参数精度和计算效率。

     

  • 图  1  CFP模型原理示意图

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of CFP

    图  2  研究区含水层结构示意图

    Figure  2.  Structure diagram of aquifer in the study area

    图  3  寨底地下河流域水文地质简图

    Figure  3.  Hydrogeological map of Zhaidi underground river basin

    图  4  监测站点分布图

    Figure  4.  Distribution diagram of monitoring sites

    图  5  阳朔水文站2018年监测流量曲线和基流分割曲线

    Figure  5.  Monitoring flow curve and base flow segmentation curve of Yangshuo hydrological station in 2018

    图  6  网格剖分及剖面线位置

    Figure  6.  Grid division and profile position

    图  7  AA'剖面示意图

    Figure  7.  Diagram of AA' section

    图  8  BB'剖面示意图

    Figure  8.  Diagram of BB' section

    图  9  ZK7水位拟合曲线

    Figure  9.  Fitting curve of ZK7 water level

    图  10  G015水位拟合曲线

    Figure  10.  Fitting curve of G015 water level

    表  1  地下资源评价方法对比表

    Table  1.   Comparison of evaluation methods of underground resources

    评价方法限制因素适用条件
    总排泄量法工作量较大适用于小流域或单一时段的地下水资源评价
    基流分割法水文站点不足,不同基流分割方法计算结果差距较大,计算结果偏小适用于地下水动态变化较小,且具备水文站点的区域
    径流模数法地下水监测站点不足,参数取值具有一定主观性适用于水文地质条件清晰,且具有地下水长期监测资料的区域
    数值模拟法数据资料限制,模型结构仍需改进适用于研究程度较高,具有钻探、物探等资料的区域
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  监测站点2018年年度流量

    Table  2.   Annual flow in 2018 from monitoring sites

    监测站位置流量/m3s-1补给面积/km2
    G161钓岩地下河出口286.3251.92
    G0302水牛厄下降泉500.6173.89
    G0703东究下降泉365.0271.14
    G0324东究地下河出口946.2447.79
    G0445大浮地下河出口183.8594.07
    G0456菖蒲岭下降泉141.3752.64
    G0477寨底地下河出口1 737.2911.96
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  2018年地下水资源量计算表

    Table  3.   Calculation of groundwater resources in 2018

    子系统名称及编号含水岩组类型面积/km2径流模数/Ls-1km-2地下水资源量/万m3
    钓岩子系统Ⅰ1较纯全碳酸盐岩1.91724.630148.912
    水牛厄子系统Ⅰ2较纯全碳酸盐岩1.73623.610129.248
    次纯全碳酸盐岩1.31517.18071.220
    较纯半碳酸盐岩0.2229.8406.874
    次纯半碳酸盐岩0.0987.1602.224
    碎屑岩0.5192.3903.914
    东究西侧子系统Ⅰ3较纯全碳酸盐岩0.08323.4706.120
    次纯全碳酸盐岩0.73711.20026.038
    碎屑岩0.3172.6702.671
    东究东侧子系统Ⅰ4较纯全碳酸盐岩5.56820.480359.610
    次纯全碳酸盐岩0.97912.16037.526
    碎屑岩1.2482.67010.510
    大浮子系统Ⅰ5较纯全碳酸盐岩1.33118.56077.913
    次纯全碳酸盐岩1.37510.43045.222
    碎屑岩1.3623.18018.450
    菖蒲岭子系统Ⅰ6较纯全碳酸盐岩1.81219.290110.207
    次纯全碳酸盐岩0.82411.4509.429
    寨底子系统Ⅰ7较纯全碳酸盐岩9.14322.490648.483
    次纯全碳酸盐岩2.81810.32091.712
    碎屑岩0.0022.3600.015
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  寨底地下河系统水资源量

    Table  4.   Water resources of Zhaidi underground river system

    补给排泄项水资源量所占比例/%
    补给项/万m3a-1降雨入渗2 614.8282.27
    外源水补给351.8711.07
    含水层释放量211.526.66
    总补给量3 178.21100.00
    排泄项/万m3a-1岩溶管道排泄量2 642.4083.93
    含水层储存量308.549.80
    局部泉排泄量145.964.64
    水头边界49.901.59
    蒸发量1.640.05
    总排泄量3 148.6100.00
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  地下水资源量评价结果对比表

    Table  5.   Comparison of evaluation results of groundwater resources

    计算方法地下水资源量/万m3a-1主要影响因素
    总排泄量法2 423.45调查精度、地下水系统条件
    基流分割法1 148.49水文站控制范围、流量年内动态变化规律、分割算法
    径流模数法1 806.3地下水监测数据、水文地质参数
    数值模型法2 642.4资料精度、水文地质参数、模型结构及算法
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-09-12
  • 发布日期:  2022-02-25
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