0 Introduction

The pseudoscorpion genus Anatemnus Beier， 1932 belongs to the family Atemnidae Kishida， 1929， subfamily Atemninae Kishida， 1929. At present， Anatemnus contains 22 species distributed in Africa， North America， South America， Australia and Asia ^［1-4］.

The genus Anatemnus， with Chelifer javanus Thorell，1883 as its type species （by original designation），is characterized by the distance between trichobothrium interior terminal and fingertip equals that between interior sub-terminal and interior sub-basal； distance between exterior sub-terminal and exterior sub-basal longer than that between interior sub-terminal and interior sub-basal； pedipalpal patella not evidently expanded and nearly oval ^［5］. Only three Anatemnus species have been described from China， A. chaozhouensis Hu & Zhang， 2012 from Guangdong （Chaozhou City）， A. orites （Thorell， 1889） and A. reni Gao & Zhang， 2016 from Yunnan （Jinghong City）.

During the identification of Anatemnus pseudoscorpions collected in Yunnan Province in 2016， a new cavernicolous species was recognized and described here.

1 Material and methods

The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Museum of China West Normal University （MCWNU） （Nanchong， Sichuan， China）. The specimen was examined with a Leica M205FA stereomicroscope and an Olympus BX51 compound microscope.

The specimen is preserved in 75% ethanol. They were cleared in lactic acid for 12‒24 hours at room temperature then， after study， the specimen was washed in distilled water and returned to alcohol. Measurements follow Chamberlin ^［6］and are given in millimeter（mm）； proportions and measurements of pedipalps and carapace correspond to length/breadth， and those of legs correspond to length/depth. Terminology follows Chamberlin，Harvey ^［7］ and Judson^［8］.The following abbreviations used for the trichobothria， b= basal， sb = sub-basal， st=sub-terminal，t = terminal， ib = interior basal， isb = interior sub-basal， ist = interior sub-terminal， it = interior terminal， eb = exterior basal， esb = exterior sub-basal， est = exterior sub-terminal， et = exterior terminal.

2 Taxonomy

Family Atemnidae Kishida， 1929

Subfamily Atemninae Kishida， 1929

Genus Anatemnus Beier， 1932

species	Pedipalpal trochanter	Carapace	collecting environment	Chela with pedicel length/breadth
A. reni Gao & Zhang, 2016	two well-developed conical tubercles	with eyespots	under bark	3.35 times longer than broad
A. hemuensis sp. nov.	one well-developed conical tubercle	without eyes or eyespots	under stones (cave)	1.41 times longer than broad
A. chaozhouensis Hu & Zhang, 2012	one well-developed conical tubercle	with eyespots	under bark	2.89 to 3.09 times longer than broad
A. orites (Thorell, 1889)	one well-developed conical tubercle	with eyespots	under bark	2.20 times longer than broad

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Anatemnus hemuensis sp. nov.（Fig.1，Fig.2）

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Type material Holotype： ♀， China， Yunnan Province， Baoshan City， Lujiangba town， Hemu village， Gaoligong Mountains，Bianfu cave，24º58.883'N， 98º48.318'E， 1，275 m， 15 June 2016， leg. LI Yunchun. The cave is approximately 700 m long， and 2 to 5 m high. The type was collected from under stones which is about 300 m of the cave entrance. The annual average temperature was 16.0 ℃ and 1，000 mm of precipitation in this area.

Diagnosis Anatemnus hemuensis sp. nov. differs from all other species of the genus Anatemnus， except for A. subvastus and A. cavernicola， by lack of eye-spots. It is easily separated from A. subvastus and A. cavernicola by body size， A. hemuensis with a pedipalp femur length of 0.90 mm in female， larger than A. subvastus （0.64 mm） but shorter than （1.25 mm）.

Description Pedipalps reddish-brown； Carapace， tergites and sternites brown； legs slightly yellowish. Carapace as long as broad， 1.1 times longer than broad， widest at posterior margin （Fig.2A）； roughly sclerotized， distinctly granulate， without eyes or eyespots； anterior margin with 12 setae and posterior margin with seven setae； without transverse furrows； with 14 lyrifissures.

Tergal chaetotaxy Tergites divided except for the first three ones； chaetotaxy of half-tergites 6： 4： 5+1 （lateral seta）： 5+1 （lateral seta）+2 （medial seta）： 4+1+2： 4+1+2： 5+1+2： 6+1+2： 5+1+2： 6+1+5， XI totally 10 （4 longer setae）； circum-anal setae short and apically denticulate. IV-X sternites divided； chaetotaxy of sternites 9+1+1： 8+1+1： 7+1+1： 8+1+1： 6+1+1： 8+1+1： 6+1+1， XI totally 9 （4 longer setae）. Manducatory process with five apical setae and one sub-oral seta； coxae of pedipalps granulate， with 13 setae （1 tactile seta， distal ones slightly clavate）. Coxae I 11， II 12， III 14， IV 17. Anterior genital operculum with 12 stout and short setae， posterior operculum with eight setae located in one row on anterior border （Fig. 2F）.

Chelicera （Fig.2B-C） With 4 setae on palm， basal and subbasal seta dentate. Fixed finger with three teeth， movable finger with broad tooth-like subapical lobe， serrula exterior with 25 lamellae. Rallum with four blades， two proximal blade smooth， two distal blades with spinules on leading face.

Pedipalps （Fig.2G-I） Trochanter almost entirely granulate， with distinct rounded dorsal hump， 1.7 times longer than broad； femur finely granulate， with short and distinct pedicel， 2.8 times longer than broad； patella finely granulate， patella slightly shorter and wider than femur， 2.2 times longer than broad. Chela with pedicel 2.7 times longer than broad， hand 1.9 times longer than broad； movable finger shorter than hand with pedicel. Movable finger with 31 contiguous rounded marginal teeth， fixed finger with 25 contiguous rounded marginal teeth. Fixed finger with eight trichobothria， movable finger with four trichobothria； eb and esb situated at the base of fixed finger on retrolateral face， ib and ist situated at the base of fixed finger on prolateral face， isb slightly proximal to est， it midway between et and est； movable finger st somewhat closer to t than to sb， sb distinctly closer to b than to st.

Legs （Fig.2D-E） Elongate， distal position with strongly curved seta on tarsus I and IV. Leg I， femur 1.1 times longer than deep， patella 2.4 times， tibia 3.4 times， tarsus 4.1 times. Leg IV， femur+patella 3.0 times longer than deep， tibia 3.9 times， tarsus 4.0 times， without tactile seta， dentate pseudotactile seta not observable （fallen off from body）. Arolia undivided， slightly shorter than smooth and large claws.

Measurements （in mm） Female （holotype）. Body length 4.51； carapace （length/breadth） 1.11/0.94. Pedipalps： trochanter 0.47/0.28， femur 0.90/0.32， patella 0.82/0.37， length of chela （with pedicel） 1.41， hand （with pedicel） 0.99/0.53， length of movable finger 0.59. Leg I， femur 0.25/0.22， patella 0.45/0.19， tibia 0.48/0.14， tarsus 0.45/0.11. Leg IV， femur+patella 0.91/0.30， tibia 0.70/0.18， tarsus 0.48/0.12.

Etymology The new species is named after Hemu Village near the type locality.

Distribution China （Yunnan）.

3 Discussion

Outside of China， only one species of Anatemnus appears to be restricted to a cave environment： A. cavernicola Beier， 1976 described from "Jump Up Cave" （Australia） ^［9］. The new species can be easily distinguished from the latter by the carapace with two very shallow transverse furrows and chela with pedicel 2.9 times longer than broad. The new species is similar to A. subvastus described from subterranean environments （Australia） by both lack of eyespots， but differs in the manducatory process that has five apical setae （only two in A. subvastus） and movable finger with 31 contiguous rounded teeth instead of 49 in A. subvastus.

The Gaoligong Mountains， which belong to the southern part of the Hengduan Mountains， occupying the southeast of Tibet Plateau， northwest of Yunnan Province in China and Kachin state in Northern Myanmar. The northern and central parts of Gaoligong Mountains belong to the northern subtropical humid climate zone， while the southern part belongs to the central subtropical climate zone. The cave is hidden in the woods， with underground rivers flowing out， and inhabited by a large number of bats. Species of the genus Megachernes Beier， 1932 were also been found during the collection， living together with A.hemuensis under stones， but Megachernes is more abundant there. A large amount of bat guanos was piled up around these stones. Whether this new species carries food with the bat guanos or not in the cave to adapt to the cave environment is a question that should be explored and studied in the future.