短时间尺度下旅游洞穴空气环境自净能力研究——以绥阳大风洞为例

范宝祥; 周忠发; 朱粲粲; 汪炎林; 薛冰清; 汤云涛; 田衷珲

doi:10.11932/karst2020y03

短时间尺度下旅游洞穴空气环境自净能力研究——以绥阳大风洞为例

doi: 10.11932/karst2020y03

贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院/地理与环境科学学院，贵阳 550001/贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地，贵阳 550001

基金项目: 贵州师范大学资助博士科研项目(GZNUD[2017]6号)；国家自然科学基金项目(41361081,41661088)；贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划(黔科合平台人才[2016]5674)

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- 发布日期: 2020-04-25

Self-purification ability of tourist caves on a short-term scale: An example of the Dafeng cave in Suiyang county

School of Karst Science/School of Geography and Environmental Science , Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001,China/The State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China

摘要

摘要: 在2017年9月30日-10月9日对贵州绥阳大风洞洞内的温度、湿度、CO2浓度和洞外的温度、湿度、降雨量等指标进行为期10天的连续自动监测，并结合监测期内游客量和当地降雨情况，利用数理统计方法进行分析，结果发现：洞穴空气环境的自净能力主要取决于洞内气流交换的强弱程度，尤其是在极端天气(主要指夏秋季降雨)下，洞外温度降低，促使通风模式发生转变，进而增强了洞内外气流的交换，提高了洞穴环境的自净能力。但洞穴空气环境的自净能力是有限度的，除温度、湿度外，当游客产生的CO2浓度超过洞穴空气环境的自净能力阈值时，洞内CO2会出现累积效应；反之，洞内CO2浓度又回归至洞穴环境背景值。同时，洞穴空气环境的自净能力反应时间也会因洞腔体积、洞道结构等的不同而有所差异，大风洞1#、2#、3#监测点的自净能力反应时间分别为15 h、18 h、20 h。
- 喀斯特洞穴 /
- 短时间尺度 /
- 自净能力 /
- 洞穴空气环境 /
- 旅游活动
Abstract: The Shuanghedong cave system lies in Shuyang county, Zunyi City, northern Guizhou Province, which is the primary source of the Furong river that is the first-order tributary of the Wujiang river. This cave system is 257.4 km long, ranked as first in Asia and fifth in the world now. Around the cave, strata trend is mainly NNE with highly variable dip angles. The exposed rocks include dolomites of the Cambrian middle-upper Loushanguan formation (∈2-3l) and the Ordovician lower Tongzi formation (O1t),of which the gray dolomite and porphyrite and muddy dolomite are dominant. Overall this area belongs to a mid-subtropical monsoon climate. The Dafeng cave is a branch of the Shuanghedong cave system. Its tunnel is complex, where there are many beautiful secondary calcium carbonate sedimentary landscapes. The purpose of this work was to explore the self-purification ability of the air environment in the Dafeng cave and its response mechanism. Temperature, humidity, CO2 and concentration at three sites, 1# (Shiguangsuidao), 2# (Yemingzhu), 3# (Shenquanyulu),in the cave and temperature, humidity, rainfall and other indicators outside the cave weare monitored continuously and automatically for 10 days from September 30th to October 9th, 2017. Combined with the amount of tourists and local rainfall during the monitoring period, a mathematical statistics was made to the measurement data above. The results show that the self-purification ability of the cave air environment mainly depends on the intensity of the air exchange in the cave, especially in the extreme weather (rainy days in summer and autumn). The temperature outside the cave makes the ventilation mode change, thus strengthening air exchange between the inside and outside of the cave. Airflow exchange improves the self-purification ability of the cave environment. Nevertheless such ability remains limited. Besides the temperature and humidity, when the CO2 concentration generated by the tourists exceeds the threshold value of self-purification capacity of the cave air environment, the cumulative effect of CO2 in the cave occurs. Otherwise, the CO2 concentration in the cave returns to the background value of the cave environment. At the same time, the self-purification ability reaction time of the cave air environment will also differ due to varied cavity volume and tunnel structure, for instance such reaction time at monitoring sites 1#, 2#, and 3# of the cave is 15, 18, and 20 hours, respectively.
- karst cave /
- short-term scale /
- self-purification ability /
- cave air environment /
- tourist activity

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