Geologic conditions and distribution features of Tiankeng groups in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province
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摘要: 通过对陕西汉中天坑群岩溶地质遗迹的广泛调查和分析，确定了宁强禅家岩、南郑小南海、西乡骆家坝和镇巴三元四个天坑群集中分布区，从地层岩性、地貌、构造等方面总结了汉中天坑群形成地质条件和分布规律，研究认为二叠纪－三叠纪巨厚的碳酸盐岩地层为天坑（群）发育的物质基础，断裂、褶皱构造是天坑（群）形成的控制条件，特别是次级构造决定了天坑发育的具体位置，新构造抬升及湿热的气候为天坑的形成提供了岩溶动力。汉中天坑群水平上呈带状成群分布，垂向上差异较大，1 000~2 000 m居多的空间分布特征。岩溶天坑的形成经历了四个阶段的演化过程。Abstract: An extensive investigation determines the Tiankeng groups in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province which are concentrated at four places, Chanjiayan of Ningqiang, Chanjiayan Group, Nanzheng Xiaonanhai of Nanzheng, Luojiaba of Xixiang and Sanyuan of Zhenba. Their geological conditions and genesis are analyzed from stratum lithology, geomorphology and structure. It is considered that the very thick carbonate strata of Permian-Triassic was the material basis for development of these big karst caves. Faults and folds controlled their generation, especially the secondary structure determined their locations. New tectonic uplift and hot and humid climate provide karst dynamic power for the formation of Tiankeng.These Tiankeng groups are clustered in a belt-like pattern in plane with large differences in vertical direction. Most of the caves are located at altitudes of 1,000-2,000 m. These results allow us to understand that the formation of Tiankeng groups has undergone four stage evolution.
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Key words:
- Shaanxi /
- Tiankeng groups in Hanzhong /
- geological condition /
- distribution feature
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