Effects of different land use and soil type on the migration of heavy metals in a pyrite smelting area
-
摘要: 为探讨硫铁矿冶炼区不同土地利用方式和土壤类型对重金属元素迁移的影响,采集了毕节市林口废弃硫铁矿冶炼厂内耕地砂壤土及附近林地石灰土表层和深层样共40组。室内测试土壤理化指标Pb、Zn、Cd全量和有效态含量,并对重金属元素含量的水平和垂直分布特征及重金属元素含量的相关性进行了讨论。结果表明:土壤中Pb和Zn的含量均符合土壤环境质量二级标准值,耕地表层土壤Cd含量是贵州省农业土壤背景值的7倍。土壤Cd有效态含量占全量的比值最大,而Pb和Zn有效态含量占全量的比值差别较小。耕地砂壤土Zn和Cd的全量随剖面深度的增加表现为先增大后减小,Pb呈减少的趋势;Pb和Zn的有效态含量随剖面深度的增加而减少,Cd有效态含量呈波动变化。林地石灰土中Pb、Zn、Cd的全量和有效态含量均随剖面深度的增加而减少,且Pb、Zn、Cd全量之间及全量与有效态含量之间都具有显著的正相关关系,而在耕地中各元素的相关性不明显。土壤频繁的扰动和偏酸性的环境有利于重金属垂向迁移。Abstract: The objective of this work is to understand the impact of the Weihe pyrite smelting on the surrounding environment and migration of soil heavy metals due to different land uses and soil types. In total 12 surface soil samples and 28 deep soil samples on 4 profiles were collected from the cultivated land and woodland in or near the smelting area. The total and available contents of heavy metals and soil chemical and physical properties were analyzed. The results indicate that the concentrations of total lead (as Pb) and zinc (as Zn) in the soils are generally less than the threshold levels of China Environmental Quality Standard for Soils(GB 15618-1995 Class II), while the concentrations of total and available cadmium (as Cd) in soils exceed the soil background values of Guizhou Province. Cd has the highest value, while the difference between Pb and Zn is relatively small. The total contents of Zn and Cd in the farmland soils first increase and then decrease at depth, but Pb keeps a decreasing trend. The available contents of Pb and Zn decrease with the depths, while Cd shows a fluctuating trend. The total and available contents of the three heavy metals in woodland soils exhibit a decreasing trend at depth. There is a remarkable positive correlation between the total contents and available contents of Pb, Zn and Cd, and also a remarkable positive correlation among the total contents of the three heavy metals in woodland lime soils, but not in farmland soils. A soil environment with frequent disturbances and an acidic condition is favorable for the migration of heavy metals in a vertical direction.
-
Key words:
- soil /
- pollution /
- heavy metals /
- distribution characteristics /
- weihe pyrite smelting area /
- Bijie City /
- Guizhou Prouince
-
[1] 覃朝科,易鹞,刘静静,等.广西某铅锌矿区废水汇集洼地土壤重金属污染调查与评价[J].中国岩溶,2013, 32(3):318-324. [2] 张国平,刘丛强,杨元根,等.碳酸盐岩地区铅锌矿山水系中铅、锌、铜的迁移及其硫同位素示踪[J].矿物学报,2002, 22(3): 249-254. [3] 蒋忠诚.论南方岩溶山区生态环境的元素有效态[J].中国岩溶,2000, 19(2): 123-128. [4] S Lutts, I Lefèvre . How can we take advantage of halophyte properties to cope with heavy metal toxicity in salt-affected areas?[J].Annals of Botany, 2015, 115(3):509-528. [5] 赵鲁, 李旭军, 穆真, 等.Cr (Ⅲ) 胁迫对大豆、小麦生长及铬吸收和转运的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015(1):63-67. [6] 陈宗娟, 张倩, 张强, 等. 天津东南部某区域不同土地利用方式下土壤重金属的累积特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报,2015,31(2):166-173. [7] 李贵祥, 方向京,邵金平,等.个旧锡矿山废弃地不同土地利用方式土壤重金属的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(3):48-52. [8] 孙亚乔,钱会,段磊,等. 土地利用方式对土壤重金属含量的影响分析[J].安徽农业科学, 2010,38(7): 3613-3615. [9] 钟晓兰,周生路,李江涛,等. 长江三角洲地区土壤重金属生物有效性的研究[J].土壤学报, 2008, 45(2):240-248. [10] 刘娟,王津,陈永亨,等.广东硫铁矿区与硫酸厂区菜地和农作物重金属污染的对比研究[J].广东农业科学,2013(15):172-175. [11] 吴锦标,刘华基,亦如瀚,等.云浮硫铁矿区土壤重金属生物有效性的研究[J]. 安徽农业科学,2010, 38(2):852-855. [12] 谌金吾,孙一铭,杨占南,等.三峡库区云阳消落带土壤重金属形态及其在植物中的富集和转移[J].中国岩溶,2012,415-422. [13] Y Mamindy-Pajany,S Sayen,E Guillon. Impact of lime-stabilized biosolid application on Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn mobility in an acidic soil[J]. Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2014,21(6):4473-4481. [14] 石占飞,王力.神木矿区土壤重金属含量特征及潜在风险评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(6):1150-1158. [15] 孙慧珍,陆小静,陈明月,等.哈尔滨市不同类型人工林土壤重金属含量[J]. 应用生态学报,2011,22(3):614-620. [16] GB15618-1995, 土壤环境质量[S]. [17] 曾广铭,吉玉碧,谭红,等.贵州省农业土壤中镉的背景值研究[J]. 现代农业科技, 2007,(3): 73 -77. [18] 席晋峰,俞杏珍,周立祥,等.不同地区城郊用地土壤重金属含量特征的比较[J]. 土壤, 2011, 43(5): 769-775. [19] 梁国玲,黄冠星,孙继朝,等.珠江三角洲污灌区土壤中重金属含量特征[J].农业环境工程, 2009, 28(11): 2307-2312. [20] 宋文恩,郭雪雁,陈世宝,等.酸化方式对土壤中铜的形态及生物有效性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(12):2343-2349. [21] 赵志忠,毕华,杨元根,等.海南岛西部地区砖红壤中微量元素含量极其分布特征[J].地球与环境,2005,33(2):69-73. [22] 吴志强,顾尚义,李海英,等.贵州黔西北铅锌矿区土壤重金属污染及生物有效性研究[J].安全与环境工程,2009,16(3):1-6. [23] 吴新民, 李恋卿, 潘根兴,等.南京市不同功能城区土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的污染特征[J].环境科学,2003,24(3):105 -111. [24] 章程,谢运球,吕勇,等.广西弄拉峰从山区土壤有机质与微量营养元素有效态[J].中国岩溶, 2006,25(1): 63-66. [25] 黄兴星, 朱先芳,唐磊,等.密云水库上游某铁矿区土壤重金属含量及形态研究[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(9):1632-1639. [26] 张季惠,王黎虹,张建奎,等.榆中县农用地土壤及其蔬菜中重金属含量的分析与评价[J].贵州农业科学,2013,41(7):119 - 123. [27] Pugh, R E, Dick D G, Fredeen L A. Heavy metal ( Pb ,Zn , Cd, Fe, and Cu) contents of plant foliage near the AnvilRange Lead/ Zinc Mine, Faro, Yukon Territory[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2002, 52(3):273-279. [28] 陈家栋, 潘宝宝, 张金池, 等.广东大宝山矿区土壤重金属含量及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究, 2012, 19(6): 237-246. [29] 廖敏, 黄昌勇, 谢正苗,等. 施加石灰降低不同母质土壤中镉毒性机理研究[J].农业环境保护,1998,(3):101-103. [30] 李忠义, 张超兰, 邓超冰,等.铅锌矿区农田土壤重金属有效态空间分布及其影响因子分析[J].生态环境学报, 2009,18(5):1772-1776. [31] 张敏, 周莉, 曹建华, 等. 桂林毛村土壤钙、锌、铅有效态与pH关系初探[J].广西农业科学, 2008,39(6): 796-799.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1314
- HTML浏览量: 321
- PDF下载量: 637
- 被引次数: 0