基于GMS的岩溶山区三维地下水流模式识别

罗利川; 梁 杏; 李 扬; 周 宏; 罗明明

doi:10.11932/karst20180505

基于GMS的岩溶山区三维地下水流模式识别

doi: 10.11932/karst20180505

1.
中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院，武汉 430074
2.
中国地质大学（武汉）环境学院，武汉 430074/中国地质大学盆地水文过程与湿地生态恢复学术创新基地,武汉 430074
3.
湖南省煤炭地质勘查院，长沙 410007
4.
中国地质大学（武汉）地质调查研究院，武汉 430074

基金项目: 中国地质调查局项目（12120113103800，DD20160304）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（CUG170670）

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出版历程
- 发布日期: 2018-10-25

Identifying three-dimensional groundwater flow patterns

1.
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan,Hubei 430074,China
2.
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan,Hubei 430074,China/Laboratory of Basin Hydrology and Wetland Eco-restoration, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074,China
3.
The Coal Geological Exploration Institute of Hunan Province,Changsha,Hunan 410007, China
4.
Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074,China

摘要

摘要: 以高岚河东部多条支沟切割形成的连排型河间地块为研究区，基于1∶5万岩溶水文地质调查成果，利用GIS技术和径流分割，量化岩溶含水系统顶底板高程、获取入渗补给系数及地下水径流量等数据，运用三维地下水流数值模拟及粒子追踪地下水流线的方法，得出了研究区的地下水流模式。其结果表明：研究区地下水流模式主要受区域尺度的势源和势汇控制，局部的地形起伏对地下水位的影响不明显；支沟切割较深的凉伞沟、滩淤河流域，水流驱动力大，有利于局部水流系统的发育；随着东部补给高程的增加，流程逐渐增长，多发育局部水流系统，至山脊附近多发育排泄至高岚河的中间水流系统。当研究区年降雨量由中等的1 021.1 mm降为多年最低的725.5 mm时，由东部补给区排泄至高岚河的中间水流系统增加；在此降雨强度区间，不具备发育越过河间地块的中间或区域地下水流系统。
- 连排河间地块 /
- 岩溶裂隙水 /
- 三维地下水流模式 /
- 数值模拟
Abstract: The study area is located in the eastern part of the Gaolan river basin, Xingshan county in the west of Hubei Province,South China. Uplift and erosion have produced a steep terrane of medium to low mountains and deep ravines that are characterized by complex karst landforms and great topographic relief. The terrain is generally high in the north and east, low in the south and west, with an elevation ranging from 349 m to 1,780 m amsl. The Gaolan river and its deep tributaries, Baiji river, Liangsan river, Tanyu river and Xiayang river, are successively developed from north to south. To identify 3D groundwater flow patterns in the study area , based on the results of 1∶50,000 scale karst hydrogeological survey,GIS technology and runoff segmentation were used in this paper to quantify the elevations of top and bottom of the karst aquifer system, from which we obtained infiltration recharge coefficient, groundwater runoff and other simulation data. The groundwater flow system under different rainfall conditions in the study area was numerically simulated. The results show that the development of groundwater flow patterns mainly controlled by the larger-scale potential sources and sinks, the effect of small and medium scale relief on groundwater level is not obvious. Because of the presence of deep river cut valleys, the groundwater of the Liangsan and Tanyu river basins is more powerful, which is favorable to the development of local flow systems. With the increase of recharge elevation in the east, the groundwater process is gradually increasing, and the localised flow systems are more developed; and the intermediate water flow systems that discharged to the Gaolan river are developed near the ridge areas. The simulation result also shows that once the annual rainfall in the study area is reduced from medium 1,021.1 mm to the lowest 725.5 mm, the intermediate flow system discharged from the eastern recharge area to the Gaolan river increases; in this range of rainfall intensity, there is no intermediate or regional groundwater flow system developed across the inter-mountain blocks.
- paratactical interstream massif /
- karst fissure water /
- 3D groundwater flow patterns /
- groundwater numerical modelling

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