Development model of compound buried-hill reservoirs in the Yingmai 32area of Tabei and its significance for exploration
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摘要: 勘探开发实践表明塔北英买32潜山区发育一类特殊的潜山油藏类型——碳酸盐岩-砂岩复合潜山油藏。文章通过对部分复合潜山油藏的描述和英买32地区构造、沉积演化的分析,指出沿潜山面发生的多期削蚀、超覆作用是形成复合潜山的根本原因,加里东中晚期、海西-印支期两次大型不整合的发育是形成复合潜山的基础。根据地层削蚀、超覆作用的不同,将复合潜山分为削蚀型和超覆型2类。根据砂岩与碳酸盐岩接触关系的不同,2类复合潜山又分别可划分为3种模式:削蚀型潜山可分为覆盖式、尖灭式、断堑式;超覆型潜山可分为覆盖式、尖灭式、沟谷式。塔北地区复合潜山普遍发育,加强储层顶面刻画,落实复合潜山圈闭,是实现滚动扩边的关键所在。Abstract: A special type of buried-hill reservoirs, which is compounded by both carbonates and sandstones, has been discovered in the Yingmai 32 area of Tabei (North Tarim). This paper describes part of these reservoirs and analyzes structures and sedimentary history of the Yingmai 32 area. We suggest that the key reason for the generation of such reservoirs is that multiple-episode truncations and overlaps have happened along the unconformity surface of basement rocks. The two enormous unconformities that developed during the Middle to the Late Caledonian period and Hercynian to Indo-China period set up the foundation for the building-up of these compound reservoirs. The reservoirs could be divided into two types: truncation type and overlap type. The truncation type can be further divided into three different models: overlap, pinch-out and graben models, while the overlap type includes three sub-models: overlay, pinch-out and gully models. Such compound buried-hill reservoirs are common in Tabei. Thus we should make more efforts to describe the top surface of all connected reservoirs instead of carbonates alone, which would significantly contribute to expansion of hydrocarbon exploration.
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