典型喀斯特地貌类型区小流域划分——以贵州省金沙县为例

陈智虎; 杨广斌; 杨春艳; 赵连友

doi:10.11932/karst20160303

典型喀斯特地貌类型区小流域划分——以贵州省金沙县为例

doi: 10.11932/karst20160303

1.
贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院/贵州省山地资源与环境遥感应用重点实验室
2.
贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（41361091）；贵州省优秀青年科技人才培养对象专项资金项目（黔科合人字[2013]39号）；贵州省重大专项项目（黔科合重大专项字[2012]6007号）

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出版历程
- 发布日期: 2016-06-25

Small catchment division in the typical karst landform areas：A case study of Jinsha county, Guizhou

1.
School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University/Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Application in Resources and Environment
2.
School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University

摘要

摘要: 我国水土保持和石漠化防治是以小流域为单元来开展工作的，而在喀斯特地区进行小流域划分的研究还比较少。以1∶5万地形图作为工作底图，进行数字化采集并结合空间插值的方法生成贵州省金沙县DEM数据，并以GIS的水文分析模块为基础，经过自动提取微流域，微流域归并，流域边界验证等过程，最终提取金沙县小流域338个。从提取的结果来看，小流域的面积集中分布在3~10 km2范围内，占小流域总数的79.29%；在完整型、区间型和坡面型三种小流域类型中，研究区小流域类型以完整型小流域为主；绝大部分流域的分界线能够达到要求，在峰林、峰丛、洼地分布的地方会出现分界线偏离山顶点或者鞍部，这些地方水系网络复杂，自动提取的小流域与实际不相符合，需要进行手动修改。
- 喀斯特 /
- 小流域 /
- 盲谷 /
- 峰林 /
- 峰丛洼地
Abstract: Prevention and control of soil and water loss and desertification in China are normally implemented on a small catchment as a unit basis. However, scientific study on the division of a small catchment in karst area has seldom been done. Jinsha county is located in a typical karst area in Guizhou, with various types of landform. This research was commenced on the work of digitization and DEM generation with the topographic map of Jinsha sheets on a scale of 1∶50,000. After that, the hydrological analysis module of GIS was used to automatically extract the small catchments, to merge the micro-catchments and in the meantime validate the basin boundaries from which 338 small catchments were finally extracted by the system. Result shows that the sizes of the small catchments fall in a range of between 3 km2 and 10 km2，accounting for 79.29% of the total small catchments. Within the range of integrity, and slope, and other three small catchment types, small catchment types in the study area is dominated by complete type of catchment. Most of the catchment boundaries can meet the requirements. In the areas with peak forest, peak cluster and karst depression, the boundaries do not exactly cross the top of the mountain or hill saddle. Due to the complexity of local drainage network, automatically extracted small catchments are not in accordance with the reality, which have to be manually modified.
- karst /
- small catchment /
- blind valley /
- peak forest /
- peak cluster depression

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