石笋生长直径的测定及其在古气候重建中的应用

高滨升; 胡超涌

doi:10.11932/karst2019y16

石笋生长直径的测定及其在古气候重建中的应用

doi: 10.11932/karst2019y16

中国地质大学（武汉）地球科学学院，武汉 430074

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金重点项目（41731177）

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出版历程
- 发布日期: 2019-06-25

Measurement of a stalagmite diameter and its application for paleoclimate

School of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan,Hubei 430074,China

摘要

摘要: 石笋是第四纪陆地气候重建的良好信息载体，对了解过去气候和环境的演变十分重要。中国石笋具有生长相对连续，年代准确，信息丰富等特点，为全球季风及其长期演化提供了不可多得的视窗。基于石笋而开发了一系列气候替代指标，如δ18O、δ13C、微量元素及其同位素组成、有机化合物及其同位素组成、生长速率等，在石笋古气候重建中得到广泛的应用。但是，作为石笋形貌学的基本特征，对石笋的生长直径及其对气候变化的指示意义却鲜有报道。本研究中，作者首先提出一种测定石笋生长直径的方法，然后利用该方法测定了湖北清江和尚洞HS4石笋顶部35 cm的石笋生长直径，并与研究区的气温和洪涝频率记录进行比较，探讨石笋生长直径对气候变化的响应。研究表明，通过纹层的识别和不同深度上纹层宽度的测定而建立的指数回归法较好地表征了石笋的生长直径，适合于一些具有明显纹层的石笋直径测定。HS4石笋的实际生长直径比理论计算值偏小，可能与洞穴结构有关；高的落差增加了岩溶滴水的冲力，水滴飞溅而导致有效水量的损失，即滴水的有效体积减少，石笋直径偏小。与温度相比，降水对石笋直径的影响更加显著，因而石笋直径是一个有效降水的替代指标，有望在石笋古气候的研究中得到应用。
- 石笋 /
- 直径 /
- 滴水速率 /
- 洪涝频率 /
- 长江中游
Abstract: Stalagmite is a good information carrier for Quaternary terrestrial climate reconstruction, which is very important for understanding the evolution of the past climate and environment. Chinese stalagmites are characterized by relatively continuous growth, accurate dating and abundant information, which provide a rare perspective for the Asian monsoon and its long-term evolution. Based on stalagmites, a series of alternative indicators have been developed, such as δ18O, δ13C, trace elements and their isotopes, organic compounds and associated isotope composition, growth rate and etc, which have been widely used in the reconstruction of palaeoclimate environment. However, as a basic feature of stalagmite morphology, the growth diameter of stalagmite has rarely been studied, and its implications for climate change need to be investigated. In this study, we first proposed a method to determine the growth diameter of stalagmites. Then, we used this method to measure the growth diameter of stalagmites at the top 35 cm section of HS4 Stalagmite in Heshang cave, Qingjiang, Hubei Province. The results were compared with the temperature and flood frequency records in the study area to explore the response of the stalagmite diameter growth to climate change. The results show that the growth of the stalagmite diameters can be well characterized by the exponential regression method based on the identification of the lamina and the measurement of the broad band of the lamina at different depths, which can be used to determine the diameter of some stalagmites with obvious lamina. The actual growth diameter of HS4 stalagmite is smaller than the theoretical calculation value, which may be related to the cave structure. The high drop of the cave increases the momentum of karst dripping water, and the splash of water drip results in the loss of effective water volume, thus the effective volume of dripping water decreases greatly and the actual diameter of HS4 stalagmite is smaller. Compared with temperature, the influence of precipitation on stalagmite diameter is more significant. Therefore, stalagmite diameter is an alternative proxy of effective precipitation, which is expected to be applied in the study of stalagmite palaeoclimate.
- stalagmite, diameter, drip rate /
- flood frequency, middle reaches of Yangze River /

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