岩溶区坡耕地土壤肥力综合评价——以重庆中梁山坡耕地样区为例
Soil fertility evaluation of slope farmland in karst area：A case study of slope farmland in Zhongliang mountain in Chongqing
-
摘要: 坡耕地是我国西南地区最重要的土地利用类型，也是我国一项重要的国土资源。由于该地区坡耕地石漠化程度高，土壤侵蚀问题严重，致使坡耕地土壤肥力不断退化。以重庆市中梁山坡耕地样区为例，采用模糊综合指数法进行小尺度坡耕地土壤肥力评价。经取样数合理性分析表明，25个样点估计研究区土壤肥力评价能够满足90 %置信水平条件下，10 %、15 %和20 %的相对误差取样数的精度要求；运用主成分分析（PCA），通过计算变量的Norm值筛选有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、耕层厚度和粉黏比进入最小数据集（MDS），并对进入MDS的肥力因子进行相关系数分析检验，表明选取的MDS能最大程度表达坡耕地土壤属性信息；利用隶属度函数实现评价指标量纲归一化并对单项肥力指标进行评价，采用加权求和模型计算土壤肥力综合指数（IFI），结果表明，土壤有机质和全磷是影响研究区土壤肥力的限制因子，研究区80 %样地肥力综合指数在0.40～0.60之间，肥力水平处于中等程度。Abstract: Slope farmland is one of the main land-use types in southwest China, and also an important farm land resource in China. However, rocky desertification and soil erosion problems are serious in slope farmland areas, leading to soil fertility degradation. Taking Zhongliang mountain in Chongqing as a case, the soil fertility of slope farmland was evaluated on a small scale by the fuzzy comprehensive index method. According to statistical analysis of sample number rationality, the regional soil fertility evaluation based on 25 soil samples was sufficient to meet the required accuracy of 10 %, 15 % and 20 % relative error at a 90 % confidence level. The minimum data set (MDS) components including soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, soil depth and silt/clay were selected by calculating the norm values based on principal components analysis (PCA). Correlation coefficient test between the indicators inside MDS showed that MDS represented maximally all the soil properties with minimal loss of soil fertility information. Membership function was used to transform the indicators into dimensionless data and a weighted summation model was used to calculate the integrated fertility index (IFI). The membership values and IFI reflect the single factor fertility and the integral fertility respectively. This indicated that soil organic matter and total phosphorus were the limiting factors for the soil fertility in the study area, and soil integral fertility was at a medium level with integrated fertility index (IFI) ranging from 0.40 to 0.60.
-
[1] 李晓红,韩勇,郑阳华.三峡库区坡耕地土壤侵蚀治理效益分析［J］.重庆大学学报（自然科学版）,2007,30(1):134-138. [2] 宋敏,彭晚霞,邹冬生，等.喀斯特峰丛洼地不同森林表层土壤有机质的空间变异及成因［J］.生态学报,2012,32(19):6259-6269. [3] 熊平生,袁道先,谢世友.我国南方岩溶山区石漠化基本问题研究进展［J］.中国岩溶,2010,29(4):355-362. [4] 骆东奇,白洁,谢德体.论土壤肥力评价指标和方法［J］.土壤与环境,2002,11(2):202-205. [5] 中国科学院南京土壤研究所.土壤理化分析［M］.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1978. [6] 鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法［M］.北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000. [7] 吴玉红,田宵鸿,同延安,等.基于主成分分析的土壤肥力综合指数评价［J］.生态学杂志,2010,29(1):173-180. [8] 杨贵羽,陈亚新.土壤水分盐分空间变异性与合理采样数研究［J］.干旱地区农业研究,2002,20(4):64-66. [9] 郑立臣,宇万太,马强,等.农田土壤肥力综合评价研究进展［J］.生态学杂志,2004,23(5):156-161. [10] 李桂林,陈杰,孙志英,等.基于土壤特征和土地利用变化的土壤质量评价最小数据集确定［J］.生态学报，2007,27（7）：2715-2724. [11] 马强,宇万太,赵少华,等.黑土农田土壤肥力质量综合评价［J］.应用生态学报,2004,15(10):1916-1920. [12] 许明祥,刘国彬,赵允格.黄土丘陵区侵蚀土壤质量评价［J］.植物营养与肥料学报,2005,11(3):285-293. [13] 王建国，杨林章，单艳红.模糊数学在土壤质量评价中的应用研究［J］.土壤学报,2001,38(2):176-183. [14] 许明祥,刘国彬,赵允格.黄土丘陵区土壤质量指标研究［J］.应用生态学报,2005,16(10):1843-1848. [15] 王启兰,王溪,曹广民,等.青海省海北州典型高寒草甸土壤质量评价［J］.应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1416-1422. [16] 沈汉.土壤评价中参评因素的选定与分级指标的划分研究［J］.华北农学报,1990,5(3):63-69. [17] 孙艳玲,郭鹏,刘洪斌,等.基于GIS的土壤肥力评价［J］.西南农业大学学报,2003,25(2):176-179. [18] 周佳松,刘秀华,廖兴勇,等.南方丘陵区土地整理新增耕地质量评价研究［J］.西南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2004,2(1):30-33. [19] 王子芳,高明,魏朝富,等.植烟土壤养分的空间变异特征及适宜性评价——以重庆市彭水县为例［J］.西南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(1):98-103. [20] 刘金山,胡承孝,孙学成,等.基于最小数据集和模糊数学法的水旱轮作区土壤肥力质量评价［J］.土壤通报,2012,43(5):1145-1149. [21] 袁天凤,张孝成,邱道持,等.基于GIS的重庆市丘陵山地耕地质量评价与比较［J］.农业工程学报,2007，23(11):101-107. [22] 王建锋.重庆石漠化丘陵区耕层土壤养分空间变异性研究及肥力综合评价——以南川区南平石漠化治理示范区为例［D］.重庆:西南大学,2010. [23] 李跃琴,赵翠薇.喀斯特丘陵地区新增耕地质量评价：以贵州省镇宁县丁旗镇为例［J］.贵州农业科学,2011,39(7):204-208. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1900
- HTML浏览量: 283
- PDF下载量: 1216
- 被引次数: 0
下载:
