重庆金佛山羊口洞滴水δD和δ18O变化特征及其环境意义

王海波; 李廷勇; 袁 娜; 李俊云

重庆金佛山羊口洞滴水δD和δ18O变化特征及其环境意义

1.
西南大学地理科学学院/三峡库区生态与环境教育部重点实验室；中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/国土资源部、广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室
2.
西南大学地理科学学院/三峡库区生态与环境教育部重点实验室；中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/国土资源部、广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室；中国科学院地球环境研究所/黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室
3.
西南大学地理科学学院/三峡库区生态与环境教育部重点实验室

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41172165, 41030103, 41302138); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(XDJK2013A012, XDJK2014C010);岩溶动力学重点实验室开放基金资助课题(KDL201301)和黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(SKLLQG1310)

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2013-11-18
- 发布日期: 2014-06-25

Environmental signification and characteristics of δD and δ18O variation in drip water in Yangkou cave, Chongqing

1.
School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education；Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS / Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR & GZAR
2.
School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education；Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS / Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MLR & GZAR；Institute of Earth Environment, CAS / State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology
3.
School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education

摘要

摘要: 为探究重庆金佛山羊口洞滴水δD、δ18O变化特征及其环境意义，于2011年10月—2013年8月，在重庆市南川区金佛山逐月采集大气降水样品及羊口洞6个滴水监测点的滴水样品进行氢氧稳定同位素测定。通过比较降水和滴水δD、δ18O的分布特征、季节变化及其与降水量和温度的相关性发现：（1）6个滴水点δD、δ18O都较均匀地分布在当地降水线附近，表明从降水到形成滴水的过程受蒸发作用影响不大，滴水δD、δ18O体现了当地大气降水δD、δ18O平均水平。（2）受洞穴上覆岩土层的调蓄作用影响，羊口洞各滴水点δD和δ18O的变化范围（-46.77～-62.09 ‰, -7.05 ～ -9.96 ‰）远小于洞外大气降水（5.17 ～-115.63 ‰和-1.44 ～ -16.10 ‰），且较降水存在明显滞后性。但滴水δD、δ18O总体上也表现出与降水相同的夏季偏轻、冬季偏重的趋势，主要受降水水汽源地季节性差异影响。而各个监测点滴水δD和δ18O季节变化差异较大，可能受滴水点上覆岩层裂隙管道发育、覆盖层厚度、岩溶水滞留时间、形成滴水前的运移路径、滴水点的高度和滴率、滴水点距离洞穴出入口的距离等多种原因影响。（3）降水δ18O表现出“降水量效应”和“负温度效应”，羊口洞滴水δ18O与降水量总体上也呈负相关关系，而与温度（水温、洞温）的关系则呈现多样化：1#、2#、5#、6#监测点滴水δ18O与温度不相关，3#点为正相关，4#点为负相关，这与各监测点滴水δ18O季节变化差异较大有关。（4）总体而言，羊口洞滴水δD和δ18O的季节变化不够明显，利用羊口洞石笋进行季节分辨率的古气候重建可能性较低，但滴水δD和δ18O继承了当地大气降水信息，其石笋δ18O可用于重建年际～十年际及更长时间尺度的古气候变化。
- 洞穴滴水 /
- 大气降水 /
- δD /
- δ18O /
- 季节变化 /
- 降水量 /
- 温度
Abstract: To explore the variation of water δD, δ18O and its environmental significance, drip water and local meteoric precipitation were collected monthly from Yangkou cave in Jinfo Mountain, Nanchuan district, Chongqing, China, from October 2011 to August 2013, which were used for the analyze of the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes. By comparing the distribution and seasonal changes of δD and δ18O values, and the correlations with rainfall and temperature, some summaries can be concluded as below. (1) For all the six monitoring sites, the δD and δ18O data of drip water distributed closely to the Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL), δD=8.75δ18O+22.14, which was built up based on the δD and δ18O data of local precipitation. This means that there was no significant evaporation for the precipitation during the infiltration into the cave, and the δD and δ18O of drip water represent the average composition of local precipitation. (2) The amplitudes of δD and δ18O variation for drip water were -46.77 ‰～ -62.09 ‰ and -7.05 ‰～ -9.96 ‰ respectively, obviously less than the amplitudes of δD and δ18O for local precipitation, which were 5.17 ‰～ -115.63 ‰ and -1.44 ‰～ -16.10 ‰ respectively. In additionally, the δD and δ18O variations of drip water lagged to those of local precipitation. This should be attributed to the adjustment capacity of the overlying soil and bedrock. While, because of the seasonal change of moisture source, for both of the local precipitation and drip water, the δD and δ18O variation charactered as lighter in summer months and heavy in winter months. The relatively extensive δD and δ18O variation of drip water among different drip sites, maybe should be attributed to the difference of fissures in the bedrock, thickness of overlying stratum, residence time of underground water, migration length, dripping height and rate, and the distance between the drip site and entrance, and so on. (3) The δ18O of precipitation presented amount effect to rainfall and negative correlation with temperature. In general, the δ18O of drip water negatively correlated to rainfall too, but the correlation between drip water δ18O and temperature (water temperature and air temperature in cave) was diversified. E.g. there was no correlation for sites 1#、2#、5#、6#, positive correlation for site 3# and negative correlation for site 4#. It seems that these various correlations between drip water δ18O and temperature should partly be attributed to the different seasonal change of drip water δ18O among the drip sites. (4) In a word, mixing effect in the bedrock overlying the cave hiding the seasonal change of δD and δ18O in precipitation, resulted in smooth seasonal change of δD and δ18O in drip water. So, it may be at a low possibility to reconstruct paleoclimate change at seasonal resolution based on the stalagmite in Yangkou cave. While, the δD and δ18O of drip water inherited the change of local precipitation, the stalagmite δ18O in this cave can record the paleoclimate change at long time scale as annual-decades or even longer.
- cave drip water /
- meteoric precipitation /
- δD /
- δ18O /
- seasonal change /
- rainfall /
- temperature

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