The characteristics of karst cave ancient floodplain sediment and environment evolution: A case study in Shanwang cave
-
摘要: 为揭示岩溶洞穴沉积物对沉积环境与沉积过程的指示作用，文章在分析双河洞洞系形成过程及山王洞区域地质调查资料的基础上，选取贵州山王洞中段古河漫滩沉积物为研究对象，采用粒度分析法与萨胡公式对洞穴沉积物粒度特征与沉积环境的相关性进行分析，推断不同沉积韵律期的沉积环境演变过程，研究结果表明：（1）古河漫滩表层沉积物以极细砂、粉砂和黏土为主，平均含量达94.42%，且中上部含有一层粗砂砾夹层;（2）沉积模式主要为跳跃和悬浮沉积，水动力条件整体稳定，搬运颗粒粒径平均值为637 μm，其最大沉积物颗粒粒径为864.2 μm；（3）以沉积物粒度特征为依据，将古河漫滩沉积过程划分为三级沉积韵律，一级沉积韵律厚度为404～275 cm ，二级沉积韵律厚度为285～165 cm，三级沉积韵律厚度为165～0 cm。上述研究为确定区域侵蚀基准面和地层升降运动过程提供有力证明，也为山王洞古气候环境研究提供了重要依据。Abstract: To reveal the influence of karst cave sediments on the sedimentary environment and the sedimentary process, this study was conducted in the middle range of Shanwang cave, Guizhou, in conjuction with previous studies of the cave development and associated geological information of the area. The sediment grain size analysis was done and on this basis Sahu's formula was employed to analyze the correlation of sedimentary environment and the sediment particle gradation, from which the evolution of sedimentary environment in different cave sedimentary cycles was assessed. The results show that, (1) in the surface of ancient floodplain, the sediments comprise very fine sand, silt and clay, with an average content of 94.42%, where there is an intercalated coarse gravel layer; (2) the sedimentary pattern was represented by the uniform deposition process which was dominated by steady flow over the cave floodplain; as a result the average sediment particle size was 637 μm, with a maximum size of 864.2 μm; (3) According to the characteristics of granularity, the ancient floodplain deposition can be divided into three layers deposited in different sedimentary environments; the first layer is 404-275 cm in thickness, the second one is 285-165 cm thick and the third 165-0 cm in thickness. The results provide important information for the determination of regional erosion datum and the study of crustal movement of the area. In the meantime, it provides an strong evidence for the research of paleoclimate of the Shanwang cave area.
-
Key words:
- sediment /
- sedimentary environment /
- karst /
- Shanwang cave /
- Shuanghe Cave system
-
[1] 刘红，何青，吉晓强，等. 波流共同作用下潮滩剖面沉积物和地貌分异规律:以长江口崇明东滩为例［J］.沉积学报,2008,26(5):833-843. [2] 李海龙，张岳桥，乔彦松，等. 青藏高原东缘大渡河中游深切河谷沉积物及其地震地质意义［J］.地质通报, 2015,34(1):104-112. [3] 李继彦，董治宝，李恩菊，等.察尔汗盐湖河漫滩沉积地貌沉积物粒度特征研究［J］.中国沙漠, 2012,32(5):1187-1192. [4] 何清，杨兴华，霍文，等. 库姆塔格沙漠粒度分布特征及环境意义［J］. 中国沙漠, 2009,21(9):18-22. [5] 战庆，王张华，王昕，等. 长江口区晚新生代沉积物粒度特征和沉积地貌环境演变［J］. 沉积学报, 2009, 27(4):674-683. [6] 王小群，王兰生，沈军辉. 岷江上游叠溪古堰塞湖沉积物粒度特征及环境意义［J］.工程地质学报, 2010,18(5):677-684. [7] 李开封，穆桂金，徐立帅，等.塔里木河干流古河道表层沉积物粒度特征及其意义［J］.水土保持通报, 2012, 32(1):161-164. [8] Bianchi G G , McCave I N. Holocene periodicity in north Atlantic climate and deep ocean flow south of Iceland［J］. Nature，1999,397:515-517. [9] 朱学稳，张远海，韩道山，等.重庆丰都雪玉洞群的洞穴特征和洞穴沉积物［J］.中国岩溶,2004,23(2):85-90． [10] 张美良，朱晓燕，吴夏，等.广西巴马县水晶宫洞穴沉积物特征及其沉积环境［J］.中国岩溶,2013,32(3):345-356. [11] 张美良，朱晓燕，阳和平，等. 岩溶洞穴沉积物的地震记录浅析［J］.中国岩溶, 2009, 28(4):340-347. [12] 张海伟，蔡演军，谭亮成. 石笋矿物类型、成因及其对气候和环境的指示［J］.中国岩溶, 2010, 29(3): 222-228. [13] 李坡，贺卫，钱治，等. 双河洞地质公园研究［M］.贵阳:贵州人民出版社,2008,16-18． [14] R C 塞利.沉积学导论［M］.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1985:10-12． [15] 任明达，王乃梁．现代沉积环境概论［M］．北京：科学出版社,1985:14-16. [16] 刘小丰，潘保田，高红山，等．天水黄土沉积特征与环境变化［J］.中国沙漠, 2007, 27(3):373-378. [17] 马伟. 新疆滴水砂岩型铜矿沉积物粒度特征及沉积体系研究［D］.东北大学,2013. [18] 魏垂高，张士奇，姜在兴，等．东营凹陷现河地区三段震积岩特征及其意义［J］.沉积学报,2006,24(6):798-805. [19] Folk R L, Ward W C. Brazos River Bar: a study in the significance of grain size parameters［J］.Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 1957,27:3-26. [20] 吴克华，李坡，贺卫，等. 贵州双河洞国家地质公园洞穴冲积物的粒度组成及环境意义:以山王洞为例［J］.地球与环境，2014,42(2):138-144. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1442
- HTML浏览量: 567
- PDF下载量: 812
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
