黔中丘峰盆地区岩溶找水及开发技术——以贵阳市乌当区地下水机井工程为例
Karst water prospecting and development technology in karst peak cluster basin area,central Guizhou:A case study of groundwater pump well project in Wudang district,Guiyang
-
摘要: 为解决当地农村群众饮水安全问题,探讨黔中丘峰盆地区岩溶找水及开发技术,开展了贵阳市乌当区地下水机井工程。在对区内地形地貌、地质构造、水文地质等情况调查的基础上,初步圈定出沿构造等可能布设机井的地下水富集地带,并通过高密度电阻率法在靶区布设物探剖面,根据电性差异查明主径流带的走向及埋深状况,进一步确定机井位置。最终通过钻探施工和抽水试验,查明区内含水层岩溶发育程度及其富水性,并成功施工6口探采结合井,为当地居民饮水提供了安全水源。黔中丘峰盆地为裸露岩溶区,主要含水岩组为寒武系娄山关群白云岩、灰质白云岩,地下水赋存条件较差;区内岩溶中等发育,以溶蚀裂隙为主,局部裂隙、溶洞发育地带和断层等储水构造富水性强,为地下水的富集地段,也是机井布设的首选位置。Abstract: Guizhou Province is located in the mountainous area of southwest China, where the carbonate rocks are widely distributed. However, the uneven distribution of karst groundwater has brought great difficulties to the prospecting and development of karst groundwater, resulting in the lack of drinking water in some karst areas. In order to solve the problem of drinking water safety of rural people,the groundwater pumping well project in Wudang district of Guiyang City was carried out to study the karst water prospecting and development technology in karst peak cluster basin area,central Guizhou Province. Firstly, on the basis of the survey of topography, geological structure and hydrogeology in the area, the groundwater enrichment zones that may be laid out along the structure are delineated preliminarily. Secondly, the high density resistivity method was used to lay out geophysical profiles in the target area,and the trend and buried depth of the main runoff zone were identified according to the difference of electrical properties,so as to further determine the location of the well . Finally, through drilling construction and pumping test, the karst development degree and water abundance of aquifer in the area were fount out, and six wells were successfully constructed, which provided safe water source supply for local residents.The results show that karst peak cluster basin area in central Guizhou is an exposed karst area, and the main water-bearing rock groups are dolomite and calcite dolomite of Cambrian Loushanguan group, and the storage conditions of groundwater are poor. Karst is moderately developed in the area,the karst morphology is mainly dissolved fissures, local fissures, karst caves, faults and other water storage structural areas with strong water abundance,which is the groundwater enrichment area and is also the preferred location for the layout of pump well. This project has accumulated some experience for water prospecting and well drilling in similar karst water shortage area in southwest China.
-
Key words:
- karst groundwater /
- dolomite /
- high-density electrical method /
- pneumatic DTH hammer /
- pumping tests
-
[1] 王明章,张林,王伟,等.贵州省岩溶地下水与地质环境[M].北京:地质出版社,2015. [2] 中国地质调查局.严重缺水地区地下水勘查论文集(第一集)[M].北京:地质出版社,2003. [3] 潘世兵,路京选.西南岩溶地下水开发与干旱应对[J].中国水利,2010,13(2):40-42. [4] 王焰新,高旭波.人类活动影响下娘子关岩溶水系统地球化学演化[J].中国岩溶,2009,28 (2):103-112. [5] 王中美.贵州碳酸盐岩的分布特征及其对岩溶地下水的控制[J].地质与勘探,2017,53(2):342-349. [6] 李伟,朱庆俊,王洪磊,等.西南岩溶地区找水技术方法探讨[J].地质与勘探.2011,47(5):918-923. [7] 王宇.西南岩溶地区岩溶水系统分类、特征及勘查评价要点[J].中国岩溶,2002,21(2):114-119. [8] 王明章,陈萍,王中美,等.贵州省岩溶地下水系统及地下水赋存规律研究(第一版)[M].北京:地质出版社,2018. [9] 王中美,杨根兰,胡良博,等.贵州碳酸盐岩相与岩溶地下水赋水条件关系研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2016,43(1):6-11. [10] 王宇主编.岩溶找水与开发技术研究[M].北京:地质出版社,2007. [11] 覃小群,宋开本,黄奇波,等.广西岩溶峰林区地下水赋存特征及钻探成井模式[J].中国岩溶, 2017 , 36 (5):618-625. [12] 张之淦,陈伟海.岩溶蓄水构造与找水:以广西来宾小平阳为例[J].水文地质工程地质,2000,27(6): 1-5. [13] 刘新号.基于蓄水构造类型的山区综合找水技术[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(6):8-12. [14] 陈萍.贵州西部茅口组古岩溶带供水意义[J].中国岩溶,2015,34(4): 382-386. [15] 吉学亮,尹学灵,潘晓东,等.岩溶斜坡地带基于蓄水构造的地下水富集模式[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(22):8-14. [16] 王宇,彭淑惠,王梓溦,等.云南省抗旱井定井论证方法[J].中国岩溶,2013,32(3):305-312. [17] 中国地质调查局.水文地质手册(第二版)[M].北京:地质出版社,2012. [18] 武毅,孙银行,李凤哲.西南岩溶地区不同含水介质地球物理勘查技术[J].中国岩溶,2011,30(1):278-284. [19] 黄小军,王鹏,董亮,等.高密度电法在地下暗河勘探中的应用[J].资源环境与工程,2012,26(2):66-68. [20] 张银松,张家刘,李斌,等.综合物探电法在岩溶石山找水中的研究及其应用[J].工程勘察,2014,42(8):89-92. [21] 郑智杰,甘伏平,曾洁.不同深度岩溶管道的高密度电阻率法反演特征[J].中国岩溶,2015,34(3):292-297. [22] 陈怡.空气潜孔锤钻进工艺在贵州岩溶地区供水成井施工中的应用[J].探矿工程 (岩土钻掘工程),2005,39(10):45-46. [23] 郝文奎,宋宏兵,康亢,等.多工艺空气钻进技术在深水井施工中的应用实践[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2014,41(12):11-14.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1442
- HTML浏览量: 607
- PDF下载量: 57
- 被引次数: 0