硫酸型酸雨参与碳酸盐岩溶蚀的研究进展

黄奇波; 覃小群; 程瑞瑞; 李腾芳; 刘朋雨

doi:10.11932/karst20190201

硫酸型酸雨参与碳酸盐岩溶蚀的研究进展

doi: 10.11932/karst20190201

中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室，广西桂林 541004

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目"典型地下河流域不同岩性外源水碳汇原因及效应研究"（41571203）；广西重点基金项目"酸雨条件下岩溶动力系统内碳酸盐岩溶蚀过程及对岩溶碳汇效应的影响机制"（2018GXNSFDA281036）；中国地质调查项目"桂江-柳江流域水文地质环境地质调查"（DD20190343）

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- 发布日期: 2019-04-25

Research progress of sulfuric acid rain participating in the dissolution of carbonate rocks

Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Treatment of Rocky Desertification，MNR&GZAR，Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China

摘要

摘要: 碳酸盐岩的H2CO3溶蚀产生岩溶碳汇，占整个岩石风化碳汇的 94%。西南岩溶区硫酸型酸雨严重，硫酸型酸雨广泛参与碳酸盐岩的溶蚀。H2SO4参与的碳酸盐岩风化是一个大气CO2净释放过程，具有减汇作用巨大。另一方面，岩溶区石灰土壤和地下水具有较高的pH值及盐基饱和度，对H+有巨大的缓冲作用，大气酸沉降在碳酸盐岩地区可能并不会造成地下水的HCO3-和pH降低；相反，较高浓度的SO42-所产生的盐效应和SO2-4与各种阳离子形成的离子对会增大方解石、白云石溶解度，可增强H2CO3对碳酸盐的溶蚀，这可能会使岩溶作用产生更大的碳汇效应。因此，硫酸型酸雨参与碳酸盐岩风化的减汇效应不仅可能被高估，硫酸型酸雨还可能增强碳酸盐岩的H2CO3溶蚀，具有增加岩溶碳汇效应的作用。应结合石灰土壤对大气酸沉降的缓冲容量和阈值及大气酸沉降的H+与土壤中盐基离子的交换量，并综合考虑盐效应、离子对作用、同离子效应，客观评价硫酸型酸雨流经石灰土壤层后对碳酸盐岩溶蚀吸收大气/土壤CO2的影响
- 硫酸型酸雨 /
- 岩溶碳汇 /
- 酸缓冲容量 /
- 盐效应 /
- 同离子效应
Abstract: Carbonate rocks dissolved by carbonic acid plays an important role in contributing to the atmospheric and pedospheric CO2 uptake, which accounts for 94% of the globe carbon sinks of rock weathering. Nowadays, the sulfuric acid rain in karst area of southwest China is serious, and acid rain is widely involved in the dissolution of carbonate rocks. On one hand, the weathering of carbonate rocks with sulfuric acid participation is a net release process of atmospheric CO2, which has a great effect on reducing the sink; on the other hand, the soil formed by the weathering of carbonate rocks and the karst groundwater have higher pH and salt base saturation, which would have a great buffer effect on H+. Thus, atmospheric acid deposition in carbonate rock area will not cause the decrease of HCO3- and pH of groundwater. On the contrary, the salt load produced by relatively high concentrations of SO42- and the ion pairs formed by SO42- with various cations will increase the solubility of calcite and dolomite, which could enhance the carbonate dissolution by H2CO3 and produce more CO2 uptake in karst processes. Therefore, the deficit of CO2 uptake involved in carbonate weathering by sulfuric acid rain may be overvalued, the acid rain can also enhance the dissolution of carbonate rocks, and increase the CO2 consumption by carbonate weathering. We Should combine with the soil buffer capacity and the threshold value to the atmospheric acid deposition and exchange capacity of the soil base ion with the H+ from atmospheric acid deposition, and consider the salt effect, ion pairs and common ion, to objectively evaluate the effect of sulfuric acid rain, after flowing through the limestone soil layer, on the absorption of atmospheric/soil CO2 by carbonate rocks dissolution.
- sulfuric acid rain /
- karst carbon sink /
- acid buffer capacity /
- salt effect /
- common ion effect

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